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  • On this episode of China Uncensored,

    本集《中國解密》:

  • Chinese propaganda

    中國政治宣傳:

  • now as American as apple pie!

    如蘋果派一般深具美國風味!

  • Hi, welcome to China Uncensored,

    歡迎收看《中國解密》

  • I'm your host Chris Chappell.

    我是主持人 Chris Chappell

  • Chinese propaganda.

    中國政治宣傳的對象

  • It's not just for Chinese people anymore.

    不再僅限於中國人民

  • The Chinese Communist Party's “officialperspective on China

    中共對於中國的「官方」看法

  • has infiltrated nearly every American home,

    已幾乎滲透至每個美國家庭

  • almost every major English language newspaper,

    接近所有主要的英語報紙

  • TV network, and radio station.

    電視網路及廣播電台

  • And it happened so quietly,

    而且一切發生得如此悄然

  • so gradually,

    而漸進

  • that almost no one saw it coming.

    幾乎無人意識到它的存在

  • Like the aliens.

    就像是外星人

  • They've been here all along.

    他們一直都在這裡

  • Ahem.

    呃哼

  • In 2013, Chinese leader Xi Jinping

    2013 年,中國領導人習近平

  • gave a speech at

    在某會議上致詞

  • and this is what it was really called

    該會議的名稱真的就叫做

  • China's National Meeting on Propaganda

    中國全國宣傳

  • and Thought Work.

    思想工作會議

  • Thought work?

    思想工作?

  • Okay, come on,

    真的嗎?拜託

  • now it's like you're not even

    感覺中國現在根本也沒打算要試著

  • trying to hide it.

    隱瞞此事了

  • What did Xi go to next?

    我想習近平下次 參加的會議名稱會是

  • The National Meeting on the Same Thing

    全國會議之我們在每場會議

  • We Do Every Meeting, Pinky-

    都會做的同一件事,Pinky

  • Try to Take Over the World?

    那就是試著佔領全世界

  • Anyway, at theThought Workmeeting,

    總之,在「思想工作」會議上

  • Xi said China needs

    習近平表示中國需要

  • to strengthen media coverage

    「加強媒體報導…

  • and promote China's views internationally.”

    以及於國際宣傳中國觀點」

  • The Chinese Communist Party

    中共

  • now spends $10 billion dollars a year

    目前一年花費 100 億美元

  • to spread its propaganda overseas.

    於海外散播政治宣傳

  • And it has three goals,

    這麼做有三個目的

  • according to independent watchdog,

    根據獨立觀察組織

  • Freedom House:

    自由之家表示:

  • One: To promote a positive view of China

    第一:宣傳對於中國的正向觀點

  • and benign perspective of the CCP's

    及對於中共獨裁政權的

  • authoritarian regime.

    良性看法

  • Two: To encourage foreign investment in China

    第二:鼓勵外商於中國投資

  • and openness to Chinese investment abroad;

    並於海外開放中國投資

  • and Three: To marginalize, demonize,

    第三:邊緣化、妖魔化

  • or entirely suppress anti-CCP voices.

    或徹底抵制反中共的意見

  • In other words,

    換句話說

  • the CCP's goals are to

    中共的目標在於

  • One: Paint a giant rainbow.

    第一:畫個巨大的彩虹

  • Two: Get foreigners to seek the pot of gold;

    第二:讓外國人在彩虹盡頭 尋找傳說中的那桶金子

  • and Three: Suppress any rainbow experts

    第三:禁止任何彩虹專家

  • who point out the rainbow is fake.

    指出這彩虹是假的

  • So there are some obvious

    因此中國宣傳手法

  • Chinese propaganda methods

    有些十分明顯

  • and some very sneaky,

    有些則非常偷偷摸摸

  • subtle ones.

    且隱晦

  • The obvious:

    明顯的部分為:

  • An ad for state-run Xinhua News

    於時代廣場正中央的

  • in the middle of Times Square.

    官媒新華社廣告

  • A waste of money, for sure.

    這根本是在浪費錢

  • Who cares about Xinhua?

    誰管新華社?

  • I was looking at the ad for...

    我在看的廣告是…

  • whatever she's doing.

    這個女孩在做的事

  • Then there's the English China Daily

    接著還有美國各大城市

  • in newspaper boxes

    報紙箱裡的英語版

  • all over major US cities.

