from BBC Learning English.

來自BBC學習英語。

I'm Neil.

我是尼爾。

And I'm Sam.

而我是山姆。

Last weekend I was driving from London to

上週末我從倫敦開車到

Anglesey in Wales when

威爾士的安格爾西，當

I saw a road sign written in two

我看到一個路牌上寫著兩個字

languages. It said, 'Welcome

語言。它說："歡迎

to Wales' in English, and below that,

到威爾士'的英語，以及下面的。

it said 'Croeso I Gymru' in Welsh.

上面寫著 "Croeso I Gymru "的威爾士語。

Yes, Welsh is spoken by many

是的，很多人都說威爾士語

people in north Wales. It's the

在威爾士北部的人們。它是

indigenous language – the language

土著語言--語言

spoken by the people who originally

語的人。

lived in a place, rather than by others

生活在一個地方，而不是由別人來做

who moved there from

他從那裡搬到了

somewhere else.

在其他地方。

Welsh is a good example of an

威爾士是一個很好的例子，它是一個

indigenous language that has survived.

這是被保存下來的土著語言。

Some children speak Welsh

有些孩子會說威爾士語

in school and the local government

在學校和地方政府

has encouraged its spread.

鼓勵了它的傳播。

But not all indigenous languages

但並非所有的土著語言

have been so lucky, as we'll be finding

我們將發現，我們是如此幸運，因為我們將發現

out in this programme.

在這個方案中。

Of course, languages are more

當然，語言是更

than just words – they carry

不僅僅是文字--它們帶有

people's history, culture, and identity. So,

人民的歷史、文化和身份。所以。

when an indigenous language

當一種土著語言

disappears so too

也消失了

does the culture.

文化是這樣的。

Yes, the dominance of international

是的，國際的主導地位

languages, including English,

包括英語在內的各種語言。

has endangered other less-spoken

已經危及到其他不太會說話的

languages. So, here's my

語言。是以，這裡是我的

quiz question, Sam. Did you know

測驗問題，山姆。你知道嗎？

that nearly 7,000 different languages

近7,000種不同的語言

are spoken around the world?

世界各地的人都在談論這個問題？

But how many of these are indigenous?

但其中有多少人是土著？

Is it: a) 3,000?

是：a) 3,000？

b) 4,000? or c) 5,000?

b) 4,000? 或 c) 5,000?

Hmmm, I'll say b) 4,000 languages.

嗯，我說b）4000種語言。

Ok, Sam, we'll find out the answer

好的，山姆，我們會找到答案的

at the end of the programme.

在方案結束時。

One indigenous language speaker is

一位講土著語言的人是

Mshkogaabwid Kwe. She's from Canada,

姆什科加布維德-奎。她來自加拿大。

or 'Turtle Island' as it's called

或稱 "龜島 "的地方

by her tribe.

由她的部落。

She grew up speaking English

她從小就講英語

instead of her native language,

而不是她的母語。

Anishinaabemowin, which she

Anishinaabemowin，她說

only learned later,

後來才知道。

as an adult.

作為一個成年人。

Listen to Mshkogaabwid speaking

聽聽Mshkogaabwid的講話

with BBC World Service programme,

與BBC世界服務節目。

The Conversation, about how

The Conversation，關於如何

she felt learning Anishinaabemowin

她覺得學習Anishinaabemowin

later in life.

以後的生活中。

When I realised that the sounds that

當我意識到，這些聲音

were coming out of my mouth were the

從我嘴裡說出來的是

same sounds that had come out of my

我也曾發出過同樣的聲音

ancestors' mouths thousands of years

祖先的嘴幾千年來都是如此

ago I felt a deep sense of who

前，我深深地感覺到了誰

I was and what it means to be

我是什麼人，意味著什麼

Anishinaabemowbec and it

Anishinaabemowbec和它

made me realise that my

讓我意識到，我的

dream of learning this language

夢想學習這種語言

and passing it on to my

並將其傳遞給我的

children was now accessible,

現在可以接觸到兒童了。

was now reachable, attainable.

現在是可以達到的，可以實現的。

And, you know, after a couple of

而且，你知道，經過幾個月的

months, I was able to understand

幾個月來，我能夠理解

one full prayer that was said

一個完整的祈禱，說

at a ceremony feast and the

在一個儀式的盛宴上和

glee in me and the feeling of

我心中的喜悅和

joy at being able to understand

能夠理解的喜悅

something in my own language,

用我自己的語言說些什麼。

it was the most profound

這是最深刻的

sense of confidence.

信心的感覺。

Learning to speak the language

學習語言

of her ancestors gave

她的祖先給了

Mshkogaabwid glee – a

Mshkogaabwid glee - a

feeling of happiness, pleasure, or

幸福感、快樂感、或

excitement.

興奮。

Although she didn't grow up speaking

雖然她在成長過程中沒有說過

Anishinaabemowin she now wants to

Anishinaabemowin她現在想

pass it on to her children. To pass

把它傳給她的孩子。要傳遞

something on means to give it to

的意思是把它交給

someone, usually in your family,

有人，通常是你的家人。

who lives on after you die.

