I'm Carl Azuz for CNN 10.

我是 CNN 10 的節目主持人 Carl Azuz。

"Worry in our hearts" is how some demonstrators are describing the situation in Sudan's capital.

在蘇丹首都，一些示威者表達了他們內心的擔憂。

Their country's military appears to have taken over in another coup⏤Sudan has seen several of those since the late 20th century.

在這次的政變中，政權似乎又回到了軍方手上。從 20 世紀末以來，蘇丹這個國家已經多次發生政變。

Its former president Omar al-Bashir was a military leader when he seized power in 1989.

蘇丹的前總統巴席爾在 1989 年奪權時，正是以軍事領導人的身份上台。

He was known for his harsh rule over the Sudanese people and he's been accused of crimes against humanity and genocide in Sudan's Western Darfur region.

他以對蘇丹人民的殘忍治理而聞名，在位期間也被指控犯下反人類罪和支持發生在蘇丹西部達佛地區的種族滅絕活動。

During massive civilian protests in 2019, the military took over once again, forcing President al-Bashir out of office.

在 2019 年的大規模平民抗議活動中，軍方逼退巴席爾，再次接管蘇丹政權。

A transitional government was set up, power was shared between military and civilian groups, but tensions stayed high in the African nation.

巴席爾下台後，蘇丹軍隊與民主派示威團體聯合成立一個過渡政府，共享權力。不過蘇丹國內的局勢持續處於高度緊張狀態。

In September, forces that were loyal to the country's former president tried and failed to take power back.

今年 9 月，聽命於前總統巴席爾的軍隊曾試圖奪取政權，但沒有成功。

And in October, thousands of demonstrators gathered in front of the presidential palace to demand the military take control again while thousands of others amassed in the streets to support the nation's civilian leaders.

10 月時，成千上萬的示威者分成兩派，一派聚集在總統府前要求讓軍方重掌蘇丹，而另一派則走上街頭，繼續擁護「非軍系文人」領袖。

So, instability in Sudan is ongoing.

頻繁的政變，讓蘇丹長期處於不穩定的狀態。

What's happening right now: Sudan's military has broken up its power-sharing government with civilian leaders; it's declared a state of emergency.

現在的狀況是，蘇丹軍方單方面解散早前與民主派領袖共同組成的權力共享政府，並宣布蘇丹全國進入緊急狀態。

It's reportedly arrested government officials, according to witnesses, and the head of Sudan's armed forces says a quote, "independent and fair representative government would take control until a new one is elected in 2023".

據報道，軍方逮捕了政府官員。同時多名目擊者表示，發動政變的蘇丹將軍稱：「（由軍方領導）的獨立、公平政府會接管蘇丹直到 2023 年舉行民主大選為止」。

Flights have been suspended from the capital's international airport; Internet connections have been severely disrupted.

蘇丹國際機場的班機被下令停飛，網路通訊被截斷。

Sudan's civilian prime minister, who was arrested, has called for the Sudanese to peacefully protest the takeover⏤many people have taken to the streets and there've been some reports of violence against the demonstrators.

被軍方逮捕的民主派總理呼籲蘇丹國民以和平的方式抗議軍方發動的政變，當地許多人因此走上街頭，然而卻遭受軍方的暴力對付。

Several other countries, including the United States, are speaking out against the apparent military coup and calling for stability in Sudan.

包括美國在內的多個國家紛紛對蘇丹的軍事政變表示反對，並呼籲蘇丹政府維護國內秩序的穩定。

A cold front that plowed across the United States has made its mark.

冷鋒過境，為美國解決一些問題的同時也製造了一些問題。

The National Weather Service says several reports of tornadoes came in as the system moved across Illinois, Kansas, and Missouri, and it was pushing heavy rains and winds over the Appalachian mountains as it moved toward the US east coast.

國家氣象局說，冷鋒在經過伊利諾州、堪薩斯州和密蘇里州時引發了龍捲風的災害，在往美國東岸移動時導致阿帕拉契山脈遭到大雨和強風侵襲。

From New Jersey to Massachusetts, flood watches are in effect through Tuesday afternoon, and authorities said hail and tornadoes were possible in some isolated places.

從新澤西州到麻薩諸塞州，相關單位在週二下午持續發出洪水警報，並警告一些偏遠地區可能出現冰雹或龍捲風。

Meantime, an atmospheric river⏤a band of exceptionally moist air⏤has flowed over northern California and brought heavy rain to the drought-stricken state.

此外，夾帶著大量水氣的大氣河流席捲北加利福尼亞州，並為正面對乾旱問題的加州帶來了大雨。

The good news is that this helped firefighters get complete control over the Dixie Fire, the second largest one in state history.

好消息是，大量的雨水幫助消防員控制住加州這場史上第二大的迪克西山火。

The bad news?

壞消息是。

This atmospheric river is dumping rain and bringing wind to hundreds of square miles of northern California, and the big fear⏤mudslides.

它在北加州數百平方英里的地區引發了土石流。

Let's look at what happened on State Route 70.

