Name: 【CNN10】俄烏戰爭對台灣的衝擊與影響 2020年4月19日 (A Conflict Over An Island | April 19, 2020)
Uploaded: 2022-04-25T21:01:30.000Z
Duration: 10 min 1 s

Could a potential conflict over the island of Taiwan spill over onto islands that are part of Japan?

臺灣的潛在衝突會蔓延到屬於日本的島嶼上嗎？

That is the question we're exploring first on today's show.

這是我們在今天的節目中首先要探討的問題。

Taiwan is located about 100 miles east of mainland China, and the governments of those two places have been at odds for decades.

臺灣位於中國大陸以東約100英里處，這兩個地方的政府幾十年來一直都是不合的。

When China's Communist Party won a civil war in the 1940s, the nation's previous government was forced to flee to Taiwan.

中國共產黨在1940年代贏得一場內戰時，國家的前政府被迫逃到今天的臺灣。

Today, the island sees itself as an independent democracy.

現今，該島國認為自己是一個獨立的民主國家。

China sees it as part of the mainland, and therefore, subject to China's communist government.

中國認為它是大陸的一部分，因此得受中國共產黨政府的管轄。

So the two sides have an ongoing dispute; they are not at war at this point.

所以雙方的爭議持續進行；他們目前沒有處於戰爭狀態。

But after Russia invaded Ukraine on February 24th, some experts have said China might be considering a similar operation in Taiwan.

但在俄羅斯於2月24日入侵烏克蘭之後，有些專家說中國可能正在考慮要在臺灣開展類似的行動。

No one knows for sure if that's going to happen, but there has been a lot of political and military activity around the island.

沒有人確切知道這是否會發生，但該島周圍有很多政治和軍事活動進行著。

A group of US lawmakers recently visited Taiwan for a show of support for it.

美國的一群立法者最近訪問了臺灣，以示對台灣的支持。

China called that trip "provocative" and responded by holding military drills near the island with ships, bombers, and fighter planes.

中國稱此行具有「挑釁」意味，並以在該島附近舉行艦艇、轟炸機和戰鬥機的軍事演習作為回應。

So, what does this have to do with Japan?

那麼，這與日本有什麼關係呢？

Well, like the US, Japan supports Taiwan; it does not want China's government to take over the island, and Japan doesn't like what it sees when it comes to Chinese military patrols.

嗯，像美國一樣，日本也支持臺灣；它不希望中國政府接管該島，而且日本不想經歷中國的軍事巡邏。

20 years ago, the Japanese government says it counted fewer than 20 Chinese warships sailing near Japanese islands.

日本政府說，據統計，二十年前日本島嶼附近航行的中國軍艦不到20艘。

Last year, that number jumped to more than 70, and the Japanese who live on their country's westernmost islands are much closer to Taiwan than Tokyo, the Japanese capital.

去年，這數字躍升至70多艘，而居住在日本最西端島嶼上的日本人比日本首都東京更靠近臺灣。

So, they're deeply concerned about what could happen if China makes a move against Taiwan.

所以，他們對中國對臺灣採取行動可能發生的情況深感擔憂。

For the past 25 years, Kazushi Kinjo has made a living fishing in the water surrounding Japan's Nansei Islands.

過去的25年裡，Kazushi Kinjo 在日本琉球群島周圍的水域捕魚為生。

That includes the uninhabited group of islands known as the Senkakus in Japan and Diaoyu in China.

其中包括無人居住的島嶼群，即日本的尖閣島和釣魚島。

When he started, Kinjo says he never saw Chinese ships, but in the last few years...

剛開始從事時，Kinjo 說他從未見過中國船隻，但在過去的幾年裡...

[Japanese] You could see it in the video; the bow of one of their ships was pointed straight at us, and they were chasing us.

[日語] 你可以在影片中看到；他們其中一艘船的船頭直指我們，而且在追趕我們。

Dangerous encounters, specifically around the contested Senkaku Islands, that Kinjo says are guaranteed.

Kinjo 所說的那些危險遭遇是真的，特別是在人人爭奪的尖閣島周圍。

[Japanese] I don't know for sure, but I also saw what looked like cannons.

[日語] 我不確定，但我也看到像大炮一樣的東西。

[Japanese] Looking back, they definitely could have shot at us if they wanted to.

[日語] 回想起來，如果他們想的話，絕對可以向我們開槍。

In response to CNN, China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs says it's carrying out law enforcement duties in its territory.

針對CNN，中國外交部回覆說它在其領土上執行執法任務。

But it's not just the Chinese coast guard trolling these contested waters.

但不僅僅只有中國海岸警衛隊在這些有爭議的水域徘徊。

Japanese and senior US defense officials say Chinese warships are routinely patrolling Japanese territorial waters and the waters near Taiwan.

日本人和資深美國國防部官員說，中國軍艦經常在日本領海和臺灣附近水域巡邏。

And according to one of the men in charge with defending Japan, that increased activity isn't limited to the sea.

據負責保衛日本的一名官員說，這種增加的活動並不只單單出現於海洋。

From where I'm walking on the shores of Japan's Yonaguni Island, the east coast of Taiwan is only 110 kilometers away.

