workers have led to an increased interest in careers in medicine. But has this so-called

勞動者導致人們對醫學職業的興趣增加。但是，這種所謂的

“Fauci Effect” translated into more medical school applicants? And if so, how has the

"Fauci效應 "是否轉化為更多的醫學院申請人？如果是這樣，那麼

pandemic impacted getting into medical school as a whole? Let's set the record straight.

大流行對進入醫學院的整體影響？讓我們把話說清楚。

Dr. Jubbal, MedSchoolInsiders.com. We'll first explore how medical school admissions

Jubbal博士，MedSchoolInsiders.com。我們先來探討一下醫學院的錄取方式

have been impacted by COVID-19, comparing the 2020-2021 application cycle to prior years,

與往年相比，2020-2021年的申請週期受到了COVID-19的影響。

and then dive into the implications for current and future applicants.

然後深入探討對當前和未來申請人的影響。

Let's start by looking at the numbers. When applying to medical school in the United States,

讓我們先看一下數字。在美國申請醫學院的時候。

there are three centralized application services: AMCAS for MD schools, AACOMAS for DO schools,

有三個集中的申請服務。醫學博士學校的AMCAS，醫學博士學校的AACOMAS。

and TMDSAS for Texas schools. I have discussed these in detail along with the overall process

和德州學校的TMDSAS。我已經詳細討論了這些以及整個過程

of applying to medical school in our Medical School Application Explained video - link

在我們的 "醫學院申請解釋 "視頻中，我們將介紹申請醫學院的方法 -- 鏈接

in the description. Each year, approximately 53,000 students apply to AMCAS, 22,000 to

的描述中。每年約有53,000名學生申請AMCAS，22,000名學生申請AMCAS。

AACOMAS, and 6,000 to TMDSAS. Of these, only about 40% of AMCAS applicants will matriculate

AACOMAS，以及6,000名TMDSAS。其中，只有大約40%的AMCAS申請人會被錄取。

into MD schools, 36% of AACOMAS applicants into DO schools, and 28% of TMDSAS applicants

在AACOMAS申請者中，有36%的人進入了MD學校，28%的TMDSAS申請者進入了DO學校。

into Texas schools. According to an article from the AAMC published

進入德州學校。根據AAMC發表的一篇文章

October 2020, preliminary numbers for the 2020-2021 application cycle showed a significant

2020年10月，2020-2021年申請週期的初步數字顯示了一個顯著的

increase in the number of applicants. Some schools even reported as much as a 35% increase

申請人的數量增加。一些學校甚至報告說增加了35%之多。

year over year. Final tallies from the AAMC, however, show a different story. There were

幾年來的情況。然而，美國醫學會的最終統計結果顯示了一個不同的情況。有

53,030 applicants who submitted their AMCAS for the 2020-2021 application cycle, which

在2020-2021年申請週期提交AMCAS的53,030名申請人，其中

is actually a 0.6% decrease from the 53,361 applicants who submitted for the 2019-2020

實際上比提交2019-2020年申請的53,361名申請人減少了0.6%。

cycle. TMDSAS data are similar, with a 0.6% increase from 6,053 applicants to 6,093. The

週期。TMDSAS的數據也類似，從6053名申請人增加到6093名，增加了0.6%。該

data from the AACOMAS, however, is where things get more interesting. According to the AACOM,

然而，來自AACOMAS的數據，是事情變得更有趣的地方。根據AACOM的數據。

there was approximately a 20% bump in applicants from 22,708 in 2019 to 27,276 in 2020. And

申請人從2019年的22708人增加到2020年的27276人，大約增加了20%。而

sure, more DO schools are opening each year, but that only accounts for a 2-5% annual increase

當然，每年都有更多的DO學校開業，但這隻佔每年增長的2-5%。

in seats. It is important to note that premed students

在座位上。值得注意的是，醫學預科學生

applying for the 2020-2021 cycle were all well on their way to applying long before

申請2020-2021年週期的人早在申請前就已經做好了準備。

COVID-19 restrictions came into effect. After all, preparing a medical school application

COVID-19的限制開始生效。畢竟，準備一份醫學院的申請

is a multi-year process. So what explains the DO bump?

是一個多年的過程。那麼，是什麼原因導致了DO的顛簸？

One hypothesis involves gap years, or perhaps the lack thereof. It is common for premed

一個假設涉及到空檔期，或者說是沒有空檔期。醫學預科生的普遍現象是

students to take time after completing their undergraduate degrees to bolster their applications.

