Name: 到底什麼是中介學習法呢？ (The Feuerstein Method: Learning Through Mediation)
Uploaded: 2021-09-30T21:01:20.000Z
Duration: 4 min 33 s

轉承詞

Intelligence is not a fixed trait because anyone, regardless of age, background or disability can improve their cognitive capacity.

智力不是一個固定的特質，因為任何人，無論年齡、背景或殘疾，都可以提高他們的認知能力。

情態副詞

The key for that to happen successfully is human mediation.

成功實現這一目標的關鍵需要人為的中介。

基礎被動語態

This idea is based on the theory of Reuven Feuerstein, a psychologist who was working with children arriving as immigrants in Israel from North African communities in the 1950s.

這個想法是基於魯文費爾斯坦的理論，他是一位心理學家，在 1950 年代為從北非移民到以色列的兒童工作。

To determine their school placement, the children were subjected to a series of assessments, including I.Q. tests.

為了確定他們在學校的程度，孩子們接受了一系列評估，包括智商測驗。

During the assessments, Feuerstein noticed that while some children learned a new task very easily, others didn't.

在評估過程中，費爾斯坦注意到，有些兒童非常容易學會一項新的任務，但其他兒童卻不然。

Under closer examination, he realized that the first group was raised in environments that favored the transmission of local culture from generation to generation. In other words, their minds had received an adequate amount of mediated learning experience.

仔細觀察後他發現，第一組人是在有利於當地文化代代相傳的環境中長大的，換句話說，他們的腦中已經接受了足夠數量的中介學習經驗。

The second group was deprived of their original culture and didn't experience such natural learning.

第二組則被剝奪了他們的原始文化，沒有經歷過這種自然的學習。

Feuerstein then developed his method and began to distinguish two types of learning — direct and indirect. Children who only experience direct learning may never reach their full potential; kids who also learn indirectly can.

費爾斯坦隨後發展了他的方法並開始區分兩種類型的學習，即直接學習和間接學習；只經歷直接學習的兒童可能永遠無法發揮其全部潛力，但是間接學習的孩子卻可以。

To help the children who were deprived of indirect learning experiences, mediation comes in.

為了幫助那些被剝奪間接學習經驗的孩子，中介在這時就需要介入。

The mediator curates the learning journey, select meaningful materials, sparks the child's curiosity and provides comfort and feedback.

中介者負責策劃學習過程，選擇有意義的教材，激發孩子的好奇心，並提供安慰和反饋。

Gradually, the child then internalizes this guided experience and becomes capable of self-mediation that enhances the direct learning.

逐漸地，孩子會接納有指導意義的經驗，並變得有能力進行自我中介，加強直接學習。

In other terms, mediation strengthens the cognitive modifiability and as a result, the child will learn more effectively which is the essence of intelligence.

換句話說，中介學習加強了認知修改，所以孩子會更有效地學習，這就是智力的本質。

Based on these findings, Feuerstein developed a dynamic assessment of our cognitive process and a program of cognitive intervention.

基於這些發現，費爾斯坦開發了對我們認知過程的動態評估和認知干預的方案。

The dynamic assessment focuses on measuring someone's learning potential based on the progress they have made as a result of mediation.

動態評估的重點是根據某人在中介學習中取得的進展來衡量他的學習潛力。

The cognitive intervention program provides children and adults with books, tools and materials that enhance their problem-solving skills. This method is also known as instrumental enrichment.

認知干預計劃為兒童和成人提供書籍、工具和材料，以提升他們解決問題的能力，這種方法也被稱為運用工具性充實。

Feuerstein continued to work with hundreds of children, and was able to document dramatic improvements in the ability among those who received intensive mediation of cognitive  strategies.

費爾斯坦持續與數百名兒童合作，並成功記錄那些接受認知策略強化中介的兒童在能力上的巨大改善。

Even children who were considered unteachable, eventually made it to mainstream schools or universities.

即使是那些被認為無法教育的兒童，最終也能進入主流學校或大學。

Today, tens of thousands have been taught using Reuven Feuerstein's methods.

至今，已經有數萬人接受魯文費爾斯坦的學習方法。

For educators, he left the following advice, "If you are not prepared to look at your people's strengths, don't touch their weaknesses."

他留下了以下這句建議給教育工作者：「如果你沒有看到對方的長處，就不要戳他們的短處。 」

What are your thoughts? Do you agree that anyone can increase their intelligence and become a better learner?

你的想法是什麼呢？你同意任何人都可以提高自己的智力，成為一個更好的學生嗎？

To learn more about the method, visit our website or reach out to the people from the Feuerstein Institute, which continues the work of its founder to this day.

瞭解更多關於該方法的資訊，請到我們的網站或聯繫費爾斯坦研究所的人員，該研究所至今仍在持續其創始人創立的工作。

Sprouts videos are published under the creative commons license. That means our videos are free and anyone can download, edit and play them for personal use. And public schools, governments and nonprofit organizations can also use them for training online courses or designing new curriculums

Sprouts 影片是在創意共享許可下發布的，這意味著我們的影片是免費的，任何人都可以下載、編輯和播放，另外個人使用，公立學校、政府和非營利組織也可以將其用於培訓在線課程或設計新課程。

To help us stay independent and support our work, you can join our Patrons and contribute,  just visit patreon.com/sprouts.

為了幫助我們獨立運作以及支持我們的工作，你可以成為我們的贊助商，只需要前往 patreon.com/sprouts 就可以贊助我們了。