with my friend Dave who's going to  make us pizza. Doesn't this look good?  

和我的朋友戴夫一起，他要給我們做披薩。這看起來不是很好嗎？

We're going to look at a lot of different  vocabulary words and pronunciations here.

我們在這裡要看很多不同的詞彙和發音。

First, this word.

首先，這個詞。

Look at that bubble.

看看那個保麗龍。

Wow.

哇。

You probably know bubble as this:

你可能知道保麗龍是這樣的。

And you probably know it as bubble gum or bubble  tea. But do you what it means to live in a bubble?  

而你可能知道它是泡泡糖或泡泡茶。但是你知道生活在保麗龍中意味著什麼嗎？

This is a phrase that I've heard  used more and more in recent years  

這是近年來我越來越多地聽到的一句話

and it means detached from the world. You  only know what's happening right around you,  

而這意味著脫離了這個世界。你只知道在你周圍發生的事情。

your friends, your family. You don't think  about what else is going on in the world.  

你的朋友，你的家人。你不去想世界上還發生了什麼。

You don't inform yourself. It's sometimes  applied to people who live a comfortable life  

你不通知你自己。它有時適用於生活舒適的人

who don't really think about what it might  be like for someone who's less fortunate.  

他們並沒有真正考慮到那些不那麼幸運的人可能是什麼樣子。

Or it can be used to describe someone who only  interacts with people that have the same views  

或者可以用來形容只與有相同觀點的人交往的人。

and opinions like in politics as they  do. Let's use it in a sample sentence.

和意見，就像他們在政治中一樣。讓我們在一個例句中使用它。

I really want to travel a lot with my children  

我真的想和我的孩子們一起經常旅行

because I don't want their lives to  only be lived in an American bubble.

因為我不希望他們的生活只生活在美國的保麗龍中。

Okay, that's in a bubble.  What about on the bubble?

好吧，這是在保麗龍中。 那在保麗龍上呢？

If something's on the bubble, that means a  decision is being made and you're not sure  

如果某些東西處於保麗龍狀態，這意味著正在做出決定，而你不確定。

what the outcome would be. It could go this  way or that way. For example, let's say I'm  

結果會是什麼。它可能走這條路或那條路。例如，假設我是

taking the top ten students in my Physics class to  form a team for competition. I have eight people,  

在我的物理課上抽取前十名學生組成一個團隊進行比賽。我有八個人。

I know I'll use them for sure. Then I have four or  five kind of on the bubble. I'm not sure which of  

我知道我肯定會使用它們。然後我有四到五個人在等待機會。我不確定哪些是

those students I'll choose. Each one of those students is on the bubble. They may get chosen or they may not.

我將選擇那些學生。這些學生中的每一個人都在保麗龍中。他們可能被選中，也可能不被選中。

Have you heard this word to describe  something inside you? A feeling can bubble up.

你是否聽說過這個詞來描述你內心的東西？一種感覺會冒出來。

I started to feel panic. Bubble  inside me. An idea can bubble up.

我開始感到驚慌。在我體內冒泡。一個想法會冒泡。

I'm bubbling with ideas!

我滿腦子都是想法!

Or someone can be bubbly. Someone  who's bubbly is really cheerful.

或者某人可以是冒泡的。冒泡的人真的很開朗。

The idiom “To burst your bubble” means to wreck  an idea or reality that someone's put together  

成語 "戳破你的保麗龍 "的意思是破壞別人的想法或現實。

that can't actually work out.

這實際上是無法實現的。

To say or do something that  

說或做一些

show someone his beliefs are false or  what he wants to happen will now happen.

向某人展示他的信仰是錯誤的，或者他想要發生的事情現在會發生。

For example, let's say I ran into my  friend from English class and I say  

例如，假設我在英語課上碰到我的朋友，我說

“What are you up to this weekend?” She  tells me all the great things she's  

"你這個週末在忙什麼？"她告訴我她的所有偉大的事情。

going to do this weekend, all the fun she's  going to have. On Monday then, she'll start  

這個週末要做的事情，她將會有的所有樂趣。然後在星期一，她將開始

working on a paper that's due on Wednesday.  I might say, “I hate to burst your bubble,  

正在寫一篇週三要交的論文。 我可能會說，"我不想戳破你的保麗龍。

but that paper is due on Monday. You're going  to have to work on it over the weekend.”

但那篇論文週一就要交了。你將不得不在週末進行工作。"

So many uses for this word. And this dough  was bubbly with pockets of air in it.

這個詞有很多用途。而這個麵糰是有氣泡的，裡面有一些空氣袋。

Look at that bubble.