一起來看看 70 號國道上發生了什麼事。

This is in the Tobin area; the hillside came crashing down.

我們現在位於 Tobin 地區，山坡在大量雨水的冲刷下崩塌。

The debris so large that the Caltrans' truck and heavy equipment can't clear it right now; this could be days that this lasts here.

由於碎石太大，加州運輸署的卡車和重型設備無法馬上清除碎石，所以道路可能要好幾天後才能恢復通行。

And then as we look over here, I'm on US Route 50.

這里是 50 號國道。

You can see behind me the South Fork of the American river starting to fill up.

你可以看到，我身後的美國河南邊岔口水位正逐步上升。

Here, in one shot, you can see they have to be careful with flooding in rivers, but above the so-called burn scar, completely stripped of vegetation in some places.

我們一鏡到底看看現場的情況。你可以看到河面上盡是湍急的洪水，而河岸上的燒焦痕跡，其實洪水從其他地方帶過來的樹木殘枝。

And when the rain comes down, and it comes down as strong for a sustained amount, that's when you can get the slides; it becomes an ashy, slurry mess⏤that's what they're worried about.

當天空持續降下豪雨，原本堅實的土壤在大量雨水的沖刷下變成灰白渾濁的泥漿，從高處往下流動引發令人擔憂的土石流問題。

So you will hear about power outages and flash flood warnings with these circumstances, and they're telling drivers unless it's absolutely necessary, you shouldn't be driving.

當局對市民發出了停電和閃電水災的警告，同時也勸導民眾沒事別開車上路。

These are potentially lethal conditions as this atmospheric river comes through northern California.

大氣河流過境北加州之際，我們請求民眾對這些潛在危險保持警惕。

Reporting from El Dorado County, I'm Paul Vercammen. Now back to you.

Paul Vercammen，埃爾多拉多採訪報導。我們把新聞畫面交還給棚內主持人。

10-second trivia: In what mountain range would you find the world's largest salt flat?

10 秒問答！你可以在哪一座山脈找到世界上最大的鹽湖？

Andes, Caucasus, Himalayas, or Rockies.

是安地斯山脈？高加索山脉？喜馬拉雅山脈還是落磯山脈?

Salar de Uyuni can be found in the Andes Mountains.

答案是安地斯山脈！世界知名的烏尤尼鹽湖（天空之鏡）就在安地斯山脈！

Before I wrote this show, if you'd asked me how many varieties of potatoes there are in this world, I might have said, "Baked, russets, sweet, chips... like, four."

在我報導以下這則新聞前，如果你問我全世界有幾種馬鈴薯，我可能會說：四種——烤馬鈴薯、褐皮馬鈴薯、番薯和薯片。

I would have been wrong by about 4,000.

我絕對想不到全世界有四千種馬鈴薯。

And if you'd asked where most of them are grown, I might have said France, 'cause fries.

如果你問我馬鈴薯來自哪裡？我可能會說：法國，因為薯條的英文被稱為「French fries」。

But the truth is in the Andes mountains, and the nation of Peru is our next stop.

但和天空之鏡一樣，多數的馬鈴薯來自安地斯山脈。所以，我們的下一站是秘魯。

I can't let them be forgotten because all the flavors, I know now how to grow them, and in that way, I can keep the varieties alive.

我不能讓世界遺忘馬鈴薯，我知道怎麼栽種各品種的馬鈴薯，我可以延續所有品種的馬鈴薯。

At the foothills of the central Peruvian Andes lives Esperanza Gabriel.

Esperanza Gabriel 住在祕魯中部安地斯山脈的山腳下。

She's a potato custodian helping to conserve a personal collection of over 300 ancestral potato varieties.

她是一名馬鈴薯保管人，收藏超過三百個祖傳馬鈴薯品種的她長期投身馬鈴薯保育工作。

This one is Suma Suco. Inside, it has pink pulp.

這個是 Suma Suco 馬鈴薯，是粉紅色馬鈴薯。

Stef de Haan from the International Potato Center in Lima works with hundreds of custodians like Esperanza.

來自利馬國際馬鈴薯研究中心的 Stef de Haan 和數百位像 Esperanza 這樣的馬鈴薯保管人合作。

So you can almost compare them, like, to coin collectors or to stamp collectors.

馬鈴薯保管人很像貨幣收藏家或郵票收藏家。

They are really important because, uh, potato custodians are basically the guardians of the traditional knowledge and they're also the guardians of the diversity itself.

他們對我們來說很重要，因為馬鈴薯保管人基本上是傳統知識的守護者，他們同時也守護著物種的多樣性。

Between the two of us, we have been growing these seeds for 20 years.

我們兩個人從事馬鈴薯的種植活動已經 20 年了。

Preserving them since the day of our wedding⏤those from my husband's side and those I inherited.

我們從結婚那天起就開始保存馬鈴薯種子，保存來自我先生的家族和我的家族所收藏的馬鈴薯種子。

There are about 4,000 varieties of native potato in the world.

全世界有大約 4000 個在地馬鈴薯品種。

And most of them are grown in the Andes, while only a handful are available in supermarkets around the world.

