Hello, this is six minute English from BBC Learning English, I'm Neil and I'm Sam When Neil and I record six minute English, face to face in the BBC Learning English studio, which I'm happy to say we are doing right now.

大家好，這裡是BBC學習英語的六分鐘英語，我是尼爾，我是山姆。當尼爾和我在BBC學習英語的演播室裡面對面地錄製六分鐘英語時，我很高興地說，我們現在就在做。

We look at each other as we speak.

我們邊說邊看著對方。

We smile and use hand gestures and facial expressions in a type of communication called body language.

我們微笑，使用手勢和麵部表情，這是一種叫做身體語言的交流方式。

But during the covid pandemic, everyday meetings with work colleagues, teachers and friends and six minute english recordings all moved online.

但在covid大流行期間，與工作同事、老師和朋友的日常會議以及六分鐘的英語錄音都轉移到了網上。

Video meetings using software like zoom and Skype became the normal way to communicate with family and friends and whatever happens with Covid in the future.

使用變焦和Skype等軟件的視頻會議成為與家人和朋友溝通的正常方式，無論Covid在未來發生什麼。

It seems they're here to stay in this program.

看來他們在這個項目中是要留下來的。

We'll be asking how has body language changed in the world of online video meetings will meet the person who wrote the rule book for clear communication in the digital age.

我們會問，在在線視頻會議的世界裡，肢體語言發生了怎樣的變化，將會見到為數字時代的清晰溝通寫下規則書的人。

Erica Darwin, author of a new book, Digital Body Language.

埃裡卡-達爾文，新書《數字身體語言》的作者。

Before that, I have a question for you Sam and it's about Erica Darwin.

在此之前，我有一個問題要問你，山姆，是關於埃裡卡-達爾文的。

She may be a communications expert now, but growing up in pennsylvania, she was a shy and quiet schoolgirl.

她現在可能是一個通信專家，但在賓夕法尼亞州長大的她是一個害羞和安靜的女學生。

So how did Erica beat her shyness and become the confident communicator she is today.

那麼，艾麗卡是如何戰勝自己的羞澀，成為今天這樣自信的交流者的呢。

Did she a attend public speaking classes, Be copy the body language of the cool kids at school or see raise her hand to answer the teacher's questions even if she didn't know the answer our guests see she raised her hand to answer the teacher's questions.

她是否上過公開演講課，是否模仿過學校裡那些很酷的孩子的肢體語言，是否看到她舉手回答老師的問題，即使她不知道答案，我們的客人看到她舉手回答老師的問題。

Ok, Sam will reveal the correct answer.

好的，山姆將揭曉正確答案。

Later in the program.

在節目的後期。

In face to face meetings.

在面對面的會議中。

We immediately see someone's reaction to what we said through eye contact, where two people look into each other's eyes as they talk.

我們通過眼神接觸立即看到某人對我們所說的話的反應，即兩個人在談話時看著對方的眼睛。

Unfortunately, using a web camera to make eye contact is almost impossible in online meetings and this often creates a kind of distancing effect.

不幸的是，在網上會議中，使用網絡攝像頭進行眼神交流幾乎是不可能的，這往往會產生一種疏遠的效果。

Erica Darwin makes several suggestions to help with this, see if you can hear the final suggestions she makes to Michael Rosen as purse of BBC Radio four word of mouth and last but not least slow down.

埃裡卡-達爾文提出了幾個建議來幫助解決這個問題，看看你是否能聽到她向邁克爾-羅森提出的最後建議，作為英國廣播公司第四臺口碑的負責人，最後但並非最不重要的是放慢速度。

Remember when it was completely normal to have a one minute pause in a room with one another because we knew we were thinking and brainstorming.

記得當時在一個房間裡彼此停頓一分鐘是完全正常的，因為我們知道我們在思考和頭腦風暴。

If we don't hear someone speak on video, we has them.

如果我們沒有在視頻中聽到某人的講話，我們就有了他們。

If they're on mute practice what I call the five second rule, wait five seconds before speaking to make sure individuals have time to process the ideas, especially if they're maybe technology or accessibility issues.

如果他們處於靜音狀態，就實行我所說的五秒鐘規則，在發言前等待五秒鐘，以確保個人有時間處理這些想法，特別是如果他們也許是技術或無障礙問題。

Did you hear Erica's last piece of advice Neil?

你聽到埃裡卡的最後一條建議了嗎，尼爾？

Yes, she recommends slowing down something We do naturally face to face when we're thinking or brainstorming.

是的，她建議放慢一些 我們在思考或集思廣益時自然會面對面地做。

That's discussing suggestions with a group of people to come up with new ideas or to solve problems, slowing down gives us time to process new information to understand it by thinking carefully and reflecting on it.

