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  • Hey! What's up! Welcome to English Mania! My name is Antonia Romaker

  • and today we'll compare should and ought to. First of all, grammatically speaking we need to understand

  • that should is a modal verb.

  • What does it mean? it means that we use it without the particle to when there's a verb after it.

  • So we say: We should go home now. It's really late.

  • Should go, we don't say should to go, like in the sentence: I want to go home.

  • In addition should doesn't have any other tense forms.

  • There's just one form should and that's it.

  • And finally when we create a question or a negative sentence we do not need any auxiliary verbs.

  • So we use should as an auxiliary verb and therefore we have: Should we go home now or stay?

  • I think we shouldn't get into his hair. No auxiliary verbs necessary.

  • So should is a modal verb, while ought to is a semi-modal verb.

  • On the one hand, you need to use the particle two after it. We ought to go home now.

  • But on the other hand, we do not need any auxiliary verbs.

  • Ought we to go home now? And moreover, we do not need the ending s in Present Simple.

  • She ought to help him. The same goes for should. She should help him.

  • We can often use either should or ought to to talk about obligations and recommendations.

  • Your boss might say to you: You should finish your work before you go home.

  • Or: You ought to finish your work before you go home.

  • There is a tiny difference here, however. When you use the verb should you presuppose that it is your opinion.

  • You think so. The speaker thinks like that.

  • But when you use ought to, it is more neutral and you talk about some general obligation.

  • The circumstances make us do something. We also use should and ought to to talk about probability.

  • But here ought to is not that common. Hmm... she should be ready by now.

  • Wonder where she is.

  • I mean I think she's ready but I'm not sure.

  • Let's take a look at several examples with the semi-modal verb ought to.

  • Phew! We ought to do more exercise. You oughtn't to speak to your father like this.

  • Notice we don't use the axillary verb, we don't say 'you don't ought to'.

  • You oughtn't to speak to your father like that. Ought she to call the police?

  • Once again no axillary and no ending s.

  • However, I need to point out that ought is mostly used in statements.

  • It's not that common in questions and negative sentences.

  • Better use should in questions and negative sentences.

  • And all in all, should is more common.

  • Ought to is a little bit more formal and it's not usually used a lot in writing.

  • We also prefer should when we deal with some recommendations from outside authorities.

  • The sign says you should kill the motor before you fill up the tank.

  • In addition when we give some advice using the pronoun I,

  • better use should or would. I should leave early tomorrow if I were you.

  • I would leave early tomorrow if I were you. It's a very important interview.

  • We use the construction should or ought to plus a perfect infinitive

  • to talk about the past. What is the perfect infinitive?

  • Here we use the axillary verb have plus the past participle of the full verb.

  • Should have done something or ought to have done something.

  • So we use this construction to talk about something

  • that didn't happen in the past and we are sorry that it didn't.

  • Everyone knows that this is a very busy restaurant we should have made a reservation.

  • We ought to have made a reservation. Here there is an additional meaning

  • of regret and a bit of criticism. You should have come, she was so angry, that you didn't.

  • You ought to have come, or we can use a negative form.

  • You shouldn't have come, she was so angry. She is always angry it doesn't matter what you do.

  • And one more use here, when somebody gives you a gift you can say: Oh, you shouldn't have! Thank you!

  • Like you shouldn't have bought it, you shouldn't have bothered to buy me a gift.

  • So it's a set expression which people say but they don't actually mean it.

  • We also use this construction to talk about an expectation

  • that something happened, has happened or will happen.

  • If the flight was on time he should have arrived in London early this morning.

  • Or he ought to have arrived in London early this morning. Also possible.

  • Okay, that's it for today, I hope that now you do not confuse should and ought to.

  • You will avoid making common mistakes with these words.

  • And if you have any questions as usual write a comment, I will try to answer as soon as possible.

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  • And I hope to see you soon! Happy English and Russian practice! Bye!

Hey! What's up! Welcome to English Mania! My name is Antonia Romaker

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A2 初級 美國腔

Should vs Ought to, English modal verbs

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    nao 發佈於 2021 年 09 月 08 日
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