This is news review from BBC learning english.

這是BBC學習英語的新聞評論。

I'm rob.

我是劫匪。

And joining me today is Neil hi neal hello rob.

今天加入我的行列的是尼爾-嗨-尼爾-哈羅。

Hello everybody.

大家好。

Uh if you want to test yourself on the vocabulary in this program, there is a quiz on our website at BBC learning english dot com.

呃，如果你想測試自己在這個節目中的詞彙，在我們的網站BBC learning english dot com上有一個小測驗。

But now let's find out some more about the story from this BBC news bulletin.

但現在讓我們從這份BBC新聞公告中瞭解更多關於這個故事的資訊。

A lockdown has come into force in Austria for anyone over the age of 12 who hasn't been fully vaccinated against COVID-19.

在奧地利，對任何12歲以上尚未完全接種COVID-19疫苗的人都已開始實行禁閉。

Around two million people who haven't received their jabs are no longer allowed to leave home for non essential purposes, but they can still exercise by food and go to work.

大約200萬沒有接受過疫苗注射的人不再被允許為非必要的目的離開家，但他們仍然可以通過食物鍛鍊和去工作。

The country is facing a record surge in cases.

該國正面臨著創紀錄的案件激增。

Okay, as you have just heard, there has been a large increase in the number of people infected with COVID-19 in Austria and the government has responded by A lockdown, but only for people who haven't had a COVID-19 vaccination.

好的，正如你們剛才聽到的，在奧地利，感染COVID-19的人數大量增加，政府的反應是A封鎖，但只針對沒有接種過COVID-19疫苗的人。

This is the first government in the world to take such action.

這是世界上第一個採取這種行動的政府。

So if you haven't had a vaccination, you have to stay at home and you can't go out except for work or to buy food.

是以，如果你沒有接種過疫苗，你就必須呆在家裡，除了工作或購買食物，你不能出去。

Um The rate of vaccination in Austria is actually quite low compared to the rest of Western Europe at around 65%.

嗯 奧地利的疫苗接種率與西歐其他國家相比實際上相當低，約為65%。

And we've got three words and expressions we can use to talk about this story, What are they please Neil yes, we have surge plunges.

而我們有三個詞和表達方式可以用來談論這個故事，它們是什麼請尼爾是的，我們有激增的暴跌。

And on the cards.

而在卡片上。

So that surge plunges and on the cards And these words come from news headlines.

是以，暴漲暴跌，在卡片上 而這些話來自於新聞頭條。

What is your first headline please?

請問你的第一個標題是什麼？

First headline comes from the Independent, which is a british newspaper and it reads Austria to impose lockdown on everyone who isn't fully vaccinated.

第一個標題來自《獨立報》，這是一份英國報紙，內容是：奧地利將對所有未完全接種疫苗的人實施封鎖。

As covid cases surge.

隨著ovid案件的激增。

Okay, that's surge increase suddenly.

好吧，那是突然的激增。

Yes, spelt S U r G e.

是的，拼成S U r G e。

The word in this headline is a verb and if something surges, it means there is a sudden dramatic increase of some kind.

這個標題中的詞是一個動詞，如果某物湧現，就意味著有某種突然的急劇增加。

So for example in this headline is increase in the number of people infected with an illness.

是以，例如在這個標題中，感染某種疾病的人數增加。

Are we just talking about covid and viruses?

我們只是在談論covid和病毒嗎？

When we talk about a search, know when something surges.

當我們談到搜索時，要知道什麼時候有東西涌現。

It's not just about illnesses, for example, groups of people or crowds can surge.

這不僅僅是疾病的問題，例如，一群人或人群會激增。

Most people have had that experience of being at a large sporting event or a concert when the doors open and people rush through, that is a crowd surging um often with dangerous and sometimes with dangerous consequences as we saw tragically in the United States recently.

