I am dr Seema Yasmin and today I am debunking some of the most common myths about the coronavirus pandemic.

我是Seema Yasmin博士，今天我將揭開一些關於冠狀病毒大流行的最常見的神話。

Perhaps unsurprisingly, the majority of rumors about Covid 19 circulating on the internet focused on preventing and treating the disease.

也許毫不奇怪，互聯網上流傳的關於Covid 19的大部分謠言都集中在預防和治療該疾病上。

A few of these focused on things to eat and drink one viral post recommend sipping water at least every 15 minutes to make sure that the mouth and throat never get dry.

其中有幾個側重於吃和喝的東西，一個病毒性的帖子建議至少每15分鐘喝一次水，以確保口腔和喉嚨永遠不會幹燥。

This post says, even if the virus gets into your mouth drinking water or other liquids will wash them down through your throat and into the stomach once they're, your stomach acid will kill all the virus.

這個帖子說，即使病毒進入你的嘴裡喝水或其他液體也會把它們衝下，通過你的喉嚨進入胃裡，一旦它們進入，你的胃酸會殺死所有病毒。

Now, obviously, hydration is important to health, but there is no evidence whatsoever that drinking water will protect you from the coronavirus or flush the infection out of your body.

現在，很明顯，水合對健康很重要，但沒有任何證據表明喝水會保護你免受冠狀病毒的影響或將感染從你的身體中沖走。

I've also seen this myth that if you eat enough garlic, you can stave away Covid 19.

我還看到這樣一個神話，即如果你吃足夠的大蒜，你就可以避開Covid 19。

Some posts suggest brewing the tea out of garlic and drinking that to prevent covid 19 and that sounds disgusting.

有些帖子建議用大蒜泡茶喝，以防止covid 19，這聽起來很噁心。

Garlic is a well known home remedy for colds and flues and it does contain some antimicrobial compounds.

大蒜是一種眾所周知的治療感冒的家庭療法，它確實含有一些抗菌化合物。

But the World Health Organization is saying that there's no evidence to say that garlic can prevent covid 19.

但是世界衛生組織說，沒有證據表明大蒜可以預防19歲以下的癌症。

There are also myths about how to tell if you have the disease.

還有一些關於如何判斷你是否患有該病的神話。

A couple of these fake home testing methods have been circulating on facebook twitter and on WhatsApp, including my own family's, what's that group and they purport to be from experts at Stanford University or from Taiwanese health experts.

在facebook twitter和WhatsApp上，包括我自己家的那個什麼群裡，一直流傳著幾個假的家庭測試方法，他們聲稱是來自斯坦福大學的專家或臺灣的健康專家。

And they are not.

而他們不是。

One of the myths is that you can tell if you have Covid 19 by holding your breath for 10 seconds.

其中一個神話是，你可以通過屏住呼吸10秒來判斷你是否患有Covid 19。

This myth says that if you can take a deep breath, hold it for 10 seconds without coughing or discomfort, that means that you don't have Covid 19.

這個神話說，如果你能深呼吸，保持10秒鐘而不咳嗽或不適，那就意味著你沒有患Covid 19。

Now, the thing is, the disease does affect the lungs.

現在，問題是，這種疾病確實影響到肺部。

It can cause cough and shortness of breath.

它可以引起咳嗽和呼吸急促。

But while deep breathing exercises are not a bad idea, there not a way of diagnosing yourself at home.

但是，雖然深呼吸練習不是一個壞主意，但沒有一種方法可以在家裡診斷自己。

Another misconception that's really confusing is that the existing pneumonia vaccines protect against COVID-19.

另一個真正令人困惑的誤解是，現有的肺炎疫苗可以防止COVID-19。

Now, the thing is, pneumonia is a lung condition that can be caused by many different types of bacteria and viruses.

現在，問題是，肺炎是一種肺部疾病，可以由許多不同類型的細菌和病毒引起。

Those existing pneumonia vaccines don't directly protect against the new coronavirus because nothing has been developed for that new infection yet.

那些現有的肺炎疫苗並不能直接預防新的冠狀病毒，因為還沒有針對這種新的感染而開發的疫苗。

But the thing is, it's a really good idea to be up to date on your pneumonia shots because if you're protected against all the other causes of pneumonia, you're actually at lower risk of getting covid 19.

但問題是，及時注射肺炎疫苗是一個非常好的主意，因為如果你對所有其他原因的肺炎都有保護，你實際上得到柯維德19的風險就會降低。

That's because one chest infection with any bug leaves you much more vulnerable to getting a second or even a third chest infection.

這是因為任何蟲子的一次胸部感染都會使你更容易獲得第二次甚至第三次胸部感染。

One of the myths out there is that young people are not at risk of contracting covid 19.

外面的一個神話是，年輕人沒有感染丙型肝炎的風險。

And it makes sense that that myth is out there because early on in the epidemic we were seeing the worst cases of illness in older people.

這種說法是有道理的，因為在疫情初期，我們看到老年人的病情最嚴重。

But the evidence shows that younger people are just as likely to contract this disease as older people.

