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You've probably all seen an exit sign before and have a pretty good idea of what one looks like, but how an exit sign looks differs depending on where you live.
你們可能都有看過逃生出口標誌,也理解標誌看起來的樣子,但根據你住的地方在哪,逃生出口標誌也會有所不同。
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However, there is one design that most designers agree is the best and most effective.
無論如何,只有一個設計是大多設計師都認同是最好且最有效的標誌。
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That's the ISO graphic symbol for emergency exits, designed by Japanese graphic designer Yukio Ota.
那就是 ISO 緊急逃生出口的標誌,是由日本圖案設計師太田幸夫所設計。
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Well, I should say, most of us outside of the US agree that it's the best.
我應該說美國以外的人都認為那個標誌是最好的。
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If you live in the US, or maybe elsewhere, you may be skeptical, but I'm here to try to convince you otherwise.
如果你住在美國或其他地方,你可能會有疑慮,所以我在這要用其他方法說服你。
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In the late 1970s, a Japanese fire safety association held a contest for a new national exit sign design.
在 1970 年代晚期,日本消防安全協會舉辦了一個為全國設計逃生出口標誌的比賽。
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Entries underwent extensive user testing to evaluate their effectiveness in smokey environments.
參賽作品要接受大量的實用性測試,評估它們在濃煙環境下的有效性。
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The winner, among over 3,000 entries, was Yukio Ota's design.
在 3,000 多件作品中,勝出者是太田幸夫的作品。
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Ota's primary design philosophy is to create universal symbols that transcend language barriers.
幸夫最初的設計理念是創造出能夠跨越語言隔閡的通用標誌。
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That vision, at least for this particular design, was realized in 1985 when ISO, the International Organization for Standardization, adopted the Japanese exit sign as a part of their standards for safety signs.
對於這種特殊設計而言,這個願望實現了。1985 年,國際標準化組織採用日本的逃生出口標誌,並作為他們的安全標誌標準。
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ISO was founded in 1947 to unify standards across nations and better facilitate international trade.
ISO 成立於 1947 年,用意在統一各國標準,並促進更好地國際貿易。
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There are ISO standards for just about everything, from the classifications of shipping containers to standards for brewing tea.
從運輸容器的分類到泡茶的標準,幾乎所有東西都有 ISO 標準。
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Ota's design is now used all over the world.
現在幸夫的設計被廣泛運用在全球。
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Certain regions sometimes use a variation it, but essentially, the green and white running figure can be found everywhere from China to Czech Republic to France and to Canada.
某些地區會使用變化版,但其實在中國、捷克、法國和加拿大都能看到白底小綠人跑步的圖案。
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So, why is this a good design?
為什麼這是一個好的設計?
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Well, first, it's doesn't require you to know the language the sign happens to be in.
首先,你不用知道標誌上使用的語言。
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Our world is becoming increasingly globalized.
我們的世界正在變得更全球化。
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I live in a city with a pretty large immigrant population who aren't all fluent in English.
我所在的城市有一大批英文講得不是很流利的移民人口。
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But maybe you think, "If someone is moving to a new country, they should learn basic words like 'exit".”
但或許你會想「如果有人搬去一個新的國家,他們應該要學基本語言,像『出口』。」
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Okay, yes, probably.
或許要吧。
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But what about tourists, young children, and people with reading-related disabilities?
但對遊客、小孩和有閱讀障礙的人來說呢?
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Overall, a pictogram-based sign is just more accessible.
整體來說,一個圖案為基礎的標誌是較好理解的。
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But why is this particular design better than other pictogram based signs?
但為什麼這個特別的標誌會比其他以圖案為基礎的標誌好呢?
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Well, because it's a simple design, but it communicates a lot.
因為就算這只是一個簡單的圖案,還是能夠說出許多事。
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The figure appears to be running out of a doorway, but running steadily and calmly as opposed to sprinting and rushing.
人的圖案似乎要從門往外跑,但跑得穩定又冷靜,而不是衝撞和奔跑。
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Because, in an emergency, you want people to move swiftly, but without panicking.
因為在緊急情下中,你會希望人們不要恐慌,而是要迅速地移動。
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According to Ota, they finessed the design back and forth 58 times before settling on the final design.
根據幸夫所說,他們在決定最終設計之前,前前後後共優化了 58 次。
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As designers, we're often accused of squabbling over seemingly tiny details.
身為設計師,我們很常被指控說為了看似微小的細節而爭吵。
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Yeah, I'll admit, some of us are probably a little crazy.
對,我承認是,有些設計師可能有點瘋。
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But it's mostly because these details matter.
但大多是因為這些細節很重要。
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It's our job is to communicate design intent to the end user in the most simple and direct way.
我們的工作是以最簡單和直接的方式,將最終設計目的傳達給客戶。
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And, in this particular context of developing an international design for emergency situations, no small detail should be overlooked.
在這個為國際在緊急情況時設計的特殊背景下,不應忽視任何小細節。
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Lastly, there is the debate about color.
最近有一個關於配色的討論。
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A key aspect of good design is providing users with consistent expectations.
一個好作品的關鍵模樣是讓客戶有一致性的期待。
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Most exit signs in the US and Canada are red.
在美國、加拿大的逃生標誌多為紅色。
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However, red is usually used to represent concepts like "Danger", "Stop", and "Do Not Enter".
然而紅色通常會被用來呈現「危險」、「停止」、「禁止進入」的概念。
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So, it's kind of inconsistent to also use red to represent "Go that way; it's safe".
所以用紅色來表示「走這邊;是安全的」會有種矛盾感。
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I live in Canada where traditional exit signs are the red EXIT or SORTIE signs.
我住在加拿大,這裡傳統的逃生和出口標誌都是紅色的。
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But, in 2010, the National Building Code finally adopted the ISO exit design.
但在 2010 年時,國家建築法規終於採用了 ISO 的逃生出口標誌。
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It is now mandatory in new buildings or buildings undergoing extensive renovation.
現在的新建築或在大翻修的建築都要強制安裝。
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So, why doesn't the US adopt the ISO sign?
那為什麼美國不採用 ISO 標誌呢?
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Well, it's hard to say.
這很難說。
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Maybe it's because the US is a lot more monolingual than countries in Europe and Asia.
或許是因為比起歐洲和亞洲,美國有很多只會說單一語言的人。
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And maybe that's why Canada eventually caught on, since we have two official languages.
這或許也是加拿大最後跟進的原因,因為我們有兩個官方語言。
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I don't really know.
我不知道欸。
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If you live in the US, leave a comment.
如果你住美國,在底下留言告訴我。
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And maybe you live in a place where the exit sign looks different than any of the one I've shown.
或許我展示的逃生標誌跟你所住的地方看起來不太一樣。
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I'd love to see them; let me know in the comments below.
在底下留言告訴我,我想看看是長怎樣。
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Speaking of Canada and fire emergencies, did you know the Canadian government deliberately burned down a village in 1958?
說到加拿大和火災,你知道加拿大政府在 1958 年時故意燒毀了一座村莊嗎?
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To learn more about that, why don't we head over to Tom Scott's channel...
想知道更多的話,那就去 Tom Scott 的頻道吧。
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Hi!
嗨!
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... where he dies.
他跑去哪了。
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I'm fine. I'm fine.
我很好。
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Slippy down there.
往下滑。