Name: 【BBC 英語】游泳曾被認為不雅觀？游泳的歷史 (The history of swimming - 6 Minute English)
Uploaded: 2021-09-15T21:01:10.000Z
Duration: 6 min 43 s

嗨，我是 BBC 英文學習網的 Neil。

情態副詞

Did you know that we are now offering a new weekly extra episode of 6 Minute English – exclusively on our website!?

你知道現在在我們的網站上有《六分鐘學英文》的獨家額外集數嗎？

So, go to bbclearingenglish.com to find your favourite presenters  on your favourite programme!

快去 bbclearningenglish.com 收看你最愛的主持人所製作的節目吧！

The extra episodes are only available on our website – bbclearningenglish.com.

這些額外的集數只有在我們的網站：bbclearningenglish.com 上獨家播出。

6 minute English, from bbclearningenglish.com

《六分中學英文》，由 bbclearningenglish.com 製作播出。

Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.

你好，歡迎來到 BBC 英文學習網製作的《六分鐘學英文》節目。我是 Neil。

I can, Neil. I learned to swim as a child and now I enjoy swimming for exercise and to relax.

我當然會囉，Neil。我從小就學會了游泳，而如今的我則是將游泳作為運動和放鬆的手段來享受。

In the summer hundreds of keen swimmers, like Georgina, head off to swimming pools, lakes and beaches to take a dip — an informal idiom meaning 'go for a swim'.

在夏季，數百名像是 Georgina 這樣熱衷於游泳的人們，會前往游泳池、湖泊和海灘「戲水 (take a dip)」，也就是「游泳」的非正式俗語。

Swimming has many health benefits and since ancient times has been used to promote strength and well-being.

游泳對健康有很多好處，而且自古以來就被用來作為增強體力和健康的手段。

But swimming's not just about exercise — there's far more to it beneath the surface as we'll be finding out in this programme on the history of swimming.

但游泳可不僅僅是為了鍛鍊身體而已，其實背後還有許多更深刻的故事，而我們將會在本期討論游泳歷史的節目中詳細探討。

Although evidence suggests that ancient Mediterranean people dived eagerly into temple pleasure pools, lakes and the sea, other cultures have 'swum against the tide' — another swimming idiom there, Neil — meaning 'not to follow what everyone else is doing'.

儘管有證據表明，在遠古時地中海地區的人們便熱切地潛下寺廟的戲水池、湖泊和大海盡情游泳，但其他文化則「逆流而行 (swum against the tide)」－這又是另一個跟游泳有關的俗語，Neil，意思是「不跟其他人做一樣的事情」。

Someone who did enjoy swimming was the poet, Lord Byron.

而歷史上有位喜歡游泳的詩人，他就是拜倫勳爵。

He wrote poems popularising the sport and in 1810 swam the Hellespont, a stretch of water separating Europe from Asia.

他寫詩普及了這項運動，並在 1810 年時泳渡了將歐洲與亞洲分隔開來的赫勒斯滂。

But in which modern country can the Hellespont be found — that's my quiz question, Georgina.

但赫勒斯滂在現今的哪一個國家呢？這就是我今天的題目了，Georgina。

Is it: a) Greece? b) Cyprus? or c) Turkey?

是 a) 希臘？b) 塞普勒斯？或 c) 土耳其？

I think Lord Byron visited Istanbul, so I'll say c) Turkey.

我想拜倫勳爵應該訪問過伊斯坦布爾，所以應該是 c) 土耳其。

OK, we'll find out the answer at the end of the programme.

好的，我們會在節目的最後找到答案。

For all its good points, swimming seems to have lost its appeal in Europe after the decline of the Roman Empire.

雖然游泳有很多好處，但這個活動卻似乎在羅馬帝國傾頹之後逐漸在歐洲失去了吸引力。

According to historian and swimming enthusiast, Professor Kevin Dawson, the rise of Christian beliefs discouraged swimming, as he explains here to BBC World Service programme, The Forum:

根據歷史學家與游泳愛好者 Kevin Dawson 教授的說法，基督宗教的興起阻卻了游泳活動。以下是他在 BBC 國際頻道《論壇》節目的受訪片段：

You have some beliefs that water is this unsafe space, unnatural space for human beings — that it's a perpetuation of the chaos that existed before God created land, or that water is a mechanism for punishment like the Great Flood story or pharaoh's army being destroyed in the Red Sea.

有人相信水域是個不安全，且對人類而言不自然的空間。他們認為水域是上帝在創造出陸地之前所留下的混亂的延續，或是一種如聖經中的大洪水，或是在紅海用以擊潰法老軍隊的某種上帝懲戒人類的方式。

But then there's also beliefs that swimming is immodest — most people at the time swam nude and so church officials discouraged swimming because they felt that it lead to immodest behaviour.

但也有人單純認為游泳是不雅觀的事情。由於當時人們大多直接裸泳，因此教會的神官們便勸阻人們不要游泳，因為他們覺得這樣的活動會導致不雅觀的行為。

As well as being considered unsafe or chaotic, swimming was seen as immodest — shocking because it shows too much of the body.

除了被認為不安全或混亂以外，游泳也被認為不雅觀 (immodest)：因為顯露出太多的肌膚而令人震驚。

This was because most people at the time swam nude — naked, without clothes.

這是因為大多數人當時是游泳時赤身裸體 (nude)：裸著沒穿衣服。

Another place with a long history of swimming is the remote Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean.