看看那個保麗龍。

Wow.

哇。

Now I ask my friend Dave how  long he's been making pizzas.

現在我問我的朋友戴夫他做披薩有多久了。

Little over a year now  since I got this pizza oven.

自從我得到這個披薩爐以來，現在已經有一年多了。

Uh-uh.

嗯，嗯。

This thing is definitely been a game  changer from my outdoor uh food and  

這東西絕對是一個改變遊戲規則的東西，從我的戶外呃食物和

uhm entertaining capabilities.

呃，娛樂能力。

Yeah, it's nice to be able to be outdoors.

是的，能夠在戶外活動是件好事。

It is.

它是。

Game changer is an idiom  and it doesn't necessarily  

遊戲規則改變者是一個成語，它不一定是

have to do with games. It's anything that  significantly changes the outcome of something.

與遊戲有關。它是任何能顯著改變事情結果的東西。

For example, let's say my friend  got into the college of her dreams.  

例如，假設我的朋友進入了她夢想中的大學。

You know, I hate to burst your bubble  but that college is too expensive.  

你知道，我不想戳破你的保麗龍，但那所大學太貴了。

But wait, she got a major  scholarship. Oh, this is a game changer!

但等等，她得到了一項重要的獎學金。哦，這是個改變遊戲規則的機會!

With this scholarship, she will be able  to go to the college of her choice.  

有了這筆獎學金，她將能夠進入她選擇的大學。

Or, I got my grandma her first iPhone.  

或者，我給我奶奶買了她的第一部iPhone。

It's a game-changer. She can keep in touch  with all her grandchildren now. Game changer.

這是一個遊戲規則的改變。她現在可以和她所有的孫子輩保持聯繫了。改變遊戲規則的人。

Little over a year now  since I got this pizza oven.

自從我得到這個比薩爐以來，已經有一年多了。

Uh-uh.

嗯，嗯。

This thing is definitely been a game  changer from my outdoor uh food and  

這東西絕對是一個改變遊戲規則的東西，從我的戶外呃食物和

uh entertaining capabilities.

呃，娛樂能力。

Yeah, it's nice to be able to be outdoors.

是的，能夠在戶外活動是件好事。

It is.

它是。

So, I'm just going to give myself a  little bit of extra assurance by sliding it.

所以，我只是要通過滑動它給自己一點額外的保證。

Yeah, because it's so heavy with all that topping.

是的，因為它有那麼多的配料，所以很重。

Yeah. But as soon as it hits that plate, it's  already baking. So now, it will be really easy to  

是的。但是當它碰到那個盤子時，它就已經在烤了。所以現在，這將是非常容易

shift around. We want to get that lid back on so it draws the flame up and out.

轉動。我們想讓那個蓋子重新蓋上，這樣它就能把火焰吸引到外面去。

What's the temperature in there?

裡面的溫度是多少？

You got me. I'd say somewhere between nine  hundred to a thousand degrees.

你問倒我了。我說大約在九百到一千度之間。

No.

沒有。

Yeah.

是的。

No.

沒有。

Hmmm.

嗯。

Got me. This phrase means I don't  know. Have you heard it before?  

抓到我了。這句話的意思是我不知道。你以前聽過嗎？

It could also be “beats me.” These both mean the  same thing. I don't know, I have no idea. Got me.

它也可能是 "擊敗我"。這兩者的意思是一樣的。我不知道，我不知道。抓到我了。

What's the temperature in there?

裡面的溫度是多少？

You got me. I'd say somewhere between nine  hundred to a thousand degrees.

你問倒我了。我說大約在九百到一千度之間。

No.

沒有。

Yeah.

是的。

No.

沒有。

Hmmm.

嗯。

I just couldn't believe it. Well,  Dave made several amazing pizzas.

我只是無法相信。好吧，戴夫做了幾個驚人的比薩餅。

Mushrooms,  

蘑菇。

I did a little uh, grilled Zucchini over here.

我在這裡做了一個小小的呃，烤西葫蘆。

Oh I was wondering, did you  had the grill going too?

哦，我在想，你也有烤肉嗎？

Yeah I grilled some zucchini.

是的，我烤了一些西葫蘆。

This has got some garlic, some turmeric.  I'm a big fan or turmeric right now.

這裡面有一些大蒜，一些薑黃。 我現在是薑黃的大粉絲。

It's supposed to be good to your joints, right?

它應該對你的關節有好處，對嗎？

Good at inflammation uh, anti-inflammatory.

擅長發炎呃，抗炎。

So we're going to make a vegetable, uh, pizza here. Because Rachel, she loves her vegetables.