大多數人都有過這樣的經歷：在大型體育賽事或音樂會上，當門打開，人們匆匆走過，那是人群湧動嗯，往往會有危險，有時會有危險的後果，正如我們最近在美國看到的悲劇。

But there's this sense of there being a lot of something going through suddenly through through it through an area or through a population in the case of the covid infection.

但是有這樣一種感覺，即有很多東西突然通過它通過一個地區或通過一個人口的情況下，ovid感染。

And we've got to be careful because we have a verb form and a noun form of this word.

我們必須小心，因為這個詞有一個動詞形式和一個名詞形式。

Is that right?

是這樣嗎？

That's right.

這就對了。

So in the headline it's a verb but we can also use the word surge as a noun.

是以，在標題中它是一個動詞，但我們也可以把激增這個詞作為一個名詞。

A surge.

洶湧澎湃。

So there has been a surge in Covid cases in Austria.

是以，奧地利的Covid病例激增。

We can talk about a surge at a football match or at a concert when lots of people move in the same direction at the same time.

我們可以談一談在足球比賽或音樂會上，當很多人同時向同一方向移動時的湧動情況。

We can also talk about a power surge, can't we?

我們也可以談一談電湧，不是嗎？

Yeah, A power surges when too much electricity travels through the system.

是的，當太多的電力通過系統時，就會出現電湧。

The network often again just like the crowd search with potentially dangerous or negative consequences.

網絡往往又像人群搜索一樣，有潛在的危險或消極後果。

It could overpower a building for example.

例如，它可以壓倒一個建築物。

And you can end up with a power cut or damage to some of the, some of the gadgets and equipment.

而你最終可能會出現斷電或損壞一些，一些小工具和設備的情況。

And also, I've heard in economic terms uh surge in house prices when house prices increase quite quickly quite suddenly and again, that is to do with sudden dramatic increases.

還有，我聽說在經濟方面，呃，當房價增長相當快相當突然的時候，房價激增，同樣，這也是與突然的大幅增長有關。

And the word itself contains an element of drama.

而這個詞本身就包含了一個戲劇性的元素。

So of course headline writers like to use these types of words because you know, it's not possible to have an undramatic surge.

是以，標題作者當然喜歡使用這些類型的詞，因為你知道，不可能有不激動的激增。

There is drama inherent in the word surge.

激增這個詞本身就有戲劇性。

Very true.

非常正確。

Okay, thanks for that.

好的，謝謝你的提醒。

Let's have a summary of that word.

讓我們對這個詞做個總結。

Yeah.

是的。

Mm.

嗯。

Of course.

當然了。

We've talked quite a bit about Covid here on news review and in our other programs and last year we made a program, six minute english all about Will Covid change our cities.

我們在新聞評論和其他節目中已經談了很多關於Covid的內容，去年我們做了一個節目，六分鐘的英文，都是關於Covid能否改變我們的城市。

It's an interesting listen, where can people watch and listen to it Neil?

這是一個有趣的聽覺，人們在哪裡可以看到和聽到它尼爾？

Yeah, it's really fascinating this idea that a disease can change the way our cities look, All you have to do is click on the link below, down below.

是的，這種想法真的很吸引人，一種疾病可以改變我們城市的面貌，你所要做的就是點擊下面的鏈接，在下面。

Okay fantastic.

好的太棒了。

Okay let's have a look at your next headline please.

好吧，讓我們看看你的下一個標題，請。

Yes.

是的。

The next headline comes from the Evening Standard which is from the U.

下一個標題來自《標準晚報》，它來自美國。

K.

K.

A.

A.

London based newspaper.

位於倫敦的報紙。

And the headline is Austria plunges unvaccinated into lockdown.

而標題是奧地利讓未接種疫苗的人陷入禁閉。

That's plunges moves quickly into something.

這是將動作迅速地投入到一些東西中。

Yes that's plunges.

是的，這就是暴跌。

P L U N G E S verb again here, plunges and as you say rob it means something moving from one place to another.

P L U N G E S動詞在這裡再次出現，plunges，就像你說的搶，它意味著東西從一個地方移動到另一個地方。

Usually downward.

