The host? Moi. Carl Azuz. Total running time? Exactly 10 minutes, so let's get rolling.

主持人——Carl Azuz。節目長度——不長不短， 十分剛好。事不宜遲，我們馬上開始！

COP 26 is not a police officer.

跟大家說明一下，COP 26 指的可不是員警編號啊！

The COP stands for Conference of the Parties, a gathering of members of the United Nations, and the 26 is because this is the 26th year that the global climate summit has been held.

COP 是聯合國氣候變遷綱要公約締約國會議，而 26 則代表第 26 屆全球氣候高峰會。

That's happening this week and next week in Glasgow, Scotland.

這項會議將在本週和下週在蘇格蘭格拉斯哥正式登場。

Tens of thousands of world leaders, their representatives, negotiators, businesses, and citizens are there, and all of these COP conferences are focused on the issue of climate change.

數千位世界領袖、代表、協調人、企業家和人民代表將赴會，並聚焦討論氣候變遷問題。

The UN says this was a fringe issue when the summits began and that it's now a global priority, though different nations have different levels of commitment to it.

聯合國說，早在峰會起始時期，氣候變遷問題還不嚴重，不過現在氣候變遷成了世界各國的優先處理事項，縱使不同國家對氣候變遷的態度不一。

Carbon dioxide emissions are front and center here.

二氧化碳排放是會議最重要的議程。

Most scientists say these emissions are harming the global environment by causing Earth's average temperatures to heat up.

多數科學家認為，碳排放引起全球平均氣溫上升，對全球環境造成危害。

A smaller group of scientists say climate change happens naturally and that the Earth can absorb human carbon emissions.

而小部分科學家則相信，氣候變遷屬於自然現象，地球可以吸收人為碳排放。

But the goal of these UN summits is for member countries to lay out new plans to reduce their emissions of carbon dioxide.

但這些聯合國峰會的目標，是敦促會員國設法制定新策略來降低碳排放。

A significant event took place during COP 21 in 2015; it was held in the French capital.

2015 年，第 21 屆締約國會議在法國首都登場。當時的會議發生了一件重要的事。

And in what became known as the Paris Agreement, countries committed to reduce their carbon emissions by certain amounts.

這件事就是日後為人所知的《巴黎氣候協議》。在這項協議下，各國承諾會推行不同程度的碳排放降低措施。

This could include relying less on coal for energy and more on renewable forms like solar or wind power.

包括減少燃煤發電和增加利用可再生能源，如太陽能和風能發電。

The COP 21 commitments were not legally binding, meaning there was no penalty if nations failed to meet them.

各國在第 21 屆締約國會議上立定的承諾不具有法律約束力，換句話說，就算有關國家無法履行他們的承諾，也不會遭到任何的處罰。

And while supporters of the Paris Agreement, like former US President Barack Obama, called it, quote, "the best chance to save the planet", the United Nations says the COP 21 commitments didn't come close to achieving their goals.

雖然《巴黎氣候協議》的支持者們，如前美國總統歐巴馬形容該協議為「拯救地球的最好機會」，不過聯合國說，第 21 屆締約國會議的目標並未被達成。

So during COP 26, the UN is pushing for even greater efforts to reduce carbon emissions.

所以聯合國將在第 26 屆締約國會議上加強對成員國的呼籲，確保達到碳減排目標。

The Australian Government on Tuesday announcing its pledge to take the country to net-zero carbon emissions by 2050, whereby greenhouse gas production is limited and any remaining greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere are removed.

澳洲政府在本週二公開承諾將在 2050 年達到淨零碳排目標，並管制溫室氣體的排放和消滅大氣中殘留的溫室氣體。

This coming ahead of the COP 26 climate talks in Glasgow, Scotland.

澳洲政府是趕在氣候峰會前，作出上述重大宣布。

But Australia has not pledged to be more ambitious on its 2030 carbon reductions targets; Australia says it's on track to reduce its carbon emissions by 26-28% of 2005 levels by 2030.