另一個有著悠久游泳歷史的地方是在印度洋上，偏遠的馬爾地夫群島。

In the Maldives, access to shallow, warm sea-water lakes called lagoons makes it an unbeatable place for swimming.

馬爾地夫有著許多被稱作潟湖的溫暖淺水海湖，讓它成為了游泳的絕佳地點。

But even on a tropical island, things haven't always gone swimmingly as diver and Maldives resident, Mikael Rosen, told BBC World Service programme, The Forum.

但即便是在這樣一個熱帶島嶼上，事情也不會總是一帆風順，而潛水員與馬爾地夫當地居民 Mikael Rosen 在 BBC 國際頻道節目《論壇》上便訴說了一些問題。

Listen for the reason Mikael gives for the change in people's attitudes to swimming in the Maldives.

聽聽看 Mikael 說為什麼馬爾地夫的人們對游泳的態度有所變化。

Most citizens of the Maldives have half a mile to a lukewarm lagoon.

大多數的馬爾地夫公民住在離溫暖的潟湖不到半英里遠的地方。

Given that, they could be world leaders in swimming, but in the 1960s the government recruited a lot of teachers from India, Sri Lanka.

在這種條件下，他們本來可以成為世界級的游泳健將，但在 1960 年代時，政府從印度與斯里蘭卡招募了大量的教師。

They didn't know anything about the water culture and they noticed that the young students playing hooky — they were in the lagoons, and swimming soon got frowned upon, but now the government and the local organisations — they try to reclaim swimming.

他們對本地的戲水文化一無所知，而他們發現了學生會翹課去潟湖玩耍，於是便對游泳活動產生了不量的印象，但現在政府與當地組織正在重新推廣游泳活動。

Did you hear the reason Mikael gave, Neil?

你有聽到 Mikael 給出的原因嗎，Neil？

Yes, he said that young students were playing hooky to go swimming in the lagoons.

有，他說年輕的學生們會翹課跑去潟湖游泳。

Play hooky is an informal way of saying 'stay away from school without permission'.

「翹課 (play hooky)」是對「未經允許便離開學校」的非正式說法。

Right, and that meant swimming quickly got frowned upon, or disapproved of.

對，而這意味著游泳很快就成為了被看不起 (frowned upon)，或不被認可的活動。

It seems a bit unfair since there was already a strong culture of swimming in the Maldives which the arriving teachers didn't fully appreciate.

這似乎有點不公平，因為馬爾地夫在當時已有深厚的游泳文化，而從外地來的老師們卻無法欣賞這樣的文化。

Well, I know which I'd rather do — sit in a classroom or swim in a warm tropical lagoon!

這個嘛，如果要我選是呆坐在教室裡或在溫暖的熱帶潟湖游泳的話，我肯定毫不猶豫！

Swimming, right? But then you would never have learned about Lord Byron.

你一定會選擇去游泳對吧？但這樣你就沒辦法學到拜倫勛爵的故事了。

Yes, in your quiz question you asked me about Lord Byron swimming the Hellespont, a stretch of water separating Europe from Asia.

對了，你在測驗問題中問了我關於拜倫勛爵泳渡過，將歐洲與亞洲分隔開來的赫勒斯滂的問題。

I asked you in which country the Hellespont can be found.

我問了你可以在哪個國家找到赫勒斯滂。

Is it: a) Greece? b) Cyprus? or c) Turkey? What did you say?

是 a) 希臘？ b) 塞普勒斯？ 或 c) 土耳其？你之前說是？

我說是 c) 土耳其。我答對了嗎？

The Hellespont, also known as the Straits of Dardanelles, is a six-kilometre-wide stretch of water in Turkey.

赫勒斯滂也被稱為達達尼爾海峽，是一片在土耳其中六公里寬的水域。

Let's recap the vocabulary from this programme on swimming, which some people informally call taking a dip.

讓我們來回顧一下以下本期關於游泳的節目中的單字吧。在非正式場合，有些人會把游泳稱為「戲水 (taking a dip)」。

Someone who swims against the tide refuses to do what everyone else is doing.

逆流而行 (swum against the tide) 的意思是不與其他人做一樣的事情。

In the past, swimming was considered immodest — shocking because it showed too much of the body.

在過去，游泳是被認為是不雅觀 (immodest) 的，也就是因為暴露太多肌膚而讓人震驚。

Another word for naked or not wearing any clothes is nude.

用來描述裸體或不穿任何衣服的詞是赤身裸體 (nude)。

Children who play hooky stay away from school without permission.

孩子們翹課 (play hooky) 的意思是不經允許便離開學校。

And finally, if something is 'frowned upon' it's disapproved of.

最後一個單字則是看不起 (frowned upon)，也就是不被認同的意思。

That s all for our dive into the deep end of the vocabulary of swimming.

以上就是我們對有關游泳單字「深入淺出」的解析。

As we've discovered, there's plenty of idioms and expressions relating to swimming and water!

正如我們在節目中發現的，英文中有許多的單字與表現手法都與游泳和水有關！

And check us out on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

記得在 Facebook、Twitter 和 Instagram 上關注我們。

Don't forget — we have an app too, which you can download for free from the app stores.

也不要忘記我們也有行動版應用程式，你可以直接從應用程式商店免費下載。

幫助你隨時隨地都能學習英文。

Grammar, vocabulary, and interesting topics — we have them all!

不論是文法、單字，還是有趣的話題，我們一應俱全！

快去拜訪我們的網站，還有下載應用程式吧！