通常是向下的。

Uh for example, do you like swimming rob?

呃，比如說，你喜歡游泳搶嗎？

Yes I do like swimming.

是的，我確實喜歡游泳。

Yes, particularly the summer.

是的，特別是夏天。

Of course.

當然了。

Yeah.

是的。

You a diver.

你是一個潛水員。

Well I'm not a professional diver but I do like to plunge into the cool waters of the sea on a hot summer's day or plunge into a swimming pool.

我不是一個專業的潛水員，但我確實喜歡在炎熱的夏天跳進涼爽的海水裡，或者跳進游泳池。

That's right.

這就對了。

So plunge has this sense of falling dramatically into something.

是以，"暴跌 "有這種戲劇性地落入某種事物的感覺。

Yeah.

是的。

Is it always downwards when you're plunging like a like water over a waterfall?

當你像瀑布上的水一樣急劇下降時，它總是向下的嗎？

Is it going down?

它在下降嗎？

Yes.

是的。

It is yeah.

它是的。

It's going down a person who plunges into water goes from one position up higher down into a lower position but in this headline we're not exactly going from a high position to a low position, are we?

一個人跳進水裡，就會從一個較高的位置下降到一個較低的位置，但在這個標題中，我們並不完全是從一個高的位置到一個低的位置，是嗎？

No it's interesting isn't it?

不，這很有趣，不是嗎？

Going from um having freedom into into a lockdown there's no physical direction in that but we're thinking figuratively here.

從擁有自由到被封鎖，這裡面沒有物理方向，但我們在這裡想的是比喻。

So we use the word plunge because probably emotionally it's a downward thing to do, to go from freedom to lock down.

是以，我們使用 "暴跌 "這個詞，因為從情感上來說，從自由到鎖定是一件向下的事情。

So that's why the word plunge is appropriate here.

是以，這就是為什麼在這裡使用 "暴跌 "一詞是合適的。

Okay.

好的。

And like our previous word, there's a verb form and a noun form.

和我們前面的詞一樣，有一個動詞形式和一個名詞形式。

Yes, we plunge into something or we can, here's a set expression.

是的，我們投身於一些事情，或者我們可以，這裡有一個固定的表達。

Take a plunge or take the plunge.

鋌而走險或鋌而走險。

Yes, I'm familiar with that one.

是的，我很熟悉這個人。

Take a plunge, which is when you, you end up after thinking about something for a long time, you make a decision to do something, maybe a career change.

冒險，就是當你，你在考慮了很久之後，最終決定做一件事，也許是改變職業。

You eventually want to take the plunge.

你最終會想要鋌而走險。

That's right, yes.

這是正確的，是的。

Um if you are not sure about something, there might be uncertain consequences just like diving into deep water that you're not sure of.

嗯，如果你對某件事情不確定，可能會有不確定的後果，就像潛入你不確定的深水中一樣。

We can say that you take the plunge, you decide to take that difficult decision into an unknown future.

我們可以說，你採取了大膽的行動，你決定採取這一困難的決定，進入一個未知的未來。

So for example, rob.

是以，例如，搶劫。

I know you've always wanted to join the circus, haven't you?

我知道你一直想加入馬戲團，不是嗎？

Oh yes.

哦，是的。

Always wanted to be a clown.

一直想成為一個小丑。

Yes.

是的。

Do you think you'll take the plunge and you know, leave BBC learning english and uh, you know, clown around for a living?

你認為你會鋌而走險，你知道，離開BBC學習英語，呃，你知道，為了生活而四處打鬧嗎？

Yeah, well, I'm still do that anyway, but I mean, I'll have a think about it.

是啊，反正我還是要做，但我的意思是，我會考慮一下。

I think before I make that decision before I take the plunge?

我想，在我做出這個決定之前，我是否要冒這個險？

Yeah.

是的。

Very, very wise.

非常，非常明智。

Okay.

好的。

Should we take the plunge now and have a look at the summary of that word.