    《中國日報》

  • But would you pay 25 cents to read about

    但是你會想付 7.5 元台幣閱讀

  • how every country loves China?

    各國有多愛中國的報導嗎?

  • And of course,

    當然還有

  • English state-run television.

    中國國營的英語電視台

  • It used to be called CCTV America.

    此頻道過去名為央視北美分台

  • But in 2016 they rebranded it as

    但於 2016 年重新命名為

  • China Global Television Network”,

    「中國環球電視網」

  • or CGTN.

    簡稱 CGTN

  • But you can still tell what it is

    但你仍舊能從這些愚蠢的

  • by all their stupid panda coverage.

    熊貓報導來判斷是同一家媒體

  • I think it's pretty clear now

    我想貓熊瀕臨絕種的原因

  • why pandas are endangered.

    已經十分地明顯

  • But it's not just pandas.

    但不只是貓熊

  • Let's take a look at how CGTN covers

    讓我們來看 CGTN 如何報導

  • Tibetan buddhism.

    藏傳佛教

  • The 11th Panchen Lama

    第 11 代班禪喇嘛

  • is the spiritual leader of Buddhism

    為中國西藏地區的

  • in China's Tibet region.

    佛教精神領袖

  • As China is celebrating the 20th anniversary

    在中國慶祝班禪喇嘛繼位

  • of his enthronement,

    二十週年時

  • he's talked about some of the changes

    他談及自己想做的

  • he wants to make.

    一些改變

  • Hmmm,

    嗯…

  • I wonder what those changes could be.

    不知道會是什麼樣的改變

  • The core values of socialism,

    社會主義的核心價值

  • such as harmony, honesty, and equality,

    例如和諧、誠實及平等

  • have their corresponding concepts in Sutra.

    於佛學經典中都有相對應的概念

  • Panchen of past generations

    過去幾代的班禪

  • have been known for patriotism.

    皆以愛國主義而聞名

  • Wow!

    哇噢!

  • Communism is just like Buddhism.

    共產主義與佛教真的是一體同心

  • And to be a good religious leader,

    要成為一位優秀的宗教領袖

  • you have to be loyal to the Communist Party.

    你得先效忠於中國共產黨

  • Thanks, Panchen Lama.

    謝啦,班禪喇嘛

  • And thanks, CGTN America,

    還有謝啦,CGTN

  • for not mentioning how this Panchen Lama's “enthronement

    你們完全沒提到這位 班禪喇嘛「繼位」前

  • came after the Communist Party

    中共是如何

  • kidnapped the actual Panchen Lama

    綁架真正的班禪喇嘛

  • and then replaced him with this kid,

    接著用這孩子取代了他

  • who they then spent 20 years brainwashing.

    並且在過去 20 年間對他進行洗腦

  • Did you know CGTN is available

    你知道有四分之一的美國家庭

  • in a quarter of American households?

    都能觀賞 CGTN 嗎?

  • Now, there's also that sneaky,

    此外,也有我剛才提到

  • subtle kind of propaganda I mentioned.

    偷偷摸摸的隱晦宣傳

  • It's a strategy the CCP calls

    中共將此策略稱為

  • borrowing the boat to reach the sea.”

    「借船出海」

  • In other words,

    換句話說

  • putting state-sponsored propaganda

    將國家資助的宣傳推向

  • into Western media outlets

    西方媒體

  • in a way that makes it feel like it's

    並且讓這些宣傳看似

  • part of those outlets' normal content.

    是該媒體平常的報導內容

  • For example, these paid advertising supplements

    例如,這些付費的副刊廣告

  • are designed to look and feel just like articles

    設計得讓人看起來像是報導

  • and then slipped into major US papers

    接著便混入美國各大報紙

  • like the New York Times and the Wall Street Journal.

    像是紐約時報及華爾街日報

  • Not subtle enough?

    還不夠隱晦嗎?

  • How about how every day,

    這樣如何,中國官媒

  • state-run media provides TV footage from China

    每天都透過類似這個新聞的管道和

  • for free through its news feed,

    路透社此類的服務來免費提供

  • and through services like Reuters

    中國的電視新聞片段

  • so that American media outlets can pick it up.