不過呢，澳洲並沒有在 2030 年減碳目標上作更積極的承諾，僅表示目前正在努力，以在 2030 年將碳排放量減至比 2005 年的水平低 26%-28%。

Speaking Tuesday, Prime Minister Scott Morrison said his targets would not compromise jobs in the Australian mining industry.

在週二發表演講時，澳洲總理莫里森也同時承諾，減碳的目標不會影響澳洲採礦業發展。

Australia is one of the world's largest exporters of coal.

澳洲是全球其中一個最大的燃煤出口國。

Instead, they would rely on new technologies such as carbon soil sequestration and new green energy technologies, which are so far unproven.

莫里森表示，他們會依靠新科技，如土壤碳固存和未經證實的新綠能技術來達到減碳目標。

Australians, eh, want action on climate change; they're taking action on climate change

澳洲人非常樂意為減緩氣候變遷付出努力；而澳洲人也正採取行動應對氣候變遷。

But they also want to protect their jobs and their livelihoods.

不過，澳洲人也必須保護他們的就業機會和生計。

They also want to keep the cost of living down, and they also want to protect the Australian way of life, especially in rural and regional areas.

他們想要維持低廉的生活成本，同時也想保護澳洲人傳統的生活方式，特別是在鄉區和地方生活的澳洲人。

10-second trivia: Which of these adjectives is derived from a latin term meaning steersman?

10 秒問答！以下哪些形容詞是由哪一個是由象徵舵手的拉丁文衍生而來？

Gubernatorial, sartorial, naval, or avuncular.

州長的（Gubernatorial）、裁縫的（sartorial）、海軍的（naval）、伯父的（avuncular）？

Gubernator sounds like the Latin term for steersmen or governor, and it's where we get our word gubernatorial.

答案是州長的（Gubernatorial）。Gubernatorial 在拉丁文中代表著舵手或州長的意思。

And two US gubernatorial races factor into our next report this Tuesday.

我們下一則消息是關於美國兩場州長選舉。

One of them is in the Garden State, New Jersey; the other is in the old Dominion State, Virginia.

「花園之州」新澤西州和「老道明州」維吉尼亞州的州長選舉，

Both are being held today.

分別在今天舉行。

And while most gubernatorial races don't get the amount of national attention that presidential elections do, these two, in particular, are closely watched as types of forecasts about how America's two main political parties are faring.

多數的州長選舉不會引起舉國關注。人們對總統選舉的關注度總是遠勝過州長選舉，不過，這兩場選舉被視為美國兩大黨的前哨戰，所以自然更添看頭。

Interest is particularly high during a time of deep political divisions and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

尤其現在人們政見分歧更深，美國又持續受困於新冠疫情。

Here's CNN 10 contributor Rachel Janfaza with a look at events in two eastern states.

我們請 CNN 10 的撰稿人 Rachel Janfaza 分析一下發生在這兩個東部州屬的選舉。

Both Virginia and New Jersey hold their elections for governor one year after a presidential election, Carl.

在總統選舉落幕一年後，維吉尼亞州和新澤西州舉辦了州長選舉。

You may have heard these races referred to as "bellwether elections", but you might be wondering, "What does a 'bellwether election' really mean?"

你也許聽過選舉風向標這個形容詞，但你也許會疑問，到底選舉風向標是什麼意思？

Well, the term "bellwether" refers to something that's a predictor for or resembles a larger phenomenon.

其實，風向標指的是某些現象的顯示或預示。

The word actually comes from Old Middle English, when a bell was put around the neck of a ram, also known as a wether, to lead a flock of sheep in one direction.

這個單字其實來自中古英文，那時候的人會把鈴鐺掛在公羊或閹羊脖子上，把牠們當成領頭羊，通過指揮領頭羊的方式來指揮羊群的移動方向。

Think of a bellwether as a leader, or to put it in the context of 2021, an influencer.

領頭羊就是領袖，你可以把領頭羊想像成 2021 年的意見領袖。

Back to the politics.

回到政治焦點。

These gubernatorial races can provide a glimpse into how the country is feeling one year after a general election season and can predict trends for how the country may act one year moving forward during the mid-term elections.

