The sun bronzing your skin, sand trickling between your toes, the sound of waves...

陽光曬著你的皮膚，沙子流淌在你的腳指頭間，海浪的聲音……。

Wait, what?

等等，什麼？

Where did all the water go? Did you see it going out?

海水跑哪去了？你有看到它退潮了嗎？

Better act quickly; in a matter of minutes, you may be underwater.

最好快點行動，因為幾分鐘後，你有可能就會被水吞沒。

Here's how to survive a tsunami, according to science.

這是根據科學，在海嘯中生存的方法。

Tsunamis are triggered by intense underwater activity, usually an earthquake, or an underwater volcanic eruption.

海嘯是由劇烈的海底活動引發，通常是地震或海底火山噴發。

These events displace huge volumes of water, pushing it up from the ocean's floor to its surface.

這些情況會排出大量的水，將其從海底推到海平面。

But when gravity pulls it back down, all this built-up energy is released outwards, forming deadly waves that grow stronger as they ripple across the ocean.

但當重力將其拉回時，所有累積的能量會向外釋放，形成致命的波浪，並隨著它們在海洋中漣漪而變得更巨大。

A tsunami's waves can be 100 kilometers long and, sometimes, taller than 30 meters.

海嘯的波浪能夠長達100公里，高度有時甚至會超過30公尺。

They can travel across whole oceans, moving at the speed of a jet airplane.

它們能夠以噴氣式飛機的速度移動，並穿越整個海洋。

So, with such speed, strength, and stamina, how does anyone stand a chance?

以這樣的速度、強度和耐力，誰會有存活的機會？

Even in a tsunami hazard zone, you can still survive if you know what to do.

即使是在海嘯危險區，如果你知道該怎麼做就可以生存下去。

The first step to survival is to be able to identify the early signs of a tsunami.

生存的第一步是識別海嘯的早期跡象。

The Pacific Ocean is home to volatile tectonic activity, which explains why 75% of the world's volcanic eruptions and 90% of the world's earthquakes occur in the Pacific.

太平洋是不穩定地殼活動的發源地，這解釋了為什麼世界上75%的火山爆發和90%的地震都發生在太平洋。

These geological disturbances are the reason why 85% of all tsunamis happened in the Pacific Ocean.

這些地質干擾是海嘯有85%都發生在太平洋的原因。

In most cases, an earthquake comes before a tsunami, so, if you're near the coast and you experience an earthquake, protect yourself from that first.

在大多數情況下，海嘯之前會先有地震。因此，如果你在海岸附近遇到地震，請先保護自己免受地震的傷害。

But once the shaking stops, move to higher ground as quickly as possible.

一但震動停止，就要盡快移動到地勢較高的地方。

The beach will grow bigger; run the other way!

海灘會變大，往另一個方向跑！

An early sign of an impending tsunami is that water along the coast will recede.

即將發生海嘯的早期跡象是沿海的水會往後退。

It pulls back and exposes the sea floor.

它往後退並露出海床。

Do not go to the beach to investigate.

不要跑去海灘檢查。

You'll only be putting yourself at risk for when the water surges back.

當海水湧回來時，你會讓自己身陷危險之中。

Instead, head in the opposite direction.

要朝相反的方向前進。

Try to get as far as 3.5 kilometers from the ocean or 30 meters above sea level to ensure your safety.

盡量遠離海洋3.5公里或到海拔30公尺以上的地方，以確保你的安全。

Get to the highest elevation possible.

盡可能前往最高海拔的地區。

Tsunamis travel quickly, and you may not have enough time to clear the hazard zone.

海嘯行進速度很快，你可能沒有足夠的時間越過危險區域。

In this case, look for a tall building with a sturdy concrete foundation.

在這種情況下，尋找一個具有堅固混凝土基礎的高層建築。

If you see one nearby, run inside and get to the roof as quickly as possible.

如果你在附近看到一個建築物，就盡快跑進去並前往屋頂。

If you can't make it to a building in time, your best bet is to grab onto something and hold on.

如果你不能及時趕到建築物，最好的辦法就是緊抓住一些東西並堅持住。

Though that might not sound very practical, hold the eye-roll for a moment.

雖然聽起來不太實際，但先別不耐煩。

In the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, an Indonesian woman was finally rescued after holding onto a palm tree for 5 days straight.

2004年的印度洋海嘯中，一名印尼婦女在持續抓著一棵棕櫚樹長達5天後，才終於獲救。

While it isn't ideal, if you can't get to higher ground in time, you need to find something to hold on to.

儘管並不理想，但如果你不能及時到達更高的地方，你就需要找一些能夠緊緊抓著的東西。

As the tsunami moves inland, it will sweep tons of debris along with it.

隨著海嘯往內陸移動，它會沖走成噸的破瓦殘礫。

This can be very dangerous, as the accumulation of debris traveling at high speeds become fatal obstacles for anyone who's caught in the current.

這會非常危險，因為高速移動的碎片累積物對任何困在水中的人來說都是致命的障礙。

However, many tsunami victims have been saved by climbing onto detached roofs or holding on tightly to floating cars or other large objects.

然而，許多海嘯受害者透過爬上分離的屋頂或緊緊抓住漂浮的汽車或其他大型物體而獲救。

Of course, if you've made it this far, your troubles aren't over yet.

當然，就算你做到這一步，你的困境還是沒有結束。

A tsunami isn't one wave, but a series of waves known as a tsunami wave train.

海嘯並不是單一的波浪，而是一連串被稱為海嘯波列的波浪。

Waves may be anywhere from 5 minutes apart to an hour apart.

波浪的間隔可能從五分鐘到一個小時不等。

And be aware that the first wave that hits isn't always the strongest.

要注意的是第一波浪潮並不會是最強的。

So, even when you think it's over, stay where you're safe until you hear from local officials.

因此，就算你認為一切都結束了，還是要留在安全的地方，直到收到當地官方的消息。

It goes without saying, tsunamis are terrifying.

不用說，海嘯是很可怕的。

And when a 30-meter wave is hurtling towards you at 800 kilometers per hour, you're probably feeling pretty helpless.

當一個30公尺的海浪以每小時800公里的速度衝向你時，你可能會覺得非常無助。

But, have faith in science, trust empirical research, and you'll see there's always a way out.

但是相信科學和觀察研究，你就能找到活下去的方法。

We'll keep showing you, one episode at a time, on According to Science.

我們會用一次一集的方式繼續告訴你，就在 According to Science。