所以我們要做一個蔬菜，呃，披薩。因為瑞秋，她喜歡她的蔬菜。

I do.

我願意。

Yeah, it got a little extra burned there.

是的，它在那裡得到了一點額外的燒傷。

Hmm. Really good though.

嗯。不過真的很好。

How was it?

情況如何？

Amazing.

令人驚歎。

So the pizza got burned on the bottom.  Let's go over a few terms to discuss  

所以比薩餅的底部被燒燬了。 讓我們回顧一下幾個術語來討論

how things are cooked or baked.

東西是如何烹調或烘烤的。

With red meat, that is meat from a  cow, it can be raw, not cooked at all.  

對於紅肉，也就是來自牛的肉，它可以是生的，根本不需要煮熟。

There's also rare, just a little cooked. The  internet is full of helpful infographics.  

也有少見的，只是有點熟了。互聯網上有很多有用的資訊圖表。

We passed through medium and go all  the way to well-done. Burned is, well  

我們通過了中度，一路走到了好度。燒焦的是，嗯

beyond well-done. Now, this terminology,  medium, rare applies to red meat.

超過熟透的程度。現在，這個術語，中度，罕見適用於紅肉。

If you want to say that something  hasn't been cooked long enough,  

如果你想說某樣東西煮得不夠久。

you could say underdone or undercooked.

你可以說是未熟透或未煮熟。

One time, I got clam chowder  and the potatoes were too hard.  

有一次，我得到了蛤蜊湯，洋芋太硬了。

Not cooked all the way, not  cooked through, undercooked.

沒有完全煮熟，沒有煮透，沒有煮熟。

So, one pizza on the bottom was  a little burnt. No big deal.

是以，底部的一個比薩餅有點燒焦。沒有什麼大不了的。

By the way, just last weekend, Dave made us  all pizza again and it was absolutely perfect.  

順便說一句，就在上週末，戴夫又給我們大家做了披薩，絕對完美。

On point. I said, “Dave, you've  really dialed in your pizza.”

關於這一點。我說："戴夫，你的披薩真的撥得很好。"

Dial it in is one of my favorite idioms and I have  a great video going over that idiom and the idiom  

Dial it in是我最喜歡的成語之一，我有一個很好的視頻來介紹這個成語和成語。

“Phone it in” which has an opposite meaning,  check out that video in the video description.

"Phone it in"，這有一個相反的意思，請看視頻描述中的那個視頻。

I love that zucchini on there.

我喜歡那上面的西葫蘆。

That zucchini is bomb.

那個西葫蘆是炸彈。

If something is bomb, that means it's very  good. This is slang that my husband David uses  

如果某樣東西是炸彈，那就意味著它非常好。這是我丈夫大衛使用的俚語

a lot. Food can be bomb, a house can be bomb,  a trip, a view and so on. You'll also hear  

很多。食物可以是炸彈，房子可以是炸彈，旅行、風景等等。你還會聽到

it as “the bomb.” It doesn't matter if  “the” Infront or not, this pizza is bomb or  

它是 "炸彈"。是否 "the "Infront並不重要，這個比薩餅是炸彈或

this pizza is the bomb. They mean the same thing.

這個比薩餅是炸彈。他們的意思是一樣的。

Who's that?

那是誰？

Hah. Me!

哈。我!

You're right! It's you.

你是對的!是你。

Are you keeping a closer eye Dave?

你是否在密切關注戴夫？

I am definitely keeping a closer eye on this  one. See, we just get it nice and brown there.

我肯定會密切關注這個問題。你看，我們只是在那裡得到了很好的和棕色的東西。

It looks so good.

它看起來很好。

I said, “Are you keeping a closer eye?”

我說："你是不是盯緊了？"

To keep an eye on something is an idiom  that means to pay attention to something.  

關注某事是一個成語，意思是關注某事。

He's keeping a closer eye on the pizza  than last time so this one won't burn.

他比上次更密切地關注著比薩餅，所以這一次不會被燒燬。

One time, I was at an indoor playground and I  asked another mom to keep an eye on Stoney while  

有一次，我在一個室內遊樂場，我讓另一位媽媽看著Stoney，同時讓他看一下。

I went to the bathroom. Sometimes, if David is  simmering a soup but has to leave the house to  

我去了洗手間。有時，如果大衛正在燉湯，但不得不離開家去

get the kids, he might say, “Can you keep an eye  on the soup and stir it every once in a while?”

讓孩子們，他可能會說，"你能不能盯著湯，每隔一段時間就攪拌一下？"

Think of a situation where you might  want to keep an eye on something for you.  