透過解讀兩個州長的選舉結果，你可以推敲出國民在選舉滿一年後對政府的感受，並預測中期選舉的民意。

Often, but not always, these elections go in favor of the party not in the White House.

通常，不是經常，選民在這類選舉中都會把票投給聯邦在野黨。

For example, in 2005, Democrats clinched in both Virginia and New Jersey.

2005 年，民主黨在選舉中拿下維吉尼亞州和新澤西州的執政權。

At the time, pundits said that served as a warning sign for Republicans and President George W. Bush.

當時，那些專家說這是共和黨和時任總統小布希的警訊。

And in 2009, Republicans won in both states, which didn't look so great for President Barack Obama.

然而，在 2009 年，歐巴馬總統所屬的民主黨將這兩州的政權敗給了共和黨。

Though both President Bush and President Obama ended up completing two full terms as president.

不過小布希和歐巴馬依然分別成功連任美國總統。

So, what would happen in Virginia and New Jersey isn't a direct creed for what will happen across the country moving forward.

所以雖然維吉尼亞和新澤西的選舉成果不一定會成為美國後續發展的教條，

It can give a sense of how America's feeling in the off-year.

但你可以從這兩州的選舉結果中看出非大選期間，美國人的民情。

Up next, CNN Heroes; the top 10 of them for 2021.

接下來，我們看看獲選為 2021 年的 CNN 英雄的十位人物。

If you've been watching our show throughout this calendar year, you might remember several of these faces.

如果你這一年來都持續觀看我們的節目，那你一定見過這些面孔。

These are people being recognized for their extraordinary efforts to improve others' lives.

我們是根據這些人為他人生命帶來的偉大貢獻而遴選他們成為 CNN 英雄人物。

CNN has chosen the top 10 heroes, but who chooses the overall winner and what exactly does he or she win?

CNN 選出了 10 大英雄人物，但誰會成為年度英雄呢？年度英雄又會獲得什麼呢？

I'm Anderson Cooper. This year, we celebrate a milestone: The 15th anniversary of CNN Heroes.

我是 Anderson Cooper。今年，我們迎來了一個里程碑， CNN 英雄人物來到了第 15 個年頭。

For a decade and a half, we've had the honor of introducing you to extraordinary everyday people who are changing the world.

我們很榮幸在過去 15 年來，有機會向世界介紹改變了世界的偉大人物。

And in a time when we need kindness and courage more than ever, we're thrilled to announce this year's top 10 CNN heroes.

在需要善意和勇氣的這個時期，我們懷抱著興奮的心情，公佈今年的 CNN 10 大英雄人物。

From Philadelphia, pediatric surgeon Ala Stanford saw COVID-19 ravaging communities of color, so she built trust and brought testing and vaccinations to more than 75,000 people.

來自費城的一位小兒外科醫師 Ala Stanford 發起基金讓超過 7 萬 5 千名有色人種有機會接受新冠肺炎檢測和接種疫苗。

From San Francisco, David Flink is building understanding and confidence using his journey with ADHD and dyslexia to help kids with learning differences across America thrive.

來自舊金山的 David Flink 利用自己作為過動症兒和閱讀障礙患者的經歷幫助全美的兒童克服學習問題。

In New York City, Hector Guadalupe uses fitness training to help formerly incarcerated men and women like himself get family-sustaining jobs and build careers.

在紐約市， 釋囚 Hector Guadalupe 利用體能訓練來幫助其他釋囚來獲得就業和事業建立機會。

From Cartagena, Colombia, Jennifer Colpas brings eco-friendly energy, safe water, and sanitation to struggling Colombians living in remote areas.

來自哥倫比亞卡塔赫納的 Jennifer Colpas 為居住在偏遠地區的哥倫比亞弱勢群體帶來了友善環境的能源、用水和衛生設備。

Lynda Doughty of Pittsburgh, Maine, monitors 2,500 miles of coastline, providing life-saving support and medical care to thousands of marine animals.

來自匹茲堡 Maine 的 Lynda Doughty 守護長達 2 千 500 英里海岸線的海洋動物，為數千隻動物提供了救援和醫療服務。

From Bali, Indonesia, exchanging plastic waste for rice, restaurant owner Made Janur Yasa has sent tons of plastic for recycling and provided food to thousands of families during the pandemic.