    好讓美國媒體採用

  • For example, this NBC News video

    例如,美國國家廣播公司播出這支

  • shows footage of flooding in China...

    中國傳出洪水災情的新聞影像…

  • And what do you know,

    果不其然

  • part of it is identical

    部分影像和中國官媒的

  • to the state-run CCTV feed.

    央視新聞完全相同

  • You can usually tell because

    通常你能分辨得出來,因為

  • state-run media reports on China's natural disasters

    官媒報導中國天然災害時

  • focus heavily on how great the rescue efforts are.

    會強力聚焦在救援工作有多麼傑出

  • It sends the subtle message

    這傳達出的潛藏訊息為

  • that the CCP is here to help.

    中共是人民的好幫手

  • For a lot of China-related TV

    在美國許多關於中國的

  • news stories in the US,

    電視新聞報導中

  • most of the footage and information

    大部分的影像及資訊都是

  • comes from Chinese state-run media.

    來自於中國官媒

  • And there's radio, too.

    廣播電台也不例外

  • This Reuters investigation showed that

    路透社的調查顯示

  • programming from state-run China Radio International

    國營的中國國際廣播電台

  • was being broadcast on radio stations

    目前於美國 15 個城市中

  • in 15 American cities

    播放節目

  • because many stations were willing to allow

    這是由於有許多電台願意讓

  • part ownership by Chinese companies

    中國公司擁有部分股權

  • to make financial ends meet.

    以達到收支平衡

  • So the state-run propaganda

    因此,中國操作的政治宣傳

  • mostly covers the first and second goals

    差不多涵蓋了自由之家所列出的

  • listed by Freedom House.

    第一及第二項目標

  • But what about the third goal?

    那麼第三項目標呢?

  • You see, propaganda alone

    要知道,光靠宣傳

  • isn't enough to control the China narrative.

    還不足以掌控人們對中國的看法

  • Because what about all those

    這都是因為有種種

  • pesky foreign journalists!

    討人厭的外國記者!

  • That's where censorship comes in.

    審查制度便在這時派上用場

  • There's a lot of obvious stuff.

    有許多顯而易見的證據

  • Like when government thugs

    例如政府派人阻止

  • stop media from reporting on something specific.

    媒體報導某些具體的新聞內容 [BBC訪問中國獨立候選人遭拒]

  • But more damaging is the self-censorship.

    但自我審查造成的傷害更大

  • Like how journalists based in China

    例如外派到中國的記者

  • avoid reporting on certain sensitive topics,

    會因為擔心完全被趕出中國

  • for fear they could get kicked out of China altogether.

    而避免報導某些敏感議題

  • Especially after the CCP made

    尤其是在中共殺雞儆猴處罰了

  • an example out of Al-Jazeera's Melissa Chan.

    半島電視台記者陳嘉韻之後

  • And of course,

    當然

  • sometimes editors are told to kill a story

    編輯有時也會被告知要刪除某報導 [《彭博》遭指控為了留在中國而封殺報導]

  • to protect their company.

    以保護他們的公司

  • Yaar, dead articles tell no tales.

    呀啊,封殺報導死無對證

  • But they boost sales.

    但能提高銷售額

  • Which I believe is the sixth movie

    我想這是《神鬼奇航》系列

  • in the Pirates of the Caribbean franchise.

    的第六部電影片名

  • So the CCP is spending

    所以中共每年都

  • $10 billion dollars a year on propaganda,

    花費 100 億美元從事政治宣傳

  • as well as implementing

    同時也廣為

  • widespread censorship pressure.

    施加審查壓力

  • Why is this a big deal?

    為何這種宣傳工作茲事體大?

  • Because it's severely misleading US companies,

    因為當涉及對中國做出決策時

  • government officials,

    這些宣傳會嚴重誤導

  • and average Americans

    美國企業

  • when it comes to making decisions on China.

    政府官員及一般民眾

  • The CCP says its economy is strong,

    中共說國內經濟動能強勁

  • so US companies go there...

    因此美國公司便前往中國…

  • but often lose money.

    但結果常虧錢 [為何美國大企業於中國經營失敗?]

