President Trump goes back in time

川普總統穿越時空回到

to the 1970s

1970 年代

to stop a master criminal

阻止犯罪高手

from stealing top secret technology.

竊取最高機密科技

Welcome back to China Uncensored.

歡迎收看《中國解密》

I'm Chris Chappell.

我是主持人 Chris Chappell

On Monday August 14,

8月14日星期一

President Donald Trump announced an investigation

川普宣布將調查

into China's unfair trade practices.

中國的不公平貿易行為

“The theft of intellectual property by foreign countries

「外國竊取智慧財產的行徑

costs our nation millions of jobs

每年都使我國

and billions and billions of dollars

損失數百萬個工作機會

each and every year.

並耗費數百億美元

For too long,

長久以來

this wealth has been drained from our country

我們國家的財富流失殆盡

while Washington has done nothing.”

而華盛頓什麼也沒做」

Yeah, Washington.

是的，華盛頓

All you do is hang around

你只會掛在那裡鬼混

with that smug look on your face.

露出一副自鳴得意的表情

Anyway, Trump authorized

總之，川普授權給

US Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer

美國貿易代表勞勃·萊特海澤

to use the Trade Act of 1974

行使 1974 年的《貿易法》

to investigate China's unfair policies and practices—

來調查中國的不公平政策與行為

especially with regard to

特別是針對

the theft of American intellectual property.

竊取美國智慧財產方面

What's that, Shelley?Trump actually ordered Lighthizer

Shelly，怎麼了？ 川普其實只是命令萊特海澤

to look into whether to investigate China

調查是否該調查中國的

for unfair trade practices?

不公平貿易行為？

So it's like a pre-investigation investigation.

因此這像是 正式調查前的事前調查

But wait!

不過等等！

My favorite Chinese state-run media

我最愛的中國國營媒體

was quick to inform us that Trump's trade war,

已迅速告知我們 川普的貿易戰

sorry, investigation,

抱歉，是調查

sorry, pre-investigation,

抱歉，是事前調查

could backfire.

可能會適得其反

It says “China is expected to retaliate.”

該媒體表示「中國將會報復」

And then it suggests that

接著並表示

“China should make use

「中國該利用

of the World Trade Organization mechanism

世界貿易組織機制

to sue the US for trade protectionism.”

來起訴美國的貿易保護主義」

The angry reaction from Chinese state-run media

中國國營媒體的憤怒反應

tells us one thing:

告訴我們一件事：

Trump's pre-investigation is a great idea.

川普的事前調查是個好主意

Even Democrats are supporting

就連民主黨都支持 [民主黨罕見地支持川普調查中國貿易]

Trump's tougher stance on China trade.

川普對中國貿易的強硬立場

Here's what's behind it.

背後因素如下

For decades, the Chinese Communist Party

中共在幾十年來

has been using a variety of unfair

不斷採取各種不正當

and even downright illegal methods

甚至是非法的手段

to steal foreign technology

來竊取外國技術

and then use it to outcompete the companies

並藉此打敗那些

that invented that technology.

原創技術的公司

Remember how I talked about WeChat?

還記得我提過的微信嗎？

Yeah, they borrowed a lot of their ideas

是的，他們借用了外國公司的

from foreign companies.

許多點子

But what President Trump is referring to is more specific.

但川普總統所指的是 更特定的事物

It's about investigating whether the CCP

也就是關於調查中共是否

is forcing or pressuring American companies

強迫或施壓美國公司

to share their intellectual property

向中國公司分享

with Chinese companies.

其智慧財產

The CCP has the long-term goal

中共的長期目標

of having Chinese companies learn from Western companies

是讓中國公司學習西方公司

and eventually replace them.

最終再取代他們

For example,

舉例來說

Ford Motor Company wanted to open

福特汽車公司希望在中國

a bunch of car manufacturing plants in China.

開設數間汽車製造工廠

But the Chinese government had a requirement:

但中國政府有個要求：

Ford had to do it as a joint venture

福特必須與

with a local Chinese company,

中國本土的長安汽車公司

Chang'an Motors.

合資

And as another condition of access

中國政府還提出

to the Chinese market,

另一項進入中國市場的條件：

the Chinese government forced Ford to open

強迫福特

a research and development laboratory in China,

在中國設立研發實驗室

that they also had to share with Chang'an Motors.

並且必須與長安汽車公司 共同使用此實驗室

There was a similar case with General Motors.

通用汽車也面臨類似的情況

GM wanted to sell its electric hybrid Volt car in China.

通用汽車希望能在 中國販售混合動雪佛蘭 VOLT 車款

The Chinese government provides huge subsidies

中國政府針對合格的電動汽車

on qualifying electric vehicles,

提供巨額補助

as much as $19,000 off the retail price

每輛汽車的零售價最多可減少

of each car.

19,000 美元

It's to encourage Chinese consumers to buy them.

這是為了鼓勵中國消費者 購買電動汽車

But they refused to give the subsidy for GM's Volt.

但中國政府拒絕補助 通用汽車雪佛蘭 VOLT 車款

That is, until GM agreed to transfer

直到通用汽車同意將

some of their highly sensitive engineering technology

高度機密的部分工程技術

to a local Chinese competitor.

轉讓給當地的中國競爭對手

Here's another example:

還有另一個例子：

Under a recent Chinese cybersecurity law,

根據近期的中國網路安全法

US technology companies are required

美國科技公司必須

to store user data from Chinese customers

將其中國客戶的用戶資料

on servers inside China.

儲存於中國的伺服器中

And according to this article,

根據這篇報導所述

technology firms are forced

科技公司被迫

to “turn over source code and encryption software

「將原始程式碼及加密軟體

to the government,

交給政府

potentially giving the Chinese government

這可能會讓中國政府

a back door into private data

以走後門的方式獲得私人資料

and proprietary technologies.”