想一想，在什麼情況下你可能想為你盯著什麼。

To pay attention to it for you. Then make  up a sentence an put it on the comments.

要為你關注它。然後編一個句子，放在評論上。

Are you keeping a closer eye Dave?

你是否在密切關注戴夫？

I am definitely keeping a closer eye on this  one. See, we just get it nice and brown there.

我肯定會密切關注這個問題。你看，我們只是在那裡得到了很好的和棕色的東西。

It looks so good.

它看起來很好。

I will say the texture of that crust is so good.

我想說的是，那塊地皮的質地非常好。

It is nice. I agree with you.

這很好。我同意你的觀點。

The texture of a food is important. The  consistency, how it feels in your mouth.  

食物的質地很重要。稠度，它在你口中的感覺。

Pizza crust can be chewy. That's what this  was, it can be dry, crispy. There's so many  

比薩餅皮可以是有嚼頭的。這就是這一點，它可以是乾的，脆的。有這麼多的

different ways to describe different textures  for food, hard, crunchy, soft, pillowy,  

用不同的方法來描述食物的不同質地，硬的、脆的、軟的、枕頭的。

mushy, gooey, runny, spongey and so on. Can you  think of more? Put them in the comments below.

黏糊糊的、粘糊糊的、流動的、海綿狀的等等。你能想出更多嗎？把它們放在下面的評論中。

I like a good chewy crust.

我喜歡有嚼勁的麵包皮。

I will say the texture of that crust is so good.

我想說的是，那塊地皮的質地非常好。

It is nice. I agree with you.

這很好。我同意你的觀點。

This one's blowing up.

這個人被炸飛了。

Oh, that looks about perfect.

哦，這看起來很完美。

Almost done. That's pretty good.

幾乎完成。這很好。

I'm going to hit this side

我要打這一邊

Yeah. See it's a little lighter?

是的。看到它有點輕了嗎？

Dave did a reduction over reduction. I love it  when people do this. The phrase was “I am going to  

戴夫做了一個減法過減法。我喜歡人們這樣做。這句話是 "我將

hit this side.” You're probably familiar with the  way Americans reduce "going to" to "gonna." Very common.  

打到這邊。"你可能很熟悉美國人把 "去 "簡化為 "去 "的方式。非常常見。

Have you ever notice before that I'm gonna  is sometimes reduced further? It can become  

你以前有沒有注意到，"我要 "有時會進一步減少？它可以變成

I'muna or even just muna. This is what Dave did here. He said “I'muna.” Dropping the g of gonna.

I'muna或甚至只是muna。這就是戴夫在這裡所做的。他說 "I'muna"。丟掉了要去的g。

I'muna hit this side

我在這一邊打了

Now, hit this side. That just  means he's going to make sure  

現在，打這一邊。這只是意味著他要確保

that side is what get closest to the flame. Let's  listen a bit more. He also uses the contraction  

那一邊是最接近火焰的地方。讓我們再聽一下。他還使用了縮略語

“should have.” He says “He let the  dough rest more than he should've.”

"本應如此。"他說："他讓麵糰休息的時間比他應該的要多。"

I'muna hit this side. See it's a little lighter?

我打這一邊。看到它有點輕了嗎？

I totally agree.

我完全同意。

This stuff is making some deep dish. Today.  

這東西正在製作一些深盤。今天。

I think I'll let it sit the dough rest  a little bit longer than I shoud've  

我想我應該讓麵糰多休息一會兒。

because the dough is a little less  stretchy, it's more bubbly, it's airy.

因為麵糰不那麼有彈性，它的氣泡更多，它的空氣更多。

I just love capturing natural  English and finding the idioms  

我只是喜歡捕捉自然的英語和尋找成語

and the reductions and sharing them with you here.

和減少，並在此與你們分享。

Massive thanks to my friend Dave who let me  capture his pizza-making skills on camera.

非常感謝我的朋友戴夫，他讓我用相機拍下了他製作披薩的技巧。

If you like Dave, give him a  thumbs up and a shout out in the comments.

如果你喜歡戴夫，請在評論中為他豎起大拇指並大聲喊出來。

Keep your learning going right  now and check out this video  

現在就繼續學習，看看這個視頻吧

and be sure to subscribe with notifications on.  

並確保在通知中訂閱。

I make new videos on the English language every  Tuesday and I'd love to see you back here again.

我每週二都會製作關於英語的新視頻，我很希望看到你再次回到這裡。

That's it and thanks so much  for using Rachel's English.

就是這樣，非常感謝你使用瑞秋的英語。