而大部分馬鈴薯品種來自安地斯山脈，超市常見的馬鈴薯不過是龐大馬鈴薯家族的成員之一。

If we don't preserve the whole genetic base of these potatoes, it would basically mean that we have no options in the future to diversify our food system.

如果我們不保護好馬鈴薯的基因庫，未來我們的糧食選擇就會越來越少。

So we will be highly dependent on very few varieties, and it would make us extremely vulnerable.

進而對少數糧食品種產生巨大依賴，這樣的結果會使地球上所有有糧食需求的物種變得極其脆弱。

The Andean farmers, where they grow potatoes is very risky.

安地斯山脈農民所從事的種植活動很困難。

So, there's a lot of disease pressure, there's a lot of hail, there's a lot of frost, uh... and basically, growing these potatoes together in mixtures is a risk avoidance strategy.

他們要面對植物病害、冰雹、嚴寒天氣，基本上，把這些馬鈴薯種混合種植是一種避險策略。

For Esperanza, the motivation is not only protecting diversity, but the simple desire to feed her family.

對 Esperanza 來說，她保護馬鈴薯不光是為了保護物種多樣性，也是為了養活家人。

We grow potatoes to eat, and also for selling as well, and we keep things in storage for us to use throughout the year.

我們種馬鈴薯來吃、來賣，也保存起來確保家人全年都有糧食可用。

A traditional local dish is pachamanca.

地鍋飯是秘魯的一道傳統料理。

The potatoes steamed underground with hot stones.

當地人把馬鈴薯埋在土裡，用燒熱的石頭悶熟。

You could say that the Andean farmers are really the connoisseurs or the sommeliers of the potatoes.

安地斯山脈的農民可以說是馬鈴薯的鑑賞專家。

My mother told me, now I want to teach my daughters so that they can continue cultivating the varieties.

我從我媽身上學到馬鈴薯的知識，我現在要把這套知識傳授給我的女兒們，讓她們可以繼續培育不同品種的馬鈴薯。

Potato custodians have been protecting seeds for centuries.

數百年來，這些馬鈴薯保管人持續保護著馬鈴薯的種子。

For Stef de Haan, valuing traditional agriculture is the only way to ensure biodiversity will evolve and remain available to future generations.

對 Stef de Haan 而言，重視傳統的農學是唯一可以為下一代人延續物種多樣性的方法。

As soon as you put a potato in a gene bank, it becomes something static.

你把一顆馬鈴薯放在基因庫，它就變成了靜止的東西。

But to farmers, it's really something that is continuously adapting.

但你把它交給農民，馬鈴薯就有不斷進化的可能。

So, some things are getting lost, some things are getting added.

在我們失去一些東西的同時，我們也在努力增加一些東西。

It's a laboratory that's not managed by scientists.

這是一個由非科學家們管理的實驗室。

Well, i's a laboratory that is basically more than 10,000 years of evolution in the hands of farmers.

而且還是一個擁有超過一萬年農學進化史的實驗室。

Big John is on the move.

「大約翰」正在重返美國的路上。

That's the name of the largest known triceratops skeleton; it was discovered in South Dakota in 2014.

「大約翰」是最近史上已知最大的巨型三角龍化石；於 2014 年在美國南達科他州出土。

It was recently sold at an auction in France for $7.7 million, and the buyer was American, so Big John will cross the Atlantic once again.

「大約翰」最近在法國的一場拍賣會上以 770 萬美元的價格售出，而「大約翰」的新主人是美國人，所以牠又要再次跨越大西洋回去美國。

Paleontologists say the skeleton is about 60% complete; the rest of the bones usually have to be remade, and some scientists don't like private sales of fossils.

「大約翰」的骨架在專家們的拼組下達到 60 % 的完成度，其餘的骨頭需要重製。值得一提的是，一些科學家並不贊同拍賣恐龍化石的行為。

But if you collect old artifacts, it's "tricera-tops". Cost a "skele-ton" of money, but it's guaranteed to stop your family in their "tracks" when they see that thing in your home, "don't doubt it".

如果～你是古老文物藏家，又剛好收藏恐龍。雖然花很多錢，但能讓你的孩子愛家，請你不要懷疑，因為天底下沒什麼事情比家裡有一個恐龍化石更炫炮！

If the dinosaurs "scores" up your floor, you make no "bones" about it.

就算地板被恐龍刮花，你也無怨無悔。

No one has a pet triceratops that leave your guests all "glossi-eyed", a "bone-fied" sight with all its might for they're so "fossilized".

因為三角龍當寵物，絕對會讓上門賓客眼前一亮並瞠目結舌！

Maybe not my best rap, but I'm spitting "artifacts".

這也許不是我最好的 rap，但我唱作的可是經典。

Wanna give a shout out to Natchitoches Central High School today; it is located in Natchitoches, Louisiana.

好了，今天要點名感謝 Natchitoches Central 高中對我們節目的支持，這所高中位於路易斯安那州的納基托什市。

I'm Carl Azuz for CNN.

我是 CNN 的 Carl Azuz。