The ancient Egyptians believed in several rituals in order to reach the after life, into the next world and achieve immortality.

古埃及人相信各種使人進入來世並獲得永生的儀式。

Death was seen as a temporary state and a dead person's spirit needed a body.

對他們來說，死亡只是一種過渡狀態，而死者的靈魂將會需要一具完整的身體。

So to preserve it, a process of mummification was used.

為了保存遺體，他們會將遺體製成木乃伊。

This process and quality of the mummification varied, depending on a person's status and wealth.

木乃伊的製程和品質各有不同，視死者生前的地位和財力而異。

The highest ranks in society got the best method of preservation after they died.

社會上地位最為顯赫之人會使用最高級的方式把遺體製成木乃伊。

Firstly, the body was washed in water and salt.

首先，遺體會用清水及鹽巴洗淨。

The brain was then removed and discarded using a hook through the nostrils.

接著用鉤子將大腦從鼻孔勾出並丟棄。

The body was then slit open and the organs were removed except for the heart,

接著軀幹被劃開，除了心臟，所有內臟都會被移除。

which the ancient Egyptians believed would guide the person into the after life.

因為古埃及人相信心臟會引導死者找到通往來世的路。

The liver, lungs, intestine, and stomach were kept and placed in four canopic jars.

肝臟、肺臟、腸和胃分別被保存在四個卡諾皮克罐裡。

One for each organ, these jars each featured a lid sculpted as one of the sons of Horus.

每一個罐子保存一種人體器官，而四個罐子的蓋子都分別被刻上荷魯斯四個兒子的形象。（備註：荷魯斯是古代埃及神話中法老的守護神。）

Hapi, who protected the lungs.

哈碧保護肺臟。

Duamutef, the stomach.

多姆泰夫保護胃部。

Imsety, the liver.

伊姆塞特保護肝臟。

And Qebehsenuef, the intestines.

凱布山納夫保護腸。

The body was then filled with Myrrh, Cassia and other spices.

然後用香料塞滿死者遺體，如沒藥（Myrrh）、肉桂（Cassia）和其他香料等等。

Then sewn up together and packed with a special salt, called Natron for up to seventy days,

經過縫合程序，遺體會被埋在一種被稱為泡鹼的特殊鹽類中長達七十天，

which prevented the flesh from rotting.

避免遺體腐爛。

After this process, the body was shriveled and dehydrated.

完成這個步驟之後，遺體會萎縮脫水。

So the embalmers would stuff the empty body with sawdust and linen to bring it back to it's original shape,

防腐師會在這個時候用木屑和亞麻填充遺體使遺體回到自然的形狀，

oil the skin to soften it and add false eyes and a wig to make the corpse more life like.

在遺體表面塗上油脂以軟化皮膚，再加上假眼珠和假髮使遺體看起來更逼真。

A resin was used to cover the body to prevent mold and then the whole corpse was wrapped in layers linen bandages.

也會在遺體塗上一層樹脂防止黴菌滋生，接著用亞麻繃帶重重包裹遺體。

A face mask was made to look like the person, then was placed on the head of the corpse

再製作酷似死者的面具，放上遺體的頭部。

and the body was placed into a wooden case or if the person were rich, a stone sarcophagus.

隨後把遺體放入一個木箱內；如果死者是富人的話，則會放入石棺內。

Mummies would be buried with items they might have needed for the after life, including, jewelry, clothes, furniture.

人們會把死者在來生可能需要的用品跟木乃伊一起下葬入土，包括珠寶、衣服、家具。

Even pet cats and dogs who were mummified as well to keep them company.

甚至寵物貓狗也被製成木乃伊以陪伴死者。

The less expensive method, for the middle classes, or those who wish to avoid the expense,

至於中產階級或想要省點錢的人，也有比較便宜的方法！

involved the corpse being injected with oil, taken from Cedar trees, liquefying the internal organs.

方法大致上是在遺體注入雪松木油，以溶解內臟。

It was then packed with Natron for up to seventy days and given back to the family.

泡鹼七十天後，將遺體返還家屬。

The Egyptian embalmers were so skilled that even today,

埃及的防腐技術非常高明，以至於一直到今天，

people that were mummified thousands of years ago, still have some recognizable features.

上千年前被製成木乃伊的死者仍保留了些許可辨識的臉部特徵。

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