Name: 喬治-奧威爾--永不放棄的真理|1984年 (George Orwell - Never Abandon the Truth | 1984)
Uploaded: 2022-01-14T17:40:26.000Z
Duration: 8 min 41 s

to 不定詞

Throughout his novel /1984/, Orwell maintains that in order to protect yourself from the

在他的小說/1984/中，奧威爾堅持認為，為了保護自己免受

頻率副詞

authoritarian, you must never abandon the truth.

The authoritarian wants absolute power over you, and one of the things they need to achieve

獨裁者希望對你擁有絕對的權力，而他們需要實現的一個目標是

How does holding on to the truth protect you from the authoritarian?

堅持真理如何保護你免受專制主義的影響？

That's what I'm interested in exploring, and as always, I'm gonna explore this idea

這就是我感興趣的探索，和以往一樣，我將探索這個想法

The following is a conversation between a monk (M) and a student (S).

下面是一個和尚（M）和一個學生（S）之間的對話。

M: If you wanna protect yourself from the authoritarian, never abandon the truth.

M：如果你想保護自己不受獨裁者的影響，就永遠不要放棄真理。

S: Well, before I can even decide whether to abandon it or not, I need to know something:

S:好吧，在我決定是否放棄它之前，我需要知道一些事情。

M: Truth is the only way to get what you want.

M: 真相是獲得你想要的東西的唯一途徑。

Can't I lie to you in order to get what I want from you?

我不能為了從你那裡得到我想要的東西而對你撒謊嗎？

M: You can, but you're not understanding what I mean by the truth.

M：你可以，但你沒有理解我說的真相是什麼意思。

Let's say I wanna walk to a particular point across the room.

比方說，我想走到房間對面的一個特定點。

There are several ways I can get to that point.

我有幾種方法可以達到這個目的。

首先，我可以直接走到它那裡。

或者，我可以走一條間接的道路。

I can walk around the room until I eventually arrive at the point.

我可以在房間裡走來走去，直到最終到達那個點。

And the truth contains all of those ways.

/So truth is all of the ways you can reach your goal./

/所以，真理是你能達到目標的所有方法。

S: Hmm… all of the ways I can reach my goal.

S：嗯......所有我可以達到目標的方法。

So we could say the truth /is/ what works, and in fact, it is the /only/ thing that works!

是以，我們可以說，真理/是/是有效的，事實上，它是/唯一/有效的東西!

So if you wanna get something from me and lying helps you get it, then that's the

所以，如果你想從我這裡得到一些東西，而撒謊能幫助你得到它，那麼這就是

Rather, it's more like a road between where you are and where you wanna be.

相反，它更像是你所在的地方和你想去的地方之間的一條道路。

If you travel down that road, then you arrive at the point where you wanna be.

如果你沿著這條道路走下去，那麼你就會到達你想去的地方。

是以，想象一下桌子上有一個杯子。

Let's say you wanna move that cup across the table.

比方說，你想把那個杯子移到桌子對面。

There's the present: that's where the cup is now.

那裡是現在：那是杯子現在的位置。

And there's the future: that's where you want the cup to be.

還有就是未來：那是你希望杯具的地方。

Now there are several ways you can get that cup from where it is to where you want it

現在有幾種方法可以讓杯子從原地到你想要的地方。

You can drag the cup across the table, you can lift it up and put it down, you can call

你可以在桌子上拖動杯子，你可以把它抬起來又放下，你可以叫

a friend and ask them to move it for you, and so on.

一個朋友並要求他們為你移動它，以此類推。

There are several /roads/ you can take to get the cup to where you want it to be.

你可以走幾條路，把杯子送到你想要的地方。

But there are other roads, that if you take them, won't get the cup to where you want

但也有其他的路，如果你走了，也不會把杯子帶到你想要的地方。

For example, you can't just knock the cup off the table and expect it to be where you

例如，你不能只是把杯子從桌子上打下來，然後期望它在你的位置上。

When you take the right roads, which is to walk the truth, you get what you want, but

當你走正確的道路，也就是走真理的時候，你會得到你想要的東西，但

when you take the wrong roads, which is to walk falsehood, you don't get what you want.

當你走錯了路，也就是走虛偽的路，你就得不到你想要的東西。

So when we began talking, you told me that if I wanted to protect myself from the authoritarian,

是以，當我們開始交談時，你告訴我，如果我想保護自己不受獨裁者的影響。

M: If you reject evidence that contradicts your current beliefs, that means you have

男：如果你拒絕與你目前的信念相矛盾的證據，這意味著你有

S: Why does the authoritarian want me to abandon truth?

S:為什麼獨裁者要我放棄真理？

Once you're dependent on them, they can make you do and believe whatever they want.

一旦你依賴他們，他們就可以讓你做任何事，相信任何事。

S: But how will they make me dependent on them?

S：但他們會如何讓我依賴他們？

M: If you abandon the truth, you will have no choice.

男：如果你放棄真理，你將別無選擇。

S: How does abandoning truth make me dependent on them?

S: 拋棄真理如何使我依賴他們？

M: Because once you abandon truth, you reject any evidence that contradicts your current

M: 因為一旦你放棄了真理，你就會拒絕任何與你目前的情況相矛盾的證據。

And once you start rejecting evidence that contradicts your beliefs, you stop being able

而一旦你開始拒絕與你的信念相矛盾的證據，你就不再能夠

And once you stop learning, you start losing the ability to take care of yourself.

而一旦你停止學習，你就開始失去照顧自己的能力。

And once you start losing the ability to take care of yourself, you look to others to take

而一旦你開始失去照顧自己的能力，你就會期待別人來照顧你。

And when others are in a position of care over you, they have immense power over you.

而當別人處於對你的照顧位置時，他們對你有巨大的權力。

And it's the authoritarians dream for you to be in their care, because once they have

而讓你接受他們的照顧是專制者的夢想，因為一旦他們擁有了

you, they have every intention of abusing their power.

你，他們完全打算濫用他們的權力。

They'll make you do and believe whatever they want.

他們會讓你做什麼，相信什麼。

M: When you hold on to the truth, you acknowledge any evidence that contradicts your current

男：當你堅持真理的時候，你會承認任何與你目前的情況相矛盾的證據。

You use that contradiction to learn and expand your mind.

你利用這種矛盾來學習和擴大你的思想。

And as your knowledge grows, you get better and better at taking care of yourself.

而隨著你的知識的增長，你在照顧自己方面會越來越好。

And as you get better at taking care of yourself, you become more independent.

隨著你在照顧自己方面變得更好，你會變得更加獨立。

And when you become independent, no one can have absolute power over you.

而當你變得獨立時，沒有人可以對你有絕對的權力。

Independence is the greatest threat to the authoritarian, because it undermines the source

獨立性是對專制主義的最大威脅，因為它破壞了專制主義的來源。

S: So dependence is the source of the authoritarian's power?

S：所以依賴性是專制者的權力來源？

A baby is completely dependent on its parents, and practically speaking, the parents have

嬰兒完全依賴其父母，實際上，父母有

But as the baby grows up, it becomes educated.

但隨著嬰兒的長大，它變得有教養。

And as it becomes more and more educated, it learns to take care of itself.

而且隨著它變得越來越有教養，它學會了照顧自己。

And this independence decreases the power that the parents have over it.

而這種獨立性減少了父母對它的權力。

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喬治-奧威爾--永不放棄的真理|1984年 (George Orwell - Never Abandon the Truth | 1984)

perspective

eventually

present

evidence