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  • We fly down a crack in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, and I always liken it to Luke Skywalker

    我們從太平洋中間的一個裂縫飛下去,我總是把它比作天行者盧克

  • zipping down the Death StarWe're in this very constrained area with Alvin, and on the

    在死星上飛馳。 我們和阿爾文在這個非常受限的區域,而在

  • sides, we have walls, and on the bottom, it's all volcanic with tube worms. It's a totally

    兩側有牆,底部是火山岩,有管狀蠕蟲。這是一個完全

  • alien landscape. Earth's final frontier is the ocean floorWe couldn't survive there.

    外星景觀。地球的最後疆域是洋底。我們不可能在那裡生存。

  • But life will find a way to fill any niche, and this environment is no exception. And

    但生活會找到一種方式來填補任何利基,這種環境也不例外。而且

  • that's one of the reasons why scientists are pushing to explore this extreme environment...

    這就是為什麼科學家們正在推動探索這個極端環境的原因之一...

  • before it's too late.

    在為時已晚之前。

  • It's really important for us to get down there and try and understand,

    對我們來說,到那裡去嘗試和了解真的很重要。

  • at a base level, what's happening and what may be happening as humans impact that environment.

    在一個基本水準上,正在發生什麼,以及在人類影響該環境時可能發生什麼。

  • Which means this historic sub is getting an upgrade. Alvin is a deep-submergence vehicle.

    這意味著這艘歷史悠久的潛艇正在得到升級。阿爾文號是一個深潛器。

  • It's a three-person machine designed to take people to some of the deepest places in the

    這是一臺三人機器,旨在將人們帶到一些最深的地方。

  • ocean. It's a 57-year-old program that has stayed operational for those 57 years and

    海洋。這是一個有57年曆史的項目,在這57年中一直保持運作,並且

  • continues to make some pretty amazing discoveries. Every time Alvin dives, we learn something

    繼續做出一些相當驚人的發現。每當阿爾文潛水時,我們都會學到一些東西

  • newOne of the most exciting discoveries I think was made in 1977, with the discovery

    新的。我認為最激動人心的發現之一是在1977年,發現了

  • of the hydrothermal vent systems. Just a few years ago, Alvin enabled

    的熱液噴口系統。 就在幾年前,阿爾文使

  • the discovery of this new deep coral environment. Because of these discoveries, Alvin is no

    發現了這個新的深海珊瑚環境。由於這些發現,阿爾文號不再是

  • stranger to making headlines...

    對上頭條很陌生...

  • These first glimpses are only the beginning.

    這些初步的瞥見只是一個開始。

  • But it was Alvin's exploration of Titanic in 1986 that brought the sub worldwide attention.

    但是,正是阿爾文在1986年對泰坦尼克號的探索使該潛艇受到了全世界的關注。

  • And that has helped turn Alvin into a cultural icon.

    而這有助於將阿爾文變成一個文化符號。

  • Behold the Alvin, Pinky. Our ticket to the ocean depths.

    看哪,阿爾文號,小粉紅。我們通往海洋深處的門票。

  • For years, Alvin's max depth was

    多年來,阿爾文的最大深度是

  • 4,500 meters, giving scientists access to close to two thirds of the ocean floorThere's

    4,500米,使科學家能夠進入接近三分之二的海底。這裡有

  • always a sense of excitement and anticipation before getting in the sub, and that just comes

    在進入潛艇之前,總是有一種興奮和期待的感覺,而這種感覺就是

  • from the fact that you are likely to see something that no one else has seen before

    因為你有可能看到別人沒有見過的東西。

  • and potentially make an important discovery.

    並有可能做出重要的發現。

  • Once you get in the water, you go from rocking and rolling on the surface of the ocean, and pretty

    一旦你進入水中,你就會從在海面上的搖晃和滾動,並相當

  • quickly, everything just calms down. And then there's this beautiful transition in color

    很快,一切都平靜下來了。然後出現了這種美麗的色彩過渡

  • as you go from kind of this light green color through these deep blues, all the way to black.

