Name: なぜ1.2メートル以上のジャンプは不可能なのか | WIRED.jp (なぜ1.2メートル以上のジャンプは不可能なのか | WIRED.jp)
Uploaded: 2021-05-26T17:55:40.000Z
Duration: 11 min 47 s

jumping high is an important skill for a lot of sports and in certain circles of the Internet.

跳高是很多體育項目和互聯網某些圈子裡的一項重要技能。

It's even become its own niche competition.

它甚至已經成為自己的利基競爭。

The standing vertical leap is one of the critical tests at the NFL combine and has long been a gold standard for assessing human leaping ability.

站立垂直跳躍是美國國家橄欖球聯盟的關鍵測試之一，長期以來一直是評估人類跳躍能力的黃金標準。

You might think a dunk legend like Michael Jordan would own the vertical leap record.

你可能認為像邁克爾-喬丹這樣的扣籃傳奇會擁有垂直跳躍的記錄。

But the highest jumpers actually aren't basketball players and football players actually have the highest vertical jump.

但跳得最高的人實際上不是籃球運動員，足球運動員的垂直跳遠實際上是最高的。

Yeah, most people would think, well basketball guys jump more so they have the highest.

是的，大多數人會認為，籃球運動員跳得更多，所以他們的水準最高。

But you know, football players are used to starting from a static position, which is what a vertical jump is.

但你知道，足球運動員習慣於從一個靜態位置開始，這就是垂直跳躍。

The NFL combines top leaper, Gerald Sensabaugh once hit 46 and then there's the extra inch higher that USC football player, josh, immature, baby was once measured jumping.

美國國家橄欖球聯盟(NFL)的頂級跳水運動員傑拉德-森薩博(Gerald Sensabaugh)曾經跳到過46英尺，然後還有南加州大學的橄欖球運動員喬什(Josh)，不成熟的嬰兒，曾經被測得跳得更高一英寸。

We're going to look at why jumping from a standstill to higher than 50 inches is almost impossible.

我們要看一下為什麼從靜止狀態跳到高於50英寸的地方几乎是不可能的。

The box jump, which has been made popular in part by Crossfit workouts, has gone viral on the Internet, and it's easy to see why This is Evan Engle, who set the Guinness world record for a standing box jump at 63 a half inches.

部分由Crossfit訓練而流行起來的跳箱運動已經在互聯網上走紅，不難看出這是埃文-恩格爾，他以63.5英寸的高度創造了站立跳箱的金氏世界紀錄。

He set the record for single leg jump to to find out what it takes.

他創造了單腿跳的記錄，以找出它的作用。

I trained with Hunger learned how to cheat the analog vertical jump test perfect.

我與飢餓訓練學會了如何在模擬垂直跳躍測試中完美作弊。

There's another inch and talk with the scientist about why some people like Evan hunger can jump so much higher than the rest of us.

還有一英寸，並與科學家談論為什麼有些人如埃文-飢餓可以跳得比我們其他人高得多。

His muscles are capable of doing bigger forces in new york.

他的肌肉有能力在紐約做更大的力量。

We flew him out to san Francisco to show us how he jumps so high, so this is ridiculous.

我們讓他飛到舊金山，向我們展示他如何跳得那麼高，所以這很荒謬。

This is up to almost my chin, like I can rest my head on this pretty easily were 60 inches, right?

這幾乎到了我的下巴，就像我可以很容易地把我的頭放在這上面一樣，是60英寸，對嗎？

And that's 3.5 inches shy of the world record, which you set.

而這離你創造的世界紀錄還差3.5英寸。

So like how how I can't even think about how to do this, what do you do mentally and physically to prepare for and then actually execute a jump like this?

所以，就像我怎麼想也想不出怎麼做，你在精神上和身體上做什麼準備，然後實際執行這樣的跳躍？

I will train jumps sporadically but not very often.

我將零星地訓練跳躍，但不是很頻繁。

Um But a lot of weight training and uh usually just focused on the lower body.

但很多重量訓練和呃通常只是集中在下半身。

Uh And I said I get closer the squatch change uh in variation in reps and sets, they get heavier and less reps.

我說，我越來越接近抓鬥的變化，呃，在次數和套數的變化中，他們變得更重，次數更少。

Uh like making it a lot stronger for A one time explosive movement.

呃......就像為一次爆炸性運動做得更強。

Right mentally, I think the mental game is just as hard as the physical game.

在心理上，我認為心理遊戲和身體遊戲一樣難。

The problem is like mentally you can't really prepare to too much for it.

問題是在精神上你不能真正為它準備太多。

Um, but I find when I'm coming up to the box, I try not to think of anything hunger trained for a year before he set his record.

嗯，但我發現當我走到箱子前時，我儘量不去想任何事情，飢餓感在他創造記錄之前訓練了一年。

I didn't have that kind of time, but with his coaching I got to 34 then 38 hi, and that's a mic and then 42 inches.

我沒有那樣的時間，但在他的指導下，我到了34歲，然後是38喜，那是一個麥克風，然後是42英寸。

All right, this is 30 inch box 34 inch plates were at 42 inches high.

好吧，這是30英寸的盒子，34英寸的板子，在42英寸高。

Okay, Before I began to really worry about cracking a shin hunger had me jumping to 46".

好吧，在我開始真正擔心裂開脛骨之前，飢餓感讓我跳到了46英寸。

是的，你有一個完整的懸掛時間在。

Thing is I'm not technically jumping that higher because remember the NFL combine record is also 46" and I'm nowhere near as athletic as a pro football player.

問題是我在技術上沒有跳得那麼高，因為記住NFL聯合體的記錄也是46英寸，而我的運動能力遠不及一個職業足球運動員。

Now there are lots of different kinds of jumps.

There's running jumps, high jumps, triple jumps, but the standing vertical jump is used in the NFL combine and by sports scientists because it's a good measure of explosive power.

有跑跳、跳高、三級跳，但站立垂直跳在美國國家橄欖球聯盟聯合體和體育科學家中被使用，因為它是衡量爆發力的一個好方法。

The box jump looks amazing, but it's not just pure vertical jumping, it's actually a complex move that builds on top of a vertical jump by pulling your feet up towards your hips, interestingly, about a century ago, there was an olympic event called the standing high jump and it was pretty similar to box jumping.

跳箱看起來很神奇，但它不僅僅是純粹的垂直跳躍，它實際上是一個複雜的動作，通過把你的腳拉向你的臀部，建立在垂直跳躍的基礎上。有趣的是，大約一個世紀前，有一個奧林匹克項目叫做立定跳高，它與跳箱相當相似。

This guy, American ray Phiri was the reigning champion.

這個傢伙，美國人雷-菲裡是衛冕冠軍。

他曾經以65英寸的高度通過了一個欄杆。

If he were alive today, he'd