那就是與一群人討論建議，提出新的想法或解決問題，放慢速度使我們有時間處理新的資訊，通過仔細思考和反思來理解它。

Erica compares online body language to learning a new language.

艾麗卡將在線肢體語言比作學習一種新的語言。

It takes practice, especially when it comes to smiling and laughing something Michael Rosen finds hard to do in video meetings.

這需要練習，特別是當涉及到微笑和大笑時，邁克爾-羅森發現在視頻會議中很難做到。

Listen to him discussing this problem with Erica Darwin for BBC Radio 4's word of mouth.

請聽他與艾麗卡-達爾文為英國廣播公司第四臺的口碑節目討論這個問題。

Do you think it's killing off people laughing and smiling and the way we do when we're all together in the live situation?

你認為它正在扼殺人們的笑聲和微笑，以及我們在現場一起時的方式嗎？

I would say that it is much less likely that we laugh and smile on camera for a few reasons.

我想說的是，我們在鏡頭前大笑和微笑的可能性要小得多，有幾個原因。

# one laughing is often done in unison, where we can quickly pick up the energy of someone smiling or laughing and feed off of that and laugh ourselves when it comes to screen delays the fact that it's not natural to see our own camera being distracted by that we are much less likely to laugh and smile.

#一個人的笑聲往往是齊聲的，我們可以迅速地捕捉到別人微笑或大笑的能量，並以此為基礎，自己也會笑，當它出現在螢幕上的時候，我們看到自己的相機被分心的事實是不自然的，我們更不可能笑和微笑。

One of the ways we can overcome this is by creating intentional moments in our meetings for the water cooler effect.

我們可以克服這個問題的方法之一是在會議中有意創造出水冷效應的時刻。

Erica points out that laughing often happens in unison together and at the same time, Yes, if someone starts laughing, it makes me laugh too.

艾麗卡指出，笑聲往往是在一起一致發生的，同時，是的，如果有人開始笑，就會讓我也笑。

She also thinks it's important to make time for employees to chat informally about things unrelated to work the weekend plans or last night's tv show.

她還認為，為員工騰出時間來非正式地談論與工作無關的事情，如週末的計劃或昨晚的電視節目，這很重要。

And she uses the expression the water cooler effect, which comes from the United States, where office workers sometimes meet at the water fountain to chat.

她還使用了 "飲水機效應 "的說法，這來自於美國，那裡的辦公室工作人員有時會在飲水機前聚會哈拉。

So the water cooler effect refers to informal conversations that people have in their office or workplace, maybe in the lift the office kitchen or if there is one by an actual water cooler, Erica Darwin seems very comfortable communicating online, but she's had lots of time to practice since her school days.

是以，飲水機效應指的是人們在辦公室或工作場所進行的非正式談話，也許是在電梯裡，辦公室的廚房裡，或者如果有一個真正的飲水機旁，艾麗卡-達爾文似乎非常喜歡在網上交流，但她從學生時代就有很多時間來練習。

Yes Neil in your quiz question, you asked how Erica conquered her shyness at school?

是的，尼爾在你的問答題中，你問埃裡卡是如何在學校裡征服她的羞澀的？

I guess that she raised her hand to answer the teacher's questions.

我猜，她舉手是為了回答老師的問題。

It was a good guess sam but the correct answer is b she copied the body language of her cool teenage classmates.

這是一個很好的猜測，但正確的答案是B，她模仿了她那些很酷的青少年同學的身體語言。

So probably lots of rolled eyes and slouching.

所以可能會有很多翻白眼和懶散的行為。

Okay, let's recap the vocabulary from this program about online body language, non verbal ways of communicating.

好吧，讓我們回顧一下這個節目中關於在線肢體語言的詞彙，非語言溝通方式。

Using the body eye contact is when two people look at each other's eyes at the same time, brainstorming involves a group discussion to generate new ideas or solutions.

使用身體的眼神接觸是指兩個人同時看著對方的眼睛，頭腦風暴涉及小組討論以產生新的想法或解決方案。

When we process information, we think about it carefully in order to understand it in unison, means happening together and at the same time.

當我們處理資訊時，我們會仔細思考，以便在一致的情況下理解它，也就是在同一時間一起發生。

And finally the water cooler effect is an american expression to describe informal conversations between people at work, Neil is looking at his watch, which is body language that tells me are six minutes are up, goodbye for now.

最後，"飲水機效應 "是美國的一種說法，用來描述工作中人們之間的非正式談話，尼爾正在看他的手錶，這是一種身體語言，告訴我六分鐘到了，暫時告辭。

Goodbye.

再見。