    當你從這種淺綠色到這些深藍色,一直到黑色。

  • When we get to about 100 meters off the bottom, we turn the lights on, we make a very slow

    當我們到達離底部約100米的地方時,我們打開燈,我們做了一個非常緩慢的

  • approach, and we'll hover right off the bottom. When three people get in a submarine, what

    接近,我們就會在底部盤旋。當三個人進入潛水艇時,什麼是

  • happens is they become a single entity. And you become this three-brained, six-eyed, human

    發生的情況是他們成為一個單一的實體。而你成為這個三腦六眼的人類

  • cyborg thing down there. I know that sounds crazy, but it's really the truth. You have

    下面有機械人的東西。我知道這聽起來很瘋狂,但這確實是事實。你有

  • a lot of plans, a lot of samples that need to be collected. There's an intense level

    大量的計劃,大量需要收集的樣本。有一個強烈的水準

  • of concentration and it goes by really quickly. It's really gratifying when you come off the

    集中精力,時間很快就過去了。當你離開時,這真的很令人高興。

  • bottom. You've got a basket full of samplesnot just for you, but for everyone, and you're

    底下。你有一個裝滿樣品的籃子,不僅是為你,也是為每個人,而且你是

  • heading home having accomplished what you wanted to accomplish. But for scientists and

    在完成了你想完成的任務後回家。但對於科學家和

  • explorers, there's still much more to seeand the current model is reaching its limits.

    探險家們,還有很多東西要看,而且目前的模式已經達到極限。

  • It's been around for more than 50 years. And over that time period, it's gone through major

    它已經存在了50多年。在這段時間裡,它經歷了主要的

  • upgrades and overhauls. So about 30% of the upgrades happened just about eight years ago

    升級和大修。是以,大約30%的升級就發生在大約八年前

  • and we're right at the end of stage twoSo Alvin's now going to be able to go

    而我們正處於第二階段的尾聲。所以阿爾文現在可以去

  • all the way to 6,500 meters. We'll now be able to dive with Alvin to 98%

    一直到6,500米。我們現在將能夠與阿爾文號一起潛水到98%的深度

  • of the ocean floor. And so this opens up a whole area of the ocean that is not well studied

    的洋底。是以,這開闢了整個海洋的一個沒有被很好研究的區域

  • and not well exploredTo find out what's down there, Alvin needed more than just a

    而且沒有得到很好的探索。為了找到下面的東西,阿爾文需要的不僅僅是一個

  • simple facelift. All the principal systems have pretty much been changedall high-tech

    簡單的改頭換面。所有的主要系統都已基本改變--所有的高科技

  • camera systems, the interface with all the science gear, control—a lot of really subtle

    攝像系統,與所有科學設備的接口,控制--許多真正微妙的問題。

  • things that people won't even notice. Including the white material on Alvin's exterior.

    人們甚至不會注意到的事情。包括阿爾文外觀上的白色材料。

  • That is syntactic foam. That is a material that's tiny hollow glass spheres embedded

    這就是合成泡沫塑料。那是一種嵌入微小空心玻璃球的材料。

  • in epoxyThis foam allows the 20 metric ton Alvin to achieve neutral buoyancy on the

    在環氧樹脂中。這種保麗龍使20公噸的阿爾文號在海上達到中性浮力。

  • seafloor. It helps keep the vessel in place, preventing it from sinking and rising when

    海底。它有助於保持船隻的位置,防止它下沉和上升,當

  • it doesn't need to. However, getting to neutral buoyancy is only one part of the quest

    它不需要這樣做。然而,達到中性浮力僅僅是追求的一部分。

  • to go deeper. The submersible needs to submerge. Woods Hole engineers outfitted Alvin with

    以求更深入。潛水器需要潛入水中。伍茲霍爾的工程師為阿爾文號裝備了

  • new titanium ballast spheres, which regulate the air to water ratio in these tanks. So

    新的鈦合金壓載球,可以調節這些水箱中的空氣和水的比例。所以

  • adding a little bit more air into those spheres or flooding it with a little bit more water,

    在這些球體中加入更多的空氣,或用更多的水來淹沒它。

  • lets you kind of fine tune where you are. And in the deep submergence game, you'll

    讓你對自己的位置進行微調。而在深潛游戲中,你會

  • start to see lots of titanium in these vehicles, and for good reasonThat's the titanium

    開始在這些車輛中看到大量的鈦,這是有原因的。這就是鈦合金

  • sphere that the pilots and the scientists are inside of. It's a bit bigger. It's a bit

    飛行員和科學家在裡面的球體。它有點大。它有點

  • thicker. There's no reason not to stick with this metal that's really tried and true for

    較厚。沒有理由不堅持使用這種真正久經考驗的金屬。

  • being extremely durable and resistant, not only to the pressure, but to the saltwater

    非常耐用,不僅能抗壓,而且能抗鹽水。

  • environment that you're in. So with those additions, it's ready now to dive to 6,500 meters.