我們現在是否應該鋌而走險，看一看這個詞的摘要。

Thank you.

謝謝你。

Yeah.

是的。

So we've been talking about water plunging over waterfalls.

所以我們一直在討論水從瀑布上跌落的問題。

The famous victoria falls in Zimbabwe might have a problem though because the water there is drying up so it might stop plunging over and this is something we covered in our lingo hack video.

辛巴維著名的維多利亞瀑布可能會有問題，因為那裡的水正在乾涸，所以它可能會停止俯衝，這是我們在行話黑客視頻中涉及的內容。

Where can people watch that video again, Neil?

人們在哪裡可以再次觀看該視頻，尼爾？

Yeah, it's well worth a look that video and it's just in the link below, click in the lake down below time now for your next headline please kneel.

是的，那段視頻非常值得一看，它就在下面的鏈接中，點擊下面的湖水，現在是下一個頭條新聞，請跪下。

Next headline comes from Russia today and it reads first ever nationwide lockdown for the unvaccinated is on the cards.

下一個頭條新聞來自俄羅斯，內容是：有史以來第一次在全國範圍內對未接種疫苗的人進行封鎖。

Now.

現在。

We should say that this headline came out before the final decision.

我們應該說，這個標題是在最終決定之前出來的。

So we're looking towards the future there and the expression is on the cards.

是以，我們正在展望那裡的未來，而且表達方式也在計劃之中。

So that's on the cards likely to happen.

所以這是有可能發生的。

Yes and it now has happened.

是的，現在它已經發生了。

Um rob have you ever been to a fortune teller?

呃......你有沒有去找過算命先生？

Well I have actually yes, I went to this, this woman who had a pack of cards, she produced a card and a card.

好吧，我其實是有的，我去找過這個，這個女人有一包牌，她拿出了一張牌和一張卡片。

The picture on the card told me what my future would hold that I was going to have a wife and two Children.

卡片上的照片告訴我我的未來是什麼，我將會有一個妻子和兩個孩子。

So that came true.

於是，這就成了事實。

Yeah.

是的。

Okay, so by looking on the cards, the future became clear, is that right?

好的，所以通過看卡片，未來變得清晰了，是這樣嗎？

Yeah it was likely to happen and in this case it did happen.

是的，這很可能會發生，而且在這種情況下確實發生了。

Yeah.

是的。

So this is probably the origin of this expression um from fortune telling, we say that something is on the cards, it means that it is likely to happen.

所以這可能是這個表達的起源，嗯，來自於算命，我們說某件事情在卡上，這意味著它很可能發生。

It's a set phrase.

這是一個固定的短語。

Yeah it is a set phrase.

是的，它是一個固定的短語。

Yes.

是的。

Okay so nice little phrase.

好吧，那麼漂亮的小短語。

Let's have a summary of on the cards.

讓我們對卡片上的內容做個總結。

Mhm.

嗯。

Thank you.

謝謝你。

Yeah Okay it's time now to recap the vocabulary that we've been discussing today.

好了，現在是時候回顧一下我們今天所討論的詞彙了。

Yes.

是的。

First of all we had surge increase suddenly secondly we had plunges moves quickly into something and finally on the cards likely to happen.

首先，我們有激增的突然增加，其次，我們有暴跌的舉動，很快就會發生一些事情，最後，在卡片上可能會發生。

Thanks for that.

謝謝你的提醒。

And don't forget you can test yourself on this vocabulary by going to a quiz on our website at BBC Learning english dot com.

別忘了，你可以在我們的網站BBC Learning english dot com上進行測驗，以測試自己的這些詞彙。

There's lots of other learning english resources there as well.

那裡還有很多其他學習英語的資源。

And don't forget we're all across social media as well.

別忘了，我們也都在社交媒體上。

Well that's all for this news review will be back again next week.

好了，這就是本次新聞評論的全部內容，下週將再次回來。

Bye for now.

暫時再見。

Goodbye living with.

再見了，生活在一起。