臺灣的東海岸距我現在腳下地方——日本的與那國島，只有110公里的距離。

It's so close that, on a clear day, you can actually see it.

它非常近，以至於你其實可以在晴朗的日子裡看到它。

It's this stretch of water⏤it's been viewed as a potential battleground if China invades Taiwan.

就是這一片水域——如果中國入侵臺灣，它被認為是一個潛在的戰場。

It's that close proximity that has Japanese officials claiming Taiwan's peace and stability is directly connected to Japan's.

正是這種近距離讓日本官員斷言，臺灣的和平與穩定與日本的安全威脅直接相關。

A security threat amplified by the ongoing nuclear threat posed by North Korea and a growing fear that China may try to take control of land that the Japanese government claims is inherently theirs.

而北韓持續的核威脅與中國控制日本政府聲稱的領地的試圖，又放大了這種威脅。

[Japanese] Japan's territorial sovereignty extends to the Nansei Islands, and I'm afraid that may be infringed in the future.

[日語] 日本的主權領土延伸到琉球群島，我擔心未來可能會受到侵犯。

It's for those reasons that General Yoshihide Yoshida says defending the Nansei islands is a top priority.

正是這些原因，Yoshihide Yoshida 將軍說保衛琉球群島是首要任務。

The Nansei Islands consist of these 198 islands.

Since 2016, in a clear departure from Japan's post-World War Two pacifism, Japan's self-defense force has increased its footprint, building bases on Amami Oshima, Miyakojima, and Yonaguni.

自2016年以來，日本自衛隊已經增加了它的足跡，在奄美大島、宮古島和與那國島都建立了基地，這明顯偏離了日本在第二次世界大戰後的和平主義。

How confident are you in Japan's ability to defend itself?

你對日本的自我防衛能力有多大信心？

[Japanese] We are enhancing our capabilities, but our competitors are also enhancing their capabilities at an extremely fast pace.

[日語] 我們正在增強我們的實力，但我們的競爭對手也在以極快的速度增強他們的實力。

[Japanese] It will be very difficult to maintain our deterrence and response capabilities unless we further increase our military capacity.

除非我們進一步增加我們軍事能力，否則將很難保持我們的威懾和反應能力。

Back on Yonaguni, the Russian invasion of Ukraine is sparking fears that China could be emboldened to act off Japan's shores.

對於與那國島，俄羅斯對烏克蘭的入侵，引發了人們對中國可能有恃無恐地在日本沿海採取行動的擔憂。

[Japanese] The people are terrified of the situation that's happening.

[日語] 人們對正在發生的情況感到害怕。

[Japanese] I think that the Senkaku issue and the Taiwan contingency are similar to the Ukrainian issue.

[日語] 我認為，尖閣島的問題和臺灣突發事件都與烏克蘭問題類似。

[Japanese] I have a strong sense of crisis that this island will eventually cease to be Japan.

[日語] 我有一種強烈的危機感，這個島嶼最終將不再屬於日本。

But in the face of geopolitical concerns well out of his control, Kinjo and his crew do what they know: they prepare for another day at sea.

但面對遠遠超出控制範圍的地緣政治問題，Kinjo 和他的船員們也只能做他們該做的事：為在海上的日子做好準備。

Blake Essig，CNN，日本與那國島報導。

10-second trivia: Which of these airlines was founded first?

10 秒鐘小知識：這些航空公司中，哪一個最先成立？

西南航空，精神航空、邊疆航空還是捷藍航空。

Dating back to 1967, Southwest is by far the oldest airline on this list.

西南航空公司是迄今為止最古老的航空公司，最早可追溯到1967年。

As demand for airline travel increases this summer along with ticket prices, one challenge airlines are facing is pilot fatigue.

由於今年夏天航空旅行的需求與機票價格一起增加，航空公司面臨的一個挑戰是飛行員的疲勞。

An airline pilots association says that's the number one safety threat for Southwest Airlines, but that's not the only company whose employees say they're exhausted.

航空公司飛行員協會說這是西南航空公司的首要安全威脅，但這並不是唯一一家員工反應他們疲憊不堪的航空公司。

Airline travel hasn't completely recovered from the COVID pandemic, but it's getting there.

航空旅行還沒有完全從COVID 大流行中恢復過來，但正在快速復甦。

US government data shows that this month, there were about 90 percent of the travelers there were in 2019, but there's an ongoing shortage of pilots.

美國政府數據顯示，這個月的旅客人數約為2019年的90%，但飛行員持續短缺。

Thousands of them retired during the pandemic, others have complained of not enough pay, long and expensive training, being put on leave without pay, and COVID vaccine requirements.

其中數千人在疫情大流行期間退休，其他人則抱怨工資不夠、長期而昂貴的培訓、被迫放無薪假以及疫苗接種的總總要求。

The federal government has rules about how much airline pilots can fly.

聯邦政府對航空公司飛行員的飛行量有規定。

Those are set at 30 hours max in the air each week and at least 9 hours of rest in between shifts.

這些規定是每週最多在空中飛行30小時，兩班之間至少有9小時的休息。

But pilots say changes because of weather, delays, and other issues are taking their toll.