    你所處的環境。是以,有了這些補充,它現在已經準備好下潛到6,500米。

  • Pushing to extreme ocean depths will allow Alvin to reach the entire abyssal zone,

    推進到極端的海洋深度將使阿爾文號能夠到達整個深淵區。

  • a famously unexplored region where few other crewed research subs can currently go. Even

    這是一個著名的未開發地區,目前很少有其他載人研究潛艇能去那裡。甚至

  • the world's most advanced nuclear subs can't reach these depths. It's pitch dark, the

    世界上最先進的核潛艇也無法到達這些深度。這裡一片漆黑,

  • pressure will crush you, temperatures are near freezing, and it's filled with creatures

    壓力會壓垮你,溫度接近冰點,而且充滿了生物

  • straight out of science fiction. So in the abyssal region, some things we want to look

    直接從科幻小說中走出來。是以,在深淵地區,我們要看的一些東西

  • at is, what is the biodiversity in this area? What is its role in the global carbon cycle?

    在是,這個地區的生物多樣性是什麼?它在全球碳循環中的作用是什麼?

  • What impacts have humans had already? We just don't really know. That's

    人類已經產生了什麼影響?我們只是沒有真正知道。這就是

  • because at the moment more than 80% of the ocean's depths are unmapped and unexploredWhile

    因為目前80%以上的海洋深處都沒有被測繪,沒有被開發。雖然

  • that leaves us with many unanswered questions, we do know that the ocean floor harbors a

    這給我們留下了許多未解之謎,但我們確實知道,海底蘊藏著一個

  • potential future gold rushThere's obviously a connection with deep sea mining and what

    未來潛在的淘金熱。顯然與深海採礦和什麼有關係

  • that impact will haveThere are iron manganese nodules that form in the

    這種影響將產生。有鐵錳結核形成於

  • abyssal ocean. They're becoming increasingly important potentially as a source of rare

    深淵海洋。它們正變得越來越重要,有可能成為珍稀資源的一個來源。

  • metals that allow us to build windmills and iPhones and electric car batteriesAlready,

    讓我們能夠建造風車、蘋果手機和電動汽車電池的金屬。已經是這樣了。

  • more than a dozen nations have begun exploring the Clarion-Clipperton Zone, a region in the

    十幾個國家已經開始探索克拉里昂-克利珀頓區。

  • Pacific Ocean that is estimated to have more cobalt and nickel than anywhere on land. Because

    據估計,太平洋上的鈷和鎳的含量比陸地上任何地方都多。因為

  • of that, the earliest extractions could start as soon as 2024. We're in a unique position

    其中,最早的開採可能在2024年就開始了。我們處於一個獨特的位置

  • to try and understand the environment that we're

    試圖瞭解我們所處的環境。

  • potentially will disrupt if we extract those resources.

    如果我們開採這些資源,有可能會破壞。

  • To understand how those ecosystems function. What happens if they're disrupted?

    要了解這些生態系統如何運作。如果它們被打亂會發生什麼?

  • The only way to protect something is to understand it. And Alvin is one tool to do that. These

    保護東西的唯一方法是瞭解它。而阿爾文是做到這一點的一個工具。這些

  • engineers are working through the vehicle's final preparations. We head out to Bermuda,

    工程師正在進行車輛的最後準備工作。我們向百慕大出發。

  • and we start our sea trials where we put the sub in the water progressively over a period

    我們開始進行海試,在一段時間內逐步將潛艇放入水中。

  • of about two and a half weeks and after these trials wrap up, Alvin will finally make its

    大約兩週半的時間,在這些試驗結束後,阿爾文將最終使其

  • debut in the Abyssal zoneThe deep ocean has been ignored, not necessarily by will,

    在深淵區首次亮相。深海一直被忽視,不一定是出於意願。

  • but by technology. And I'm really excited that we're going to have the ability to add

    但是通過技術。我真的很興奮,我們將有能力增加

  • that piece of the planet to our understanding of the whole. Everything behind me is new

    在我們對整體的理解中,地球的那一部分是新的。我身後的一切是新的

  • enough where it could easily last another 50 yearsWhen we have a kind of unknown

    足夠了,它可以很容易地再持續50年。當我們有一種未知的

  • in front of us, we want to explore it and I think it's the ocean's time.

    在我們面前,我們想探索它,我想這是海洋的時間。

We fly down a crack in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, and I always liken it to Luke Skywalker

我們從太平洋中間的一個裂縫飛下去,我總是把它比作天行者盧克

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