學生在完成他們的大學學位後花時間來加強他們的申請。

Common avenues include research experience, volunteering, and shadowing; however, due

常見的途徑包括研究經驗、志願服務和跟班學習；但是，由於

to COVID, most in-person opportunities were canceled. Students may also strengthen their

到COVID，大多數親臨現場的機會被取消了。學生也可以加強他們的

application by re-taking the MCAT; however, COVID restrictions caused testing centers

但是，由於COVID的限制，導致考試中心無法通過重新參加MCAT考試來申請。

to cancel test dates or offer an abbreviated version of the test. This may have dissuaded

取消測試日期或提供一個縮寫版本的測試。這可能阻止了

some students from retaking the exam. These barriers to strengthening one's application

一些學生不願意重新參加考試。這些加強自己的申請的障礙

may have led some students to apply earlier than they had intended to, and DO schools

可能導致一些學生提前申請，而DO學校

may have been the more logical choice. After all, they're substantially less competitive

可能是更合理的選擇。畢竟，他們的競爭力大大降低

and more attainable to MD programs. For comparison, the average GPA and MCAT scores for matriculants

並更容易達到醫學博士課程的要求。作為比較，預科生的平均GPA和MCAT分數

into MD schools during the most recent cycle were 3.7 and 511.6 respectively compared to

在最近的週期中，進入馬里蘭州學校的學生人數分別為3.7和511.6人，相比之下

3.5 and 503 for DO schools. That being said, this alone is unlikely to

3.5和503的DO學校。雖然如此，但僅憑這一點不太可能達到

explain the DO bump as these same restrictions may have also prevented some students from

解釋一下DO凸起的原因，因為這些同樣的限制可能也阻止了一些學生的發展。

applying during the 2020-2021 application cycle. Many students choose to take their

在2020-2021年申請週期內申請。許多學生選擇將他們的

MCAT in the months just prior to applying to medical school. This can mean taking the

在申請醫學院之前的幾個月，要參加MCAT考試。這可能意味著參加

exam as late as mid-July or mid-August of their application year - weeks after applications

最遲在申請年的7月中旬或8月中旬進行考試--申請後的幾周內

have already opened. MCAT administration was canceled globally

已經開放。全球範圍內取消了MCAT管理

between March 2020 and May 2020, leaving students scheduled during this time without a test

在2020年3月至2020年5月之間，讓安排在這段時間內的學生沒有一個測試

date. In addition, those who chose to reschedule their exam after testing resumed in May 2020

日期。此外，那些在2020年5月恢復測試後選擇重新安排考試的人

had no choice but to take a new, shorter version of the exam. This five-and-a-half-hour version

沒有選擇，只能參加新的、更短版本的考試。這個五小時半的版本

of the exam was appealing to some given its decrease from the normal eight-hour test length;

鑑於考試時間比正常的八小時長，考試的時間對一些人來說很有吸引力。

however, many were apprehensive about being the first to take the new version of the test.

然而，許多人對成為第一個參加新版測試的人感到不安。

And when you consider the importance of MCAT scores in medical school admission, this is

當你考慮到MCAT成績在醫學院錄取中的重要性時，這就是

a very reasonable concern. There were also many students that chose to forego taking

這是一個非常合理的擔憂。也有許多學生選擇放棄參加

the exam altogether due to concerns of contracting coronavirus at a testing center. In response

由於擔心在一個考試中心感染冠狀病毒，所以完全不參加考試。作為迴應

to this, there were a handful of schools that waived the MCAT requirement for the 2020-2021

對此，有少數學校放棄了2020-2021年的MCAT要求。

cycle; but, the majority did not. Overall, COVID restrictions on MCAT administration

週期；但是，大多數人沒有這樣做。總體而言，COVID對MCAT管理的限制

prevented many from applying during the 2020 cycle.

阻止了許多人在2020年週期內的申請。

Another hypothesis to account for the DO bump is that the transition to virtual interviews

另一個解釋DO顛簸的假說是，向虛擬面試的過渡。

may have removed a financial barrier for some applicants. Applying to medical school is

可能已經消除了一些申請人的經濟障礙。申請醫學院是

costly enough, and when you add on the additional financial burden for travel and lodging, many

成本已經很高了，如果再加上旅行和住宿的額外經濟負擔，許多人

find the cost to be prohibitive. Virtual interviews, in comparison, are essentially free, and some

發現成本過高。相比之下，虛擬面試基本上是免費的，而且一些

applicants certainly saw this as an opportunity to save thousands of dollars. Still, this

申請人當然認為這是一個可以節省數千美元的機會。不過，這

doesn't account for the increase in specifically DO applicants and not MD applicants.