  • The CCP boasts about its high-speed rail,

    中共吹噓其高速鐵路 [Brown 希望中國加入加州的高鐵計劃]

  • so US government officials think,

    因此美國政府官員認為

  • hey, it would be a great idea

    嘿,讓中國政府在美國

  • to have the Chinese government invest in

    投資高速鐵路計畫

  • high-speed rail projects in America.

    是個好主意

  • Even though they sentenced their former railways minister

    儘管中國於高鐵災難事故 [中國前鐵路部長劉志軍因貪汙判處死刑]

  • to death...

    發生後

  • after a kind of catastrophic

    試圖掩蓋此事件

  • high speed rail crash

    並將前任鐵路部長

  • that they may have tried to cover up.

    判處死刑… [中國民眾對於政府涉嫌掩蓋高鐵事故感到憤怒]

  • But one thing the CCP for sure covered up

    不過中共確實有掩蓋的

  • was food safety hazards.

    是食品安全隱憂

  • Which then literally killed puppies.

    甚至真的殺害可愛的狗狗 [寵物主人表示中國的有毒食品殺害美國狗隻]

  • So yeah, not good.

    是的,食安確實不怎麼好

  • But is there anything the US government

    但美國政府能做些什麼

  • can do about the spread of Chinese

    來防止中國官媒政治宣傳

  • state-run propaganda in America?

    於美國擴散蔓延呢?

  • Well the first thing they can do

    首先他們能做的

  • is watch the situation closely.

    便是密切關注局勢

  • Last year, Congress passed a bipartisan law

    美國國會於去年通過了 一項兩黨共同推動的法案

  • that would help the State Department

    有助於國務院

  • to work with experts to closely monitor

    與專家合作來密切監督

  • propaganda and disinformation

    中共的

  • from the Chinese Communist Party.

    政治宣傳與假消息

  • They can also demand more transparency.

    他們也可要求提高透明度

  • The FCC could implement rules

    聯邦通信委員會可實施相關規定

  • that require clear labeling of foreign government ownership

    要求必須清楚標示外國政府

  • of media outlets or of paid content

    所持有的媒體

  • sponsored by foreign governments.

    或贊助的付費內容

  • And they should review potential acquisitions

    他們也必須審核中國國企

  • of US media companies by Chinese state-run

    或其子公司可能對

  • or affiliated companies.

    美國公司的收購案

  • The Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States

    而美國外資投資委員會

  • should have the power to stop these deals

    於必要時應有權力停止

  • if necessary.

    這些交易

  • So as we wait for the quick,

    因此當我們等待美國政府

  • decisive action of the US government,

    迅速果決的執行行動時

  • is there anything you can you do

    這段期間有什麼是你可以

  • in the meantime?

    做的呢?

  • Well, keep your eyes peeled

    首先擦亮眼睛檢視你所觀看

  • for whether what you're watching or reading

    或閱讀的新聞是否

  • is coming from Chinese state-run media.

    來自中國國營媒體

  • Brands like these.

    例如這些品牌

  • And maybe take those views

    對於他們的觀點

  • with a teeny, tiny grain of salt.

    可能要抱持保留的態度

  • And when you're reading or watching news

    而當你觀賞或閱讀的新聞是

  • in American mainstream media

    來自於在中國設有分公司的

  • that have bureaus in China,

    美國主流媒體時

  • keep in mind that even though their reports

    請記得,儘管他們的報導

  • might be factually correct,

    事實上可能是正確的

  • there's a lot of important stories

    但有許多其他的重要資訊

  • they're not covering.

    他們可能會選擇略過不報

  • And of course,

    當然

  • you should take a look at alternative

    你也應該觀看其他

  • sources of information as well.

    新聞資訊來源

  • Like maybe a subversive comedy news program

    像是,我想想喔 或許像是某個大逆不道的

  • that, I don't know,

    喜劇新聞節目

  • uncensors China-related news.

    負責解密中國相關新聞

  • So what do you think of

    你對於中國政治宣傳

  • Chinese propaganda infiltrating

    滲透美國人民的

  • American hearts and minds?

    心智思想有何看法?

  • Leave your comments below.

    請於下方留言

  • Thanks for watching this episode of China Uncensored,

    感謝收看本集 《中國解密》

  • once again I'm your host, Chris Chappell,

    我是主持人 Chris Chappell

  • see you next time.

    下次再會

On this episode of China Uncensored,

本集《中國解密》:

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