here in the east end of London was an urban wasteland.

在倫敦東區，這裡是一片城市荒地。

Then in 2005, a transformation began.

然後在2005年，一場轉變開始了。

The games of the thirtieth Olympiad in 2012 are awarded to the city of London.

2012年的第三十屆奧林匹克運動會被授予倫敦市。

The focus of London's successful bid for the 2012 Olympic games was legacy

倫敦成功申辦2012年奧運會的重點是遺產。

through the sustainability and adaptability of stadium and venue architecture.

通過體育場和場地建築的可持續性和適應性。

So, what lessons can be learnt  from this and past Olympics,  and what can we expect from Tokyo 2020?

那麼，我們可以從本屆和以往的奧運會中吸取哪些經驗教訓，以及我們可以從2020年東京奧運會中期待什麼？

Hi Peter, how are you?

嗨，彼得，你好嗎？

Good, thank you. Welcome to Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park.

很好，謝謝你。歡迎來到伊麗莎白女王奧林匹克公園。

Looks pretty impressive, doesn't it?

看起來相當令人印象深刻，不是嗎？

It does. Let me show you around.

它確實如此。讓我帶你參觀一下。

Cool.

酷。

In 2012, this 560-acre park hosted the Olympic and Paralympic games.

2012年，這個佔地560英畝的公園舉辦了奧運會和殘奧會。

They were deemed a great success, but many argue that their legacy has been even more impressive.

他們被認為是一個巨大的成功，但許多人認為，他們的遺產甚至更令人印象深刻。

So here we are in the heart of the park.

所以我們在這裡，在公園的中心。

Over there is the London Aquatics Centre, our amazing pool,

那邊是倫敦水上運動中心，我們驚人的游泳池。

the ArcelorMittal Orbit and the London Stadium just behind us.

安賽樂米塔爾的軌道和倫敦體育場就在我們身後。

But from here, we also get to see the Copper Box Arena up in the north,

但從這裡，我們也能看到北部的銅箱體育館。

and we've got the VeloPark, and right in the north of the park,

我們已經有了VeloPark，而且就在公園的北部。

the Lee Valley Hockey and Tennis Centre.

李谷曲棍球和網球中心。

All of these legacy venues, well used for both playing sport

所有這些遺留的場地，都被很好地用於體育活動。

but also big international sporting competitions after the games.

但也有大型的國際體育比賽，在運動會之後。

Before this area of east London, known as Stratford, became home to the games,

在倫敦東部這個被稱為斯特拉特福德的地區成為奧運會的舉辦地之前。

it was London's industrial heartland for more than a century.

一個多世紀以來，這裡是倫敦的工業中心區。

However, as the London docks and factories shuttered in the 1960s, it left the neighbourhood at a loss.

然而，隨著倫敦碼頭和工廠在20世紀60年代的關閉，它使該地區陷入了困境。

So, if we went back to 2005, when we won the bid the area was completely different.

是以，如果我們回到2005年，當我們贏得競標時，該地區完全不同。

There was some factories, there was some homes,

有一些工廠，有一些住宅。

but there was also a lot of areas that you just didn't want to go to.

但也有很多地方是你不想去的。

There were rail heads, there were huge pylons, electricity pylons that straddled the site.

有鐵路頭，有巨大的鐵塔，有橫跨場地的電力塔。

Famously tons and tons of earth had to be cleaned here on site because of the diesel and the acid

著名的是，由於機油和酸性物質的存在，必須在現場清理成噸的土。

that had been processed in the various factories. So all of that was cleansed and then reset.

在各個工廠中被處理過的數據。是以，所有這些都被清洗了，然後被重置。

While the ground was being prepared for the development of the Olympic site,

在為開發奧運場館準備土地時。

discussions about its legacy and what would happen to the park after the games were happening in tandem.

關於其遺產的討論，以及運動會後公園會發生什麼的討論也在同時進行。

How important was legacy as part of the successful London 2012 Olympic bid?

作為2012年倫敦奧運會成功申辦的一部分，遺產的重要性如何？

Well, I think there was an overarching focus on legacy

好吧，我認為有一個關於遺產的總體性重點

to ensure that apart from a glorious week or two in 2012

以確保除了2012年的一兩個光榮的星期之外

these venues would deliver for local communities,

這些場所將為當地社區提供服務。

for the region, for the nation for twenty to thirty years.

對該地區來說，對國家來說，20至30年都是如此。

Shaun Dawson is the chief executive of Lee Valley Regional Park Authority,

肖恩-道森是李谷地區公園管理局的首席執行官。

a government appointed body set up to regenerate 10,000 acres of regional park

一個由政府任命的機構，成立了10,000英畝的區域公園的再生。

while also providing sport venues and open spaces, 

同時還提供體育場館和開放空間。

some of which traverses  Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park.

