Name: 世界空間周。誰擁有太空？ (World Space Week: Who owns space?)
Uploaded: 2021-10-05T16:50:29.000Z
Duration: 9 min 9 s

現在進行式

First countries, now companies, are trying to get into space,

首先是國家，現在是公司，都在試圖進入太空。

情態助動詞 A2

but can they keep what they find up there?

但他們能保留他們在上面發現的東西嗎？

we'll show you how the law is ahead of them.

我們會告訴你法律是如何領先於他們的。

We've passed the six-minute mark in our countdown for Apollo 11.

我們已經超過了阿波羅11號倒計時的6分鐘標誌。

Could any country ever take over another planet?

是否有任何國家能夠接管另一個星球？

In general, the international space law works...

一般來說，國際空間法的工作...

then the other person would probably keep you out as well.

那麼另一個人可能也會把你擋在外面。

but what can companies actually own from space?

但公司從太空中能真正擁有什麼？

When America landed the first man on the moon,

當美國的第一個人在月球上著陸時。

why didn't he just say it was US property?

他為什麼不直接說這是美國的財產？

If Russia became the first state to send someone to Mars,

如果俄羅斯成為第一個送人上火星的國家。

It says no country can claim any part of outer space:

它說，任何國家都不能對外層空間的任何部分提出要求。

But in 2020, eight countries signed the Artemis Accords.

但在2020年，八個國家簽署了《阿特米斯協議》。

who are taking part in the Artemis programme,

an American-led effort to land on the moon.

一個由美國上司的登陸月球的努力。

China, India and even big companies are blasting off into space.

中國、印度，甚至大公司都在向太空爆破。

So how does the law help decide who owns what they find up there?

那麼，法律如何幫助決定誰擁有他們在上面發現的東西？

Commercial space lawyer, Deepika Jayakodi,

商業空間律師，迪皮卡-賈亞科迪。

explained what the first major bit of space law – the Outer Space Treaty –

解釋了第一部重要的空間法--《外層空間條約》--的內容。

says about what countries can own in space.

說的是國家可以在太空中擁有什麼。

There's one article which says that the Moon

and then there's another article that says that

任何國家都不能在太空中佔有一席之地。

you cannot appropriate a portion of space.

是以，雖然你可以使用的東西---

the structures that you build on the Moon or a celestial body –

你在月球或天體上建造的結構----。

you cannot really claim to own the territory in which you put this.

你不能真正聲稱擁有你的領土，你把這個。

while you can use things you find in space,

而你可以使用你在太空中找到的東西。

you can't actually claim somewhere as your territory

你不能把某個地方作為你的領土。

and stop other countries from using it too.

What does this mean if a country wants to build a Moon base?

如果一個國家想建立一個月球基地，這意味著什麼？

一個國家可以在月球上建立一個基地

and you can use the materials that are available on the Moon

而且你可以使用月球上的材料。

to build this base: you could use the Moon rocks,

來建造這個基地：你可以使用月球上的岩石。

你可以使用月球上的灰塵等等。

So, you own the resources as soon as they are extracted from the Moon.

是以，一旦資源從月球上被提取出來，你就擁有了這些資源。

But you don't own the territory from which you extract these resources.

但你並不擁有你開採這些資源的領土。

but still wouldn't own the part of the Moon they're on.

但仍然不會擁有他們所在的月球部分。

They can use the things they find up there, such as water or rocks.

他們可以利用他們在上面發現的東西，如水或石頭。

So, could you keep another country out of your base?

那麼，你能把另一個國家擋在你的基地之外嗎？

and ensure that it is accessible to others

as long as they provide you access to their site or base as well.

只要他們也為你提供訪問他們網站或基地的機會。

between the countries and organisations involved.

If you keep people off your base, they'd do the same to you.

如果你讓人們遠離你的基地，他們也會對你做同樣的事。

Deepika explained why there's a disagreement over the Artemis Accords.

迪皮卡解釋了為什麼對《阿特米斯協議》有分歧。

These principles reflect already the principles in the Outer Space Treaty

這些原則已經反映了《外層空間條約》中的原則。

and the concern of some countries and scholars

is that these principles reflect a US position

是，這些原則反映了美國的立場

and it is important that it takes into account

the different perspectives coming in from different parts of the world.

來自世界不同地區的不同觀點。

The US came up with these new rules with a number of other countries.

美國與其他一些國家一起提出了這些新規則。

一些專家擔心《阿特米斯協議》

rather than working with the whole world.

So, while countries can use what they find in space,

是以，雖然各國可以利用他們在太空中發現的東西。

it's harder to say they own a planet or a moon.

說他們擁有一顆行星或一個月球就更難了。

But what if we're not just talking about countries?

但如果我們不只是在談論國家呢？

When the space race started last century,

it was a competition between the United States and the Soviet Union.

這是一場美國和蘇聯之間的競爭。

但現在，一場新的競賽正在進行中。

Amazon's Jeff Bezos and Tesla's Elon Musk

亞馬遜的傑夫-貝佐斯和特斯拉的伊隆-馬斯克

don't simply want us to get back into space,

they want us to stay there – with talks of cities on Mars...

他們希望我們留在那裡--談論火星上的城市...

Dr Thomas Cheney, from the Open University,

托馬斯-切尼博士，來自開放大學。

explains how the law covers what private companies can own.

解釋了法律如何涵蓋私人公司可以擁有的東西。

within the international space law system,

but property law is based on the country that you are from,

但財產法是基於你所在的國家。

So, you know, you have to get permission from your government

所以，你知道，你必須得到政府的許可

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