Name: 我怎樣才能得到幫助？- BBC學習英語 (How can I get help? - BBC Learning English)
Uploaded: 2021-10-20T16:50:30.000Z
Duration: 9 min 11 s

一般來說，如果有人傷害了你。

未來簡單式

the law will hold them liable for their actions.

法律將要求他們為自己的行為負責。

But who would you take to court over storms, floods and droughts?

但是，你會因為風暴、洪水和乾旱將誰告上法庭？

This episode will show the ways in which the law

is helping us all deal with this increasing problem.

正在幫助我們大家處理這個日益嚴重的問題。

The Peruvian farmer taking on a German energy giant over pollution...

祕魯農民因汙染問題與德國能源巨頭交涉...

And how the world around us might get a whole load more legal protection...

以及我們周圍的世界如何可能得到更多的法律保護......

Humans have been polluting the world for a long time.

長期以來，人類一直在汙染世界。

So, how can you take action about something like climate change?

那麼，你怎樣才能對氣候變化這樣的事情采取行動呢？

It's not any one person, company, country, or government's fault...

這不是任何一個人、公司、國家或政府的錯......。

He's a Peruvian farmer and mountain guide,

他是一名祕魯農民和登山向導。

and for years he has watched a glacier, in nearby Huaraz,

多年來，他一直在附近的瓦拉斯觀看冰川。

and chose to sue a German energy company, RWE.

並選擇起訴一家德國能源公司--RWE。

It's a number based on the share of manmade emissions

這是一個基於人工排放份額的數字

His hope is that his case would make it easier

他希望他的案子能讓人更容易接受

for thousands or even millions of others like him

為成千上萬甚至數百萬像他一樣的人

And that could mean energy companies are forced

or risk losing billions of dollars in court.

或者冒著在法庭上損失數十億美元的風險。

between emissions in Germany and melting glaciers in Peru.

德國的排放和祕魯的冰川融化之間。

Noah Walker-Crawford, from the University of Manchester,

諾亞-沃克-克勞福德，來自曼徹斯特大學。

他解釋了為什麼薩烏爾要採取行動。

Saúl can see the impacts of climate change in Peru

薩烏爾可以看到祕魯氣候變化的影響

or it's not Peruvians who have caused this problem,

或者說，造成這個問題的不是祕魯人。

but it's rather big companies in other parts of the world,

但在世界其他地方是相當大的公司。

who've caused climate change through their pollution,

他們通過汙染造成了氣候變化。

and that's why he's taking this German company, RWE, to court,

這就是為什麼他要把這家德國公司RWE告上法庭。

arguing that they've made a big contribution to climate change,

辯稱他們對氣候變化做出了很大貢獻。

Saúl argues that RWE and other companies

have caused climate change, which is affecting him:

造成了氣候變化，這對他有影響。

the melting glaciers are partly their fault.

冰川融化在一定程度上是他們的錯。

So, they're using the kind of law you'd use

所以，他們使用的是你會使用的那種法律

to resolve conflicts between different neighbours.

是以，基本上Saúl是在對RWE說。

'You're my neighbour in a global context,

'在全球範圍內，你是我的鄰居。

because you're causing me harm or risk of harm via –

因為你通過......給我帶來傷害或傷害的風險。

through climate change, and as a neighbour,

通過氣候變化，以及作為一個鄰居。

  you need to take responsibility for this harm you're causing me.'

  你需要對你給我造成的這種傷害負責。

Saúl is using similar law to the kind used

to solve arguments between neighbours –

just in a global way, rather than locally.

只是在全球範圍內，而不是在在地。

So, why could this one case be important?

那麼，為什麼這一個案子會很重要呢？

So, this lawsuit is obviously only against one company

是以，這起訴訟顯然只針對一家公司

and it's over a small amount of money, around $20,000,

而且是在一個小的金額上，大約20,000美元。

which is small change for a big company like RWE.

這對像RWE這樣的大公司來說是個小變化。

But what this is really about is about setting a precedent.

但這真正的目的是要建立一個先例。

to hold big greenhouse gas emitters, big companies, responsible.

讓大的溫室氣體排放者、大公司負責。

And so if Saúl wins this case against RWE,

是以，如果Saúl贏得對RWE的這個案子。

other people who are affected by climate change

to sue lots of other companies in lots of other countries.

在很多其他國家起訴很多其他公司。

這個案子可能會成為一個先例。

other people would copy Saúl and take on many other companies.

其他人會模仿Saúl，並對許多其他公司下手。

So, what could I do, if I had a case like this?

那麼，如果我遇到這樣的情況，我可以做什麼？

If you want to take action on climate change,

如果你想對氣候變化採取行動。

that's a very difficult and complicated approach,

這是一個非常困難和複雜的方法。

because it costs a lot of money and it takes a long time.

因為這要花很多錢，而且需要很長的時間。

And actually what we really need is political solutions on climate change,

而實際上我們真正需要的是關於氣候變化的政治解決方案。

because the solution isn't going to be that everyone

who's affected will take a big energy company to court.

受影響的人將把一家大型能源公司告上法庭。

And what these kinds of lawsuits do, like Saúl's lawsuit,

而這類訴訟的作用，如薩烏爾的訴訟。

is that they put pressure on politicians to find long term solutions.

是他們對政治家施加壓力，以找到長期的解決方案。

Going to court takes a lot of time and money in a case like this.

在這樣的情況下，上法庭需要大量的時間和金錢。

Noah wants political solutions to climate change.

諾亞希望通過政治手段解決氣候變化問題。

Saúl's case shows an interesting approach:

薩烏爾的案例顯示了一種有趣的方法。

he's trying to get money he thinks he's owed for damages to his life.

他試圖獲得他認為自己應得的生活損失費。

But what if you just want to protect the environment itself?

但如果你只是想保護環境本身呢？

Laws are agreements between people or groups of people.

法律是人們或群體之間的協議。

通過生活在一個社會中，我已經同意了

that if I break the rules, I get punished.

如果我違反規則，我就會受到懲罰。

We've seen that lawyers are using laws which give rights to people

我們已經看到，律師正在利用賦予人們權利的法律

What if I want help with a problem like melting ice caps?

如果我想幫助解決像冰蓋融化這樣的問題怎麼辦？

It's hard to say exactly who's being harmed

so that makes it hard for lawyers to take action.

是以，這使得律師很難採取行動。

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我怎樣才能得到幫助？- BBC學習英語 (How can I get help? - BBC Learning English)

approach

context

basically

term