其中一些穿越了伊麗莎白女王奧林匹克公園。

Before the bid, we had planned for a velo park, 

在投標之前，我們曾計劃建立一個伶俐的公園。

for a white-water centre, so we had those plans already.

為一個白水中心，所以我們已經有了這些計劃。

And of course, what the games did was deliver bigger and better venues

當然，遊戲所做的是提供更大和更好的場地

than we could have delivered without the games and what the games benefitted from that

比我們在沒有遊戲的情況下所能提供的更多，而遊戲又能從中受益。

was having a readymade legacy client in place, to shape the legacy for those venues.

是有一個現成的遺產客戶，為這些場所塑造遺產。

Today, Lee Valley operates three venues that were used at the Olympics,

今天，利谷經營著三個在奧運會上使用過的場館。

two of which are found in Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park,

其中兩個是在伊麗莎白女王奧林匹克公園發現的。

the Hockey and Tennis Centre and the Velodrome.

曲棍球和網球中心以及自行車館。

The rest of the sporting complex, including the Aquatics Centre,

體育場館的其他部分，包括水上運動中心。

the Copper Box Arena and the London Stadium are all run

銅盒競技場和倫敦體育場都是經營性的。

by an organization whose purpose really began on the day that the games finished.

這個組織的目的真正開始於運動會結束的那一天。

What is the London Legacy Development Corporation?

什麼是倫敦遺產發展公司？

It's quite a mouthful, isn't it?

這是一個相當大的口號，不是嗎？

You should have come up with a shorter name.

你應該想出一個更短的名字。

Yeah.

是的。

We were formed in 2012, and the idea is that the legacy corporation really takes the spirit

我們成立於2012年，我們的想法是，遺留的公司真正採取的精神

of the Paralympic and Olympic games in 2012 and uses the opportunity of those games

2012年的殘奧會和奧運會，並利用這些運動會的機會

to benefit local people. That means bringing the venues back

以造福當地人民。這意味著將場地帶回

into use for local people and bringing new inward investment

為當地居民帶來新的外來投資

into the area including jobs and opportunities generally.

包括一般的工作和機會，進入該地區。

The motivation to ensure that the legacy of the London Olympics will be sustained

確保倫敦奧運會的遺產得以持續的動力

for future generations was derived from the mistakes of past Olympics.

後代人的利益來自於過去奧運會的錯誤。

Issues such as the ecological impact and displacement of locals plagued previous editions,

諸如生態影響和當地人的流離失所等問題困擾著前幾屆會議。

while abandoned venues reclaimed by nature were common sights.

而被自然界回收的廢棄場地則是常見的景象。

I think it was desperately sad to look at venues in other Olympic cities that aren't delivering a legacy.

我認為，看看其他奧運城市的場館，並沒有帶來遺產，這是令人絕望的悲哀。

They had their week of glory during the games but haven't delivered in the long-term

他們在比賽期間有一週的榮耀，但在長期內沒有兌現。

and that public investment hasn't delivered for those communities,

而公共投資並沒有為這些社區帶來好處。

and it is an important lesson to learn that you can get it wrong.

這是很重要的一課，要知道你可能會弄錯。

If you don't design these venues correctly, with the number of audiences that we're here

如果你不正確地設計這些場地，以我們這裡的觀眾數量來說

to reach out to in mind, well then this would have been a white elephant as well.

以此來聯繫，那麼這也將是一頭白象。

To ensure that the London Olympics would not make the same mistake,

為了確保倫敦奧運會不會犯同樣的錯誤。

plans were in place from the start so that the Olympic Park could adapt from a space

從一開始就制定了計劃，以便奧林匹克公園能夠從空間上適應。

designed to host thousands of spectators a day to a park for the local community,

旨在每天接待成千上萬的觀眾，為當地社區提供一個公園。

and venues that could fulfil a variety of needs.

和場地，可以滿足各種需求。

So the depths can be changed, the booms can come in and out

是以，深度可以改變，吊杆可以進入和退出

so we get shorter lengths and all of that is there right from the start,

所以我們得到更短的長度，所有這些從一開始就在那裡。

it just wasn't needed for  the games.

它只是在遊戲中不需要。

During the London Olympics, the Aquatic Centre was fitted

在倫敦奧運會期間，水上運動中心安裝了

with spectator wings on the side of the building,

建築物的一側有觀眾席。

increasing its capacity from nearly 3,000 to more than 17,000.

將其容量從近3,000人增加到17,000多人。

Once the games were over, the wings were removed

遊戲結束後，機翼被移走。

so the venue could become a more intimate space for general public use,

是以，該場地可以成為一個更親密的空間，供一般公眾使用。

though it can still scale up by another 1,000 seats to host elite competitions.