你死後誰還活著。

Mshkogaabwid's decision to

Mshkogaabwid的決定為

raise her children speaking

撫養她的孩子說話

Anishinaabemowin turned out to

Anishinaabemowin原來是

be the right one, as she explained

是正確的，因為她解釋說

to BBC World Service programme,

到英國廣播公司的世界服務節目。

The Conversation.

The Conversation.

There are lots of bumps in the

有很多顛簸的地方

road but it's going very well.

路，但進展非常順利。

My daughter is turning four and

我的女兒快四歲了

she completely understands

她完全理解

the language. Being put back

的語言。被放回

into day care, which she's

進入日託所，她是

only been there maybe a month,

只在那裡呆了大概一個月。

has really influences her

真的影響了她

English… so I notice she's

英語...所以我注意到她是

speaking a lot of English

說大量的英語

and so that was a little bit

是以，這有一點

rough for the family being

對家庭來說是粗暴的。

an immersion home where we

一個沉浸式的家，在那裡我們

only speak Anishinaabemowin

只說Anishinaabemowin語

when in the home, for there

在家裡的時候，因為有

to be so much English, and

是如此多的英語，和

only recently, over the last

只是最近，在過去

week and a half, have we

一週半的時間，我們有沒有

really noticed her switch

真正注意到她的轉換

and her shift back into

和她轉變回

using the language.

使用該語言。

Bringing up her children to

將她的孩子們培養成

speak her indigenous language

說她的土著語言

wasn't easy and Mshkogaabwid

並非易事，Mshkogaabwid

says there were some bumps in the road -

他說，道路上有一些顛簸 --

small problems or delays

小問題或延誤

that slowed down or

緩慢的或

stopped things from developing.

阻止了事情的發展。

To help, her family spoke only

為了幫助，她的家人只講

Anishinaabemowin at home, using a

Anishinaabemowin在家裡，用一個

technique called immersion - the

稱為浸泡的技術------------。

process of learning a language

學習語言的過程

or skill by using only that

或技能，只使用該

and nothing else.

而不是其他。

This meant that Mshkogaabwid's

這意味著，Mshkogaabwid的

children spoke both English - at school

孩子們既講英語--在學校

and Anishinaabemowin - at home. She

和Anishinaabemowin - 在家。她

noticed how they changed between

注意到他們是如何在不同的時期發生變化的

languages when speaking, something

語言說話時，有些東西

known as code-switching.

被稱為代碼切換。

Mshkogaabwid believes this not only

Mshkogaabwid認為這不僅是

helps her children's development but

有助於她的孩子的發展，但

also gives them a sense of family

也給他們一種家庭的感覺

history, as well as preserving her

紀念品的歷史，以及保存她的

traditional culture...

傳統文化...

…a culture she hopes they

...一種她希望他們

will pass on to their children in turn.

將依次傳遞給他們的孩子。

So while indigenous cultures are

是以，雖然土著文化是

threatened by big global languages,

受到全球大語言的威脅。

there's still hope that many

仍有希望，許多

will survive into the future.

將生存到未來。

Which reminds me of your

這讓我想起了你的

quiz question, Neil.

測驗問題，尼爾。

Was my answer, right?

是我的答案，對嗎？

Ah yes, I asked Sam how many of the

啊，對了，我問過薩姆，有多少個

7,000 languages spoken around the

世界各地有7,000種語言

world are indigenous.

全世界都是土著。

And I thought it was b) 4,000 languages.

而我認為是b）4000種語言。

Which was the correct answer! And

這就是正確的答案!還有

what's amazing is that although

令人驚訝的是，雖然

indigenous peoples make up under 6%

土著人民所佔比例低於6%。

of the global population, they speak

在全球人口中，他們說

more than 4,000 of the world's

世界上有超過4,000個

languages.

語言。

OK, Neil, let's recap the vocabulary from

好的，尼爾，讓我們回顧一下詞彙，從

this programme on indigenous

本方案是關於土著的

languages – languages spoken by the

語言--由

people who originally lived in a place

原居地居民

rather than others who came later.

而不是後來的其他人。

Glee is a feeling of happiness

歡樂是一種幸福的感覺

or excitement.

或興奮。

If you pass something on, you give it to

如果你把東西傳下去，你就把它交給

someone, usually in your family, who

某人，通常是你的家人，他

lives on after you.

在你之後繼續生存。

A bump in the road is asmall problem or

道路上的顛簸是一個小問題或

delay that slows things down.

拖延，使事情變慢。

Immersion is the process of learning

沉浸式學習是指學習的過程

something, like a language or a skill, by

某種東西，如一種語言或技能，通過

using only that and nothing else.

只用這個，不用別的。

And finally, code-switching is the ability to

最後，代碼轉換是一種能力，能夠

change between two or more languages

在兩種或多種語言之間轉換

when speaking.

說話時。

That's all from us.

這都是我們的事。

Bye for now!

暫時再見

Bye bye!

再見!