但證據顯示，年輕人和老年人一樣有可能感染這種疾病。

And as the pandemic grows and we get more data, we're seeing that younger kids and teens can get really sick with this virus.

隨著這一大流行病的發展和我們得到更多的數據，我們看到年輕的孩子和青少年可能真的會得這種病毒的病。

In fact, here in California, we've seen reports that a 17 year old may have died from complications related to Covid 19.

事實上，在加州，我們已經看到報告說，一個17歲的孩子可能已經死於與Covid 19有關的併發症。

And I know there were so many news reports saying that younger people don't get sick and don't wind up in the hospital.

我知道有很多新聞報道說，年輕人不會生病，不會被送進醫院。

But new data from the CDC shows that people under the age of 54 make up a significant proportion of those who wind up in hospital with Covid 19.

但是CDC的新數據顯示，54歲以下的人在因Covid 19而入院的人中佔了很大比例。

The director general of the World Health Organization warned young people about Covid 19.

世界衛生組織總幹事就Covid 19向年輕人發出警告。

With this message.

有了這個消息。

You're not invincible.

你不是無敵的。

This virus could put you in hospital for weeks or even kill you.

這種病毒可能使你在醫院住院數週，甚至使你死亡。

And I know this part is scary and not what we want to hear.

我知道這部分是可怕的，不是我們想聽到的。

But there is some new evidence that especially with babies and younger kids and those who have pre existing medical conditions, they can wind up more severely sick with Covid 19 than school age Children.

但有一些新的證據表明，特別是對嬰兒和年齡較小的孩子，以及那些預先存在醫療條件的孩子，他們在服用Covid 19後會比學齡兒童的病情更嚴重。

And even with no symptoms or mild symptoms, Kids and younger people can still spread this disease.

而且即使沒有症狀或症狀輕微，兒童和年輕人仍然可以傳播這種疾病。

That's why we're saying this isn't the time to have a regular spring break.

這就是為什麼我們說現在不是普通春假的時候。

We have to do physical distancing aggressively to stop the spread of disease.

我們必須積極地進行身體疏導，以阻止疾病的傳播。

Another rumor that's making the rounds is that if you have a runny nose, it means you don't have COVID-19.

另一個正在流傳的謠言是，如果你有流鼻涕，就意味著你沒有感染COVID-19。

This is a new virus that we're learning more about it day by day.

這是一種新的病毒，我們對它的瞭解與日俱增。

But as the pandemic grows and we're getting more data about symptoms, we're seeing that many people do have a runny nose and it can also cause a productive cough.

但是隨著大流行病的發展，我們得到了更多關於症狀的數據，我們看到許多人確實有流鼻涕的症狀，而且還可能引起有痰咳嗽。

That's what we call it.

這就是我們所說的。

When somebody has a cough that brings up sputum.

當有人咳嗽時，會帶出痰液。

Also known as flame.

也被稱為火焰。

Of course, the only true way of knowing if you have COVID-19 is to get a test for the disease.

當然，知道你是否患有COVID-19的唯一真正方法是接受該疾病的測試。

Other myths are all about the relationship between temperature and the virus.

其他神話都是關於溫度和病毒之間的關係。

You may have even seen rumors that drinking hot water prevents Covid 19 or they're blasting a blow dryer into your mouth will kill the virus.

你甚至可能看到過這樣的傳言：喝熱水可以防止Covid 19，或者他們把吹風機吹到你的嘴裡會殺死這種病毒。

There's even one myth that goes as far as saying that coronavirus hates the sun.

甚至有一個神話傳說，竟然說冠狀病毒討厭太陽。

There's opposed to going around.

有的人反對繞行。

That says the virus is killed in temperatures of 77 F or greater.

這說明病毒在77華氏度或更高的溫度下會被殺死。

But just look at Singapore where more than 700 people became infected while the temperatures were on average like 88 F and it was really humid.

但只要看看新加坡，那裡有700多人被感染，而溫度平均為88華氏度，而且非常溼潤。

The reason I think this myth is getting traction is because many viral infections do have seasonality, some of them spread during winter months, some during summer months.

我認為這個神話得到了支持，是因為許多病毒感染確實有季節性，有些病毒在冬季傳播，有些在夏季傳播。

The issue here though is that this is a new virus.

但這裡的問題是，這是一種新的病毒。

It doesn't have seasonality yet.

它還沒有季節性。

It is spreading like wildfire through all of us because we are not immune.

它正像野火一樣在我們所有人中蔓延，因為我們沒有免疫力。

We haven't been exposed before.

我們以前沒有被暴露過。

So we don't exactly know what kind of seasonality the new coronavirus will have if it becomes established, you may have seen the myth that gargling with salt water will prevent infection with the new coronavirus.

是以，我們並不確切知道新冠狀病毒如果建立起來會有什麼樣的季節性，你可能已經看到了用鹽水漱口可以防止感染新冠狀病毒的神話。

Salt water Gargling is a well known home remedy for when you have a cold or flu and while it can give some people symptom relief of a scratchy throat, it doesn't treat or prevent Covid 19.