儘管它仍然可以再增加1000個座位以舉辦精英比賽。

So this is one of those areas of the park that if you were here ten years ago,

是以，這是公園中的一個區域，如果你十年前在這裡。

it would have looked completely different. Behind you would have been a bridge,

它看起來會完全不同。你身後會有一座橋。

taking you over the stadium. But don't step back now.

把你帶到體育場那邊去。但現在不要後退。

There's a climbing wall, which everyone enjoys coming up.

有一個攀巖牆，每個人都喜歡上來。

Over here, there's the children's playground, a brand new children's playground

在這裡，有兒童遊樂場，一個全新的兒童遊樂場。

but at games time this was tarmacked. This was MacDonald's, toilets, souvenir shops.

但在比賽時，這裡被鋪上了柏油。這裡有麥當勞、廁所和紀念品商店。

So, all you can see, this greenery you can see wasn't here?

那麼，你所看到的，你所看到的這些綠色植物並不在這裡？

None of the greenery here. All of this was planted,

這裡的綠色植物都沒有。所有這些都是種植的。

and when we reopened the park, or opened the park, in 2014,

以及當我們在2014年重新開放公園，或開放公園的時候。

it was a new garden for people to come and enjoy.

這是一個供人們來享受的新花園。

So, where we're standing now, this was a huge bridge at the games,

是以，我們現在所站的地方，這是運動會上的一座巨大的橋樑。

so you probably didn't even know there was a canal underneath it,

所以你可能根本不知道它下面有一條運河。

but we peeled back some of  the layers of the bridge, 

但我們剝開了橋樑的一些層面。

and created this rather spectacular reflective effect.

並創造了這種相當壯觀的反射效果。

The lock behind you has just been restored in the last few years

你身後的鎖在過去幾年中剛剛被修復。

so that is now a functioning lock for the canal.

是以，現在是運河的一個有效的水閘。

Sorry, there was a bridge over the top of this?

對不起，這上面有一座橋？

Yes, yeah.

是的，是的。

The focus on the future meant that for every £1 spent building the Olympic Park,

對未來的關注意味著，每花1英鎊建設奧林匹克公園。

a quarter was invested solely for the Games, while the remaining 75p

四分之一的投資完全用於奧運會，而其餘75便士的投資則是為奧運會服務。

was earmarked for the legacy of the games. In the years since,

被指定為運動會的遺產。在此後的幾年裡。

a total of 30 million people have visited Queen Elizabeth Park.

共有3000萬人參觀過伊麗莎白女王公園。

While many of the venues here are used regularly, recent reports suggest

雖然這裡的許多場所經常被使用，但最近的報告表明

a successful Olympic legacy in London is threatened by a serious shortfall in revenue.

在倫敦成功的奧運遺產受到了收入嚴重不足的威脅。

A report published in 2021 suggested that the general financial outlook of the park

2021年發表的一份報告表明，公園的總體財務前景

is a 'ticking timebomb.'  In 2020, trading revenue across the park fell by 30%

是一個'滴答的定時炸彈'。 2020年，整個園區的交易收入下降了30%。

due to the restrictions caused by the pandemic. However, the cancellation of showpiece events

由於大流行病造成的限制。然而，取消表演性活動

because of the lockdown also helped save the city's taxpayers £7.4 million

因為封鎖也幫助該市的納稅人節省了740萬英鎊。

largely due to the high costs of running events at the London Stadium.

主要是由於在倫敦體育場舉辦活動的成本很高。

I came here to the London Stadium, as it's now known, back in 2012

早在2012年，我就來到了現在的倫敦體育場。

and watched some incredible sporting moments that I'll never forget.

並觀看了一些令人難以置信的運動時刻，我永遠不會忘記。

But that venue is almost unrecognizable to the one you see today,

但那個場地與你今天看到的場地幾乎不可同日而語。

and the transformation into somewhere which hosts football matches has not been an easy one.

而轉變為舉辦足球比賽的地方並不容易。

There was a determination to get the stadium into use,

有一種讓體育場投入使用的決心。

but some disagreement in the run up to the Games actually about what that end use should be.

但在奧運會之前，關於最終用途的問題，實際上存在著一些分歧。

We all knew that to make the stadium sustainable and have longevity,

我們都知道，要使體育場可持續發展並有長久的生命力。

it needed a real anchor tenant to make that work

它需要一個真正的主租戶來使其發揮作用。

and the most obvious anchor tenant was always going to be a football club.

而最明顯的主要租戶總是會是一個足球俱樂部。

But that meant serious investment in transforming 

但這意味著要認真投資於改造

the venue into something  that could work for football,

場地變成可以用於足球的東西。

as well as other facilities and other events and so on.

以及其他設施和其他活動等等。

Now when you look around the world, there are very, very few Olympic stadiums

現在，當你環顧世界時，只有非常非常少的奧林匹克體育場館

that have survived as well as we hope this one will.