來自印尼巴厘島的餐廳老闆 Made Janur Yasa 通過用塑料垃圾換取白米的方式，成功發動人們合作將數萬噸的垃圾送去回收，並在疫情期間為數千戶人家提供了糧食。

And in Simi Valley, California, Michele Neff Hernandez has turned her profound grief into sustaining support for the widowed

在加利福尼亞州西米谷市，Michele Neff Hernandez 走出喪偶之痛，並為喪偶的人們提供了持續性的支援服務。

Oncologist Patricia Gordon walked away from her Beverly Hills private practice to save women around the world from dying of preventable and treatable cervical cancer.

腫瘤學家 Patricia Gordon 結束她的私人診所，到世界各地去教育女性預防和治療子宮頸癌。

On L.A.'s Skid Row, Shirley Raines brings dignity and respect to thousands of homeless people every week, rain or shine.

在洛杉磯的貧民窟，不論晴雨，Shirley Raines 每週為數千名露宿者提供生活照顧服務。

And in Maiduguri, Nigeria, Zannah Mustapha educates orphaned children from both sides of a violent extremist conflict, providing support to more than 2,000 boys and girls a year.

在尼日利亞的邁杜古里，Zannah Mustapha 為極端主義暴力衝突雙方的孤兒提供教育，每年為 2 千多名男孩和女孩提供照顧和支持。

Congratulations the top 10 CNN Heroes of 2021.

恭喜這 10 位 2021 年 CNN 十大英雄人物的入選者。

Now it's time for you to choose who inspires you the most.

接下來，我們有請觀眾朋友為我們投票選出啓發你最深的人物。

Who should be named CNN Hero of the Year and receive $100,000 to continue their great work?

究竟誰會獲頒年度英雄的頭銜，並獲得 10 萬美元的獎金來支持他們的公益工作呢？

Go to cnnheroes.com right now to vote, and be sure to watch the 15th Annual CNN Heroes All-Star Tribute as we announced the Hero of the Year and celebrate all this year's honorees live, Sunday, December 12.

馬上到 cnnheroes.com 進行投票，並留守 12 月 12 日，星期日的第 15 屆《CNN 英雄：向全明星致敬》直播。

26 days from the start of Hanukkah and 53 days from Christmas, it seems like this might be on someone's wish list.

還有 26 天就是光明節，還有 53 天就是聖誕節，這也許會是某人希望收到的禮物。

It's a Japanese hover bike.

這是一輛日產的飛行摩托車。

It's a hybrid with four battery-powered motors and a gas engine.

這輛混合動力飛行摩托車，有四個電池驅動的電機和一個燃氣發動機。

Its range is about 40 minutes of flight time and its top speed is said to be around 60 miles per hour.

它可以持續飛行約 40分鐘 ，據說其最高飛行速度約為 60 英里/小時。

Of course, you might need a pilot's license to operate it and you will need $700,000 to put it in your garage or hanger.

當然，你可能要有飛行員執照才能駕駛它，而這輛飛行摩托車要價 70 萬美元。

But you can "bike" on having fans "hover around" when you get that "fly ride" off the ground.

但駕駛飛行摩托車「離開地球表面」很拉風！

When they hear the sound, they'll all "abound", like a "flock of birds" all "fluttering" down town, all bound to try and "hound" you.

引擎聲響起，油門催下去，城中熱議你，人們簇擁你。

If you're lost but then they "found" you; get "props" when yours get "wound" and seeing what's up when you "get down".

失落了方向，他們狩獵你，記得抄傢伙，秀你的本色。

I wasn't planning a rap today, but that one just kind of "took off".

我今天沒打算要饒舌，這只是我信手拈來。

Shout-out goes out to Catoosa High School in Catoosa, Oklahoma.

這邊跟奧克拉荷馬州 Catoosa 高中的大家打聲招呼！

Thank you for watching on YouTube. I'm Carl Azuz for CNN.

感謝收看我們的 YouTube 頻道。我是 CNN 主播 Carl Azuz。