但飛行員說，氣候、延誤和其他問題造成的變化都造成他們的損失。

It is the latest challenge to your next trip⏤understaffed airlines and overworked flight crews causing carriers to cancel flights.

這是你下次旅行的面臨的新挑戰——航空公司人手不足、飛行人員工作過度，導致航班取消。

After hundreds of cancellations last weekend, JetBlue announced it is cutting 8 to 10 percent of its summer schedule, citing a "challenging staffing situation".

在上週末數百架航班取消後，捷藍航空宣佈將削減 8-10% 的夏季班機，理由是「人員配置困難」。

The latest numbers show that airlines are still shy, more than 30,000 workers compared to before the pandemic.

最新的數字顯示，航空公司依然人手不足，與疫情之前相比，少了3萬多名員工。

There's a lot of burnout and...and especially amongst some workgroups; I'm hearing from folks saying, "I just can't take it anymore."

員工精疲力盡，特別是在某些工作團隊中；我聽到大家說：「我真的無法忍受了。」

Crew shortages are hitting airlines, large and small.

機組人員的短缺正衝擊著大大小小的航空公司。

Alaska Airlines is canceling 2 percent of its flights through June; Delta pilots say they are being pushed to the limit on a regular basis.

阿拉斯加航空公司將在6月前取消2%的班機；達美航空飛行員表示，他們經常被操到極限。

Longer days with shorter nights at home, shorter layovers, and our pilots are tired and fatigued.

白天工作時數更長因而晚上在家時間變短、停留時間更短，我們的飛行員很累、很疲憊。

Pilot reports of fatigue spiked at Southwest Airlines last month.

上個月，西南航空公司飛行員對於疲勞的回報激增。

Their union says the company is struggling to retain its newest hires.

他們的工會說，公司正在努力留住最新的僱員。

This is going to be a...a critical issue, um, em, every month and every year that we move forward.

在我們日後的每一個月和每一年，這都將是一個關鍵問題。

Help comes in the form of sky-high hiring goals.

Delta wants to hire 200 new pilots each month.

達美航空希望每月招聘200 名新飛行員。

JetBlue has already hired 3,000 new crew this year alone.

僅在今年，捷藍航空就已經僱傭了3000 名新船員。

United Airlines came up with a different solution: opening up its own flight school, a first for any major airline in the United States.

美國聯合航空公司想出了一個不同的解決方案：開設自己的飛行學校，這在美國主要航空公司當中，是頭一次。

We can hire pilots at United Airlines, but the regional airlines and smaller airlines all have a real pilot shortage and are having real challenges.

我們可以在聯合航空公司招聘到飛行員，但區域航空公司和較小的航空公司都真的很缺飛行員，我們真的面臨挑戰。

For 10 out of 10, Toby Keith is the oldest dog in the world.

不用懷疑，Toby Keith 世界上最古老的狗。

That's not a knock on the country singer; Toby Keith is also the name of a chihuahua.

我不是在說這位鄉村歌手是狗喔；Toby Keith 同時也是一隻吉娃娃的名字。

This chihuahua, which Guinness World Record says is the oldest canine alive.

這隻吉娃娃是金氏世界紀錄裡現存最古老的犬類。

He was adopted from a shelter a few months after he was born on January 9, 2001, which means Toby Keith recently celebrated his 21st birthday, and he's said to be in good health, though he spends a lot of time sleeping.

牠於2000年1月9日出生，而幾個月後就被人從收容所領養，這代表著Toby Keith 最近剛慶祝了牠的21歲生日，儘管花了很多時間在睡覺，牠的健康狀況良好。

When that dog growls at the door, you better "Let the Old Man In".

當那條狗在門口咆哮時，你最好讓「這個老人進來」。（註：Don't Let the Old Man In 是Toby Keith 的歌）

He's probably thinking, "How Do You Like Me Now?"

他可能在想，「你現在做何感想？」（註：How Do You Like Me Now 是Toby Keith 的歌）

"Every Dog Has Its Day",  I'm "Unleashed", and "I Wanna Talk About Me"; don't "Pull My Chain".

「凡人皆有得意日」，狗也是，我現在「無拘無束」，所以「我想談談自己」；「不要拉我的鏈子」。（註：Every Dog Has Its Day、 Unleashed、I Wanna Talk About Me、Pull My Chain 皆是Toby Keith 的歌）

I was "Made in America" longer ago than any other and I never thought I "Should've Been A Cowboy".

我在美國的時間比其他任何人都長，而且我從不認為我「應該成為一個牛仔」。（註：Made in America、 Should've Been A Cowboy 皆是Toby Keith 的歌）

I'm Carl Azuz; today's shout-out goes out to Mancelona High School.

我是 Carl Azuz；今天我們要向曼塞洛納高中打招呼。

It is great to see you watching from Mancelona, Michigan.

很高興在密西根曼塞洛納看到我們的觀眾。

Our YouTube channel at youtube.com/CNN10 is the only place we look for shout-out schools.

若你希望我們向你說聲哈囉的話，記得到我們的youtube頻道 youtube.com/CNN10 喔。