沒有說明特別是博士申請人而不是醫學博士申請人的增加。

Regardless of the reason, the spike in medical school applicants during this past application

不管是什麼原因，在過去的申請期間，醫學院的申請人激增。

cycle is unlikely to be from a “Fauci-effect” given that once you decide to pursue medical

一旦你決定接受醫學治療，就不太可能是 "Fauci效應 "造成的。

school, it takes years to complete the requirements and prepare a competitive application. In

學校，需要幾年的時間來完成要求並準備一個有競爭力的申請。在

the coming years, we may see continued increases in the number of applicants as these newly

未來幾年，我們可能會看到申請者的數量繼續增加，因為這些新的

interested students complete their prerequisites. COVID-19 has also significantly impacted students

有興趣的學生完成他們的先修課程。COVID-19也對學生產生了重大影響

applying for the current 2021-2022 application cycle.

申請當前的2021-2022年申請週期。

The abrupt transition to a 100% online curriculum left many students feeling disoriented. Many

突然過渡到100%的在線課程，讓許多學生感到無所適從。許多人

instructors were equally unprepared, leading to a suboptimal learning environment for students.

教員們同樣沒有準備好，導致學生的學習環境不理想。

Furthermore, trying to study during a global pandemic while coping with stress from social

此外，在全球大流行病期間努力學習，同時應對來自社會的壓力。

isolation, unemployment, and concern for the health and well-being of yourself and others

孤立、失業，以及對自己和他人的健康和福祉的擔憂

is not conducive to effective learning. As a result, there were many students who experienced

不利於有效的學習。是以，有許多學生經歷了

a drop in academic performance during this time.

在這段時間裡，學習成績有所下降。

Online curriculums coupled with the inability to participate in in-person contact through

在線課程加上無法通過參與面對面的接觸

research or office hours also made it difficult for many students to connect with professors.

研究或辦公時間也使許多學生難以與教授聯繫。

Under normal circumstances, these may have been the same professors that they would have

在正常情況下，這些人可能是他們會有的那些教授。

asked for a letter of recommendation, another important aspect of a strong medical school

要求提供推薦信，這是一個強大的醫學院的另一個重要方面。

application. Early experiences with undergraduate research have also been correlated with increased

應用。早期的大學生研究經驗也與增加的

student attainment, MCAT performance, and medical school acceptance. Whether that's

學生的成績、MCAT成績和醫學院的錄取。無論那是

a chicken or egg phenomenon is unclear, but those who established relationships prior

目前還不清楚是雞還是蛋的現象，但那些事先建立關係的人

to the pandemic were at a clear advantage. The MCAT restrictions discussed previously

對該大流行病的影響明顯具有優勢。之前討論的MCAT限制

also impacted this year's applicants as a lot of students choose to be proactive and

這也影響了今年的申請者，因為很多學生選擇主動出擊，並且

take the MCAT during the summer prior to their application year. As we've discussed in

在申請年之前的夏季參加MCAT考試。正如我們在

previous videos on this channel, studying for the MCAT is a long and intense process.

本頻道以前的視頻，學習MCAT是一個漫長而緊張的過程。

Even in a “normal” year, most premeds will spend several months preparing for the

即使在 "正常 "年份，大多數醫學預科生也會花幾個月的時間來準備

exam, adhering to a strict study schedule so they can peak on exam day. Unexpected changes

考試，堅持嚴格的學習時間表，以便他們在考試當天達到高峰。意外的變化

in test dates can upset the careful balance between retaining information and forgetting

測試日期的變化會破壞保留資訊和遺忘之間的謹慎平衡。

what you've learned. In addition, increased time spent studying to retain the sheer amount

你所學到的東西。此外，增加學習時間，以保留大量的

of information required for the MCAT can quickly lead to burnout and subsequent decreases in

醫學考試所需的資訊很快就會導致倦怠和隨後的下降。

performance come exam time. Fortunately, medical schools and admission

考試時間到來時的表現。幸運的是，醫學院校和錄取

committees are cognizant of the challenges that premeds have faced due to COVID-19 and

委員會認識到，由於COVID-19的出現，預科生面臨著各種挑戰。

many are being flexible with their requirements for the 2021-2022 cycle. Some schools have

許多人對2021-2022年週期的要求持靈活態度。一些學校已經

chosen to accept the pass/fail grading scale and online lab credits from the Spring 2020

選擇接受2020年春季的合格/不合格評分表和在線實驗學分。

semester. Others are accepting applications lacking the required lab credits altogether

學期。另一些國家則接受完全缺乏所需實驗學分的申請。

if they were unavailable when the student took the course.