鹽水漱口是眾所周知的感冒或流感時的家庭療法，雖然它可以讓一些人緩解喉嚨搔癢的症狀，但它並不能治療或預防Covid 19。

Another myth, antibiotics can treat Covid 19.

另一個神話，抗生素可以治療Covid 19。

Taking antibiotics for Covid 19 might sound like a good idea because antibiotics are used for treating chest infections, but they only work when they're used against bacteria, a completely different kind of bug To what causes COVID-19, which is caused by a virus to treat the new coronavirus.

服用抗生素治療Covid 19可能聽起來是個好主意，因為抗生素是用來治療胸部感染的，但它們只有在針對細菌時才起作用，這是一種完全不同的蟲子，而COVID-19是由病毒引起的，用來治療新型冠狀病毒。

You need antiviral medicines.

你需要抗病毒藥物。

There aren't any right now, there are approved or proven to work against Covid 19, but some are being tested.

現在沒有任何東西，有被準許或被證明對Covid 19有效的，但有些正在測試中。

Another myth that I keep seeing is that if you have Covid 19, you shouldn't take ibuprofen.

我一直看到的另一個神話是，如果你有Covid 19，你就不應該服用布洛芬。

There's so much confusion out there about whether Covid 19 patients should or shouldn't take ibuprofen.

關於Covid 19患者是否應該或不應該服用布洛芬，外面有太多的困惑。

This all started when the french Minister for Health tweeted that patients with Covid 19 should stay away from ibuprofen.

這一切開始於法國衛生部長在推特上說Covid 19的病人應該遠離布洛芬。

But it's unclear where the ministers information first came from.

但目前還不清楚這些部長們的資訊最初來自哪裡。

And then there was a letter in a medical journal.

然後在一份醫學雜誌上有一封信。

So a letter is different to a peer reviewed study.

是以，一封信與同行評審的研究是不同的。

The letter was wondering whether because of the way ibuprofen works, it could broadly make Covid 19 worse.

這封信是想知道，由於布洛芬的工作方式，它是否可以廣泛地使Covid 19惡化。

Ibuprofen is a medicine from a class of drugs known as NSAID or non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs.

布洛芬是一類被稱為NSAID或非甾體抗炎藥的藥物。

Both the european medicines agency and the World Health Organization have come forward to say there's no reason to stop using ibuprofen for Covid 19 patients.

歐洲藥品管理局和世界衛生組織都站出來說，沒有理由停止對Covid 19患者使用布洛芬。

And in fact, those medicines can be useful in treating the fever and aches and pains associated with the disease.

而事實上，這些藥物對治療與該疾病相關的發燒和疼痛很有幫助。

And the other concern here is that when people see these rumors circulating, they may already be taking ibuprofen or an end set for an existing medical condition and we'll get scared and suddenly stop taking the medicine.

而這裡的另一個擔憂是，當人們看到這些謠言流傳時，他們可能已經在服用布洛芬或用於現有醫療狀況的終端設置，我們會感到害怕，突然停止服藥。

It's really important if you're already taking a medicine that you don't stop taking it without first talking to your health care provider.

如果你已經在服用一種藥物，在沒有與你的醫療服務提供者商量之前，不要停止服用這種藥物，這一點非常重要。

That said, it's always a good idea to check in with your health care provider that can be a doctor, a nurse or pharmacist About any medication you're thinking of taking to treat COVID-19.

也就是說，向你的保健提供者（可以是醫生、護士或藥劑師）瞭解你想服用的任何治療COVID-19的藥物，始終是個好主意。

I think it's really easy to look back at those myths and think I would never fall for that.

我認為回顧那些神話，並認為我永遠不會上當，這真的很容易。

But in the face of so much fear and uncertainty, even the smartest people can fall for false information.

但是面對如此多的恐懼和不確定性，即使是最聰明的人也會被虛假資訊所迷惑。

Here are some quick tips for how to spot myths online.

這裡有一些關於如何識別網上神話的快速提示。

If the information you're seeing is presented in a way that super sensationalized and trying to stoke emotion, then that's one warning sign that this could be a myth.

如果你看到的資訊是以一種超級聳人聽聞和試圖煽動情緒的方式呈現，那麼這就是一個警告信號，這可能是一個神話。

Always try and trace the information back to its original source.

始終嘗試追溯資訊的原始來源。

If you can't do that, or if the original source looks shady, then it's likely to be a myth.

如果你不能做到這一點，或者如果原始來源看起來不光彩，那麼它很可能是一個神話。

Always look out for credible sources of health information, such as the CDC and the World Health Organization.

始終關注可信的健康資訊來源，如CDC和世界衛生組織。

I hope I've cleared up some myths about COVID-19.

我希望我已經澄清了關於COVID-19的一些迷思。

If you have questions or concerns, you can leave them in the comments or reach me on my Twitter or Instagram.

如果你有問題或擔憂，可以在評論中留言，或在我的Twitter或Instagram上聯繫我。

Yeah, yeah.

是的，是的。