我們希望這一個也能倖存下來。

There's a recent report that highlighted some financial pressures

最近有一份報告強調了一些財政壓力

that the London Legacy Development Corporation have had.

倫敦遺產發展公司已經有了。

How difficult is it to ensure these places are open to the community but also make money?

確保這些地方既向社會開放，又能賺錢，這有多難？

I think the stadium is an example of a venue that delivers so much more than the venue itself,

我認為體育場是一個場所的例子，它所提供的服務遠遠超過了場所本身。

in terms of local economy, in terms of what it delivers for sport,

就當地經濟而言，就其為體育提供的內容而言。

for London in its wider sense and if it does have financial challenges

在更廣泛的意義上，如果倫敦確實有財政方面的挑戰

and all venues do, it's just different types of challenges really.

所有場地都是如此，只是挑戰的類型不同而已。

At the end of the day, well, I think it's how that Olympic stadium is the centerpiece

在一天結束的時候，嗯，我想這就是那個奧林匹克體育場是如何成為中心的。

of the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park and I think we all benefit from that.

的伊麗莎白女王奧林匹克公園，我認為我們都從中受益。

People tend to, for various reasons, whether political or otherwise, focus on the negative news, 

人們往往出於各種原因，無論是政治原因還是其他原因，都會關注負面新聞。

but actually when you look  at this place in the round

但實際上，當你看到這個地方的圓形

and see the positivity that's here, the extra jobs that have been created,

並看到這裡的積極性，已經創造的額外工作。

the new buildings that are coming online just behind us here,

在我們身後的新建築即將上線。

you can see the benefits more clearly.

你可以更清楚地看到這些好處。

I don't know whether you've been asked by the Tokyo delegates about what you've been doing here

我不知道東京的代表們是否問過你，你在這裡做了什麼？

and how you've grown the legacy and ensure that it lasts.

以及你是如何增長遺產並確保它持續下去的。

Are there any lessons that you've learnt that you would pass on?

你有什麼經驗可以傳授給大家嗎？

If you're thinking of putting a bid together, you must be thinking about the legacy right then

如果你想把標書放在一起，你一定是在考慮當時的遺產問題

and the impression you're going to make for local people, that's really important.

以及你要給當地人留下的印象，這真的很重要。

There's not much point actually, if the Games are about to be held

實際上沒有什麼意義，如果即將舉行運動會的話

and you're turning up and asking for advice then because you're then starting from scratch

而你卻轉身來徵求意見，因為你要從頭開始。

and you're running to catch up, so very important to think about it early.

而你要跑著去追趕，所以及早考慮非常重要。

The basic ingredients, I think, are there for them.

我認為，對他們來說，基本成分是存在的。

I think it comes down to who's going to own and manage these venues.

我認為這歸結於誰將擁有和管理這些場地。

If some venues do carry a subsidy, how's it going to be funded?

如果有些場館確實帶有補貼，那麼資金怎麼來？

Is it the Tokyo taxpayer? Is it the national taxpayer?

是東京的納稅人嗎？是國家的納稅人嗎？

It is those levels of detail, with the right skills to ensure,

正是這些層面的細節，用正確的技能來確保。

almost a day after the games or whenever you can, those venues open and they're public venues.

幾乎在比賽結束後的一天或任何時候，這些場館都會開放，它們是公共場館。

They've spent a lot of time upgrading existing venues like we did here,

他們花了很多時間來升級現有的場地，就像我們在這裡做的那樣。

some new venues of course as well. There's been a lot of exchange

當然也有一些新的場所。已經有很多的交流

and two-way traffic to try and make sure they get it right,

和雙向交通，以嘗試並確保他們得到正確的結果。

and in the case of Tokyo, I think they will.

而在東京的情況下，我認為他們會。

To host an Olympics is a once in a lifetime opportunity but ensuring that the legacy of a games

舉辦奧運會是一生中僅有的一次機會，但要確保奧運會的遺產能夠得到保護。

is a strong and lasting one is difficult. While lessons have clearly been learnt,

是一個強大和持久的是困難的。雖然顯然已經吸取了教訓。

it's still a challenge that host cities wrestle with and will continue to do so.

這仍然是主辦城市所面臨的挑戰，並將繼續這樣做。

Hi guys, thanks for watching our video. Please subscribe to the channel

嗨，夥計們，感謝你們觀看我們的視頻。請訂閱我們的頻道

but before you do that we'd love to know your thoughts on any other

但在你這樣做之前，我們很想知道你對任何其他的想法

sporting venues that have hosted big events that you think have done it really well

你認為舉辦過大型活動的體育場所做得非常好的地方

or conversely have done it really badly. Comment below the video to let us know

或者反過來說，做得非常糟糕。請在視頻下方評論，讓我們知道

and we'll see you next time.

我們將在下一次見到你。