如果學生選課時沒有這些資料的話。

Many schools are also loosening the requirements for letters of recommendation and in-person

許多學校也放寬了對推薦信和麵談的要求。

healthcare experience. Typically, at least one letter of recommendation has to come from

醫療保健經驗。通常情況下，至少有一封推薦信必須來自於

either an MD or a DO. For many students, opportunities to work with a physician were severely limited

無論是醫學博士還是醫學博士。對許多學生來說，與醫生一起工作的機會受到嚴重限制。

last year as hospitals and clinics sought to minimize nonessential workers. Even now,

去年，由於醫院和診所試圖儘量減少非必要的工作人員。即使是現在。

many opportunities that existed before are still unavailable. In response, many programs

以前存在的許多機會仍然無法得到。作為迴應，許多項目

are loosening these requirements. Similarly, opportunities for in-person healthcare experience

正在放寬這些要求。同樣地，親身體驗醫療保健的機會

continue to be limited leading many programs to relax these requirements. A large proportion

繼續受到限制，導致許多項目放鬆這些要求。有很大一部分

of medical schools are also allowing virtual interviews to minimize the financial and travel

的醫學院也允許虛擬面試，以儘量減少財務和旅行費用。

burdens. These exceptions will vary from program to

負擔。這些例外情況將因項目而異

program, so you will still have to check with each individual school to make sure you meet

是以，你仍然必須向每所學校核實，以確保你滿足

their requirements. Many admission committees are also adopting

他們的要求。許多招生委員會也在採用

a more holistic approach to reviewing applicants. They are placing a further emphasis beyond

採用更全面的方法來審查申請人。他們正在進一步強調，除了

hard metrics, namely the MCAT and GPA, in favor of application soft components. Medical

硬性指標，即MCAT和GPA，而傾向於應用軟性成分。醫學

schools are aware that COVID has negatively impacted these hard metrics and are looking

學校意識到COVID對這些硬性指標產生了負面影響，正在尋找

more closely at the applicant as a whole. This doesn't mean that the GPA and MCAT

更密切地關注申請人的整體情況。這並不意味著，GPA和MCAT

are not important; but, it does mean that if you didn't do as well as you had hoped,

是不重要的；但是，這確實意味著，如果你沒有做得像你希望的那樣好。

you still may have a chance at getting in this cycle.

你仍然可能有機會進入這個週期。

Additionally, if you are planning on applying to DO schools, the AACOMAS has included a

此外，如果你打算申請DO學校，AACOMAS已經包括了一個

COVID-19 essay section where you can discuss any challenges you overcame during the pandemic.

COVID-19論文部分，你可以討論你在大流行病期間所克服的任何挑戰。

Taking the time to fill out this section can help to offset any gaps in your application

花時間填寫這一部分可以幫助抵消你的申請中的任何差距

as a result of COVID. For instance, if you were able to help your community in some way

作為COVID的結果。例如，如果你能夠以某種方式幫助你的社區

and can show that you made someone's life better during the pandemic, it may resonate

並能表明你在大流行期間使某人的生活得到改善，這可能會引起共鳴。

well with an admissions officer. At the end of the day, getting into medical

與招生官的關係很好。在一天結束的時候，進入醫學領域的

school and becoming a doctor is not, and will never be an easy ordeal. But regardless of

學校和成為一名醫生不是，也永遠不會是一個簡單的折磨。但無論如何

an increasing number of applicants, or unforeseen hurdles as the result of a global pandemic,

越來越多的申請人，或因全球大流行病而產生的不可預見的障礙。

it is important to remember that your outcomes are not a matter of your circumstances. Your

重要的是要記住，你的結果並不取決於你的情況。你的

outcomes are a matter of your mindset and how you play the cards that you are dealt.

結果是你的心態問題，以及你如何打出你的牌。

If you want to get into medical school and become a doctor, pandemic or no pandemic,

如果你想進入醫學院，成為一名醫生，不管有沒有大流行病。

you have to be the one to take ownership and responsibility to reach your goal.

你必須是承擔所有權和責任的人，以達到你的目標。

If you enjoyed this video, make sure you check out my video going over everything you need

如果你喜歡這個視頻，請確保你查看我的視頻，瞭解你需要的一切。

to know about the medical school application, or my video going over 4 Surprising Medical

關於醫學院申請的知識，或我的視頻中的4個令人驚訝的醫學研究。

School Admissions Statistics. Much love and I'll see you guys there.

學校招生統計。非常感謝，我們會在那裡見到你們。