與專門技術」

Plus, this article about Apple says that

此外，這篇關於 蘋果公司的報導表示

provincial authorities plan to

有省政府計劃於中國

“create a working committee

「設立一個由中共黨員

chaired by communist party members

擔任主席的工作委員會

to oversee the US company's iCloud facility”

來監管美國公司在中國的

that they're building in China.

iCloud 設備廠區」

And I could go on and on with examples,

我可以源源不絕地舉例

but you get the idea.

但你明白我的意思

The CCP is forcing US companies

中共迫使美國公司

to turn over intellectual property

轉讓智慧財產

in exchange for being allowed

以換取在中國

to do business in China.

做生意的權利

So what President Trump did on Monday

因此川普總統於星期一所做的

was authorize US Trade Representative Lighthizer

是授權美國貿易代表萊特海澤

to determine whether China should be investigated

確定是否該根據 1974 年的《貿易法》

for this under the Trade Act of 1974.

對中國進行調查

If Lighthizer decides to investigate,

若萊特海澤決定調查

and then if unfair trade practices are found,

並且假若確實存在 不公平貿易行為

the president can punish China

總統便能透過徵收關稅

by imposing tariffs or other restrictions.

或其他限制來懲罰中國

“And this is just the beginning.

「而這只是個開端

I want to tell you that.

我想告訴你

This is just the beginning.”

這只是個開端」

The Trade Act of 1974 was used widely

1974 年的《貿易法》 於雷根總統時期

during the Reagan era,

被廣泛使用

but hasn't been used as much in recent years,

但由於必須和世界貿易組織

because of a requirement to work with

合作才能使用此法

the World Trade Organization before using it,

因此近年來使用的 情形不如以往頻繁

which Trump has implied he might not do.

而川普則暗示他 不會遵守此項規定

But it's not like previous administrations

然而，美國政府過去

did nothing about the Chinese Communist Party's

對於中共竊取智慧財產一事

intellectual property theft.

也並非無所作為

For example, under President Obama,

例如在歐巴馬總統執政下 [歐巴馬威脅將制裁中國的網路駭客行為]

the White House focused on cracking down

白宮著重在

on the CCP stealing intellectual property

取締中共利用駭客及

by using hacking and cyber spying.

網路間諜來竊取 智慧財產的行為

The Justice Department even brought criminal charges

司法部甚至針對解放軍士兵 [美國指控中國網路間諜侵入美國公司]

against PLA soldiers for hacking into US companies,

提起刑事指控 控訴其駭入美國公司

including Westinghouse and US Steel.

包含西屋公司及美國鋼鐵公司

But it's not an easy issue to deal with,

但中共竊取智慧財產

since the Communist Party's intellectual property theft

的行為已持續好幾十年 因此這不是個

stretches back for decades.

容易解決的問題

According to this article,

根據此篇報導指出

“China's relentless quest to be a technology leader

「中國努力不懈地 試圖要成為科技龍頭

has deep roots,

這種渴望

stretching as far back as the 1950s.”

最早可追朔至 1950 年代」

And in March of 1986,

1986 年 3 月

the CCP began the “863 Program.”

中共開始執行「863 計劃」

A

根據國家反間諜執法辦公室表示

ccording to the Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive,

863 計劃「提供資金及指導

Project 863 “provides funding and guidance

以暗中獲取美國技術

for efforts to clandestinely acquire US technology

以及經濟機密資訊」

and sensitive economic information.”

這是 1986 年的事情

That was 1986.

但中國竊取智慧財產的行為

But China's intellectual property theft

在 2001 年中國加入

really kicked off in 2001,

世界貿易組織後才真正起飛

when China got access to the World Trade organization.

柯林頓總統付出很大的努力

President Clinton did the leg work

讓中國加入 WTO

to get China into the WTO,

而小布希總統則 實際完成這項工作

and President Bush finished the job.

他們的想法是讓美國公司

Their idea was to give US companies

能更容易進入中國市場

better access to the Chinese market.

但美國公司事實上得到的是：

But what US companies got was this:

「國會領導人表示

“Congressional leaders say China is engaged

中國以前所未見的規模從事

in economic espionage on a scale

大量經濟間諜活動」

never seen before.”

因此或許，我只是說或許

So maybe, just maybe,

WTO 貿易機制並沒有

the WTO mechanisms aren't doing

達到其應該

what they're supposed to

保護美國公司的目標

to protect American companies.

這便是為何川普 要從塵封已久的

That's why President Trump is pulling

深綠色檔案櫃中挖出

an obscure 1974 law out of the dusty,

一部鮮為人知的 1974 年法規

avocado-green filing cabinet—

並貫徹其最初存在的目的：

and putting it to its original purpose:

賦予美國政府

Giving the US government the power

懲罰外國

to punish foreign countries

不公平貿易行為的能力

for unfair trade practices.

這會奏效嗎？

So will work?

這個嘛，過程將會很漫長

Well, it's going to be a long process.

舉例來說

For example,

若是美國貿易代表

if the US trade representative

決定調查中國

decides to investigate China,

過程可能需要花費 一年的時間才能完成

it may take up to a year for that to finish.

但有件事情是肯定的

But one thing's for sure.

中共並不樂見此事

The CCP doesn't like it.

而且假如事實上沒什麼的話

And they wouldn't express “grave concern”

他們也不會為此 表示「強烈關切」了

if it were nothing.

謝謝收看本集《中國解密》

Thanks for watching China Uncensored.

我是主持人 Chris Chappell

Once again, I'm Chris Chappell.

下次再會

See you next time.

你知道還有什麼事 可稱為壯舉嗎？

You know what else would be a very big move?

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這就是為什麼像 你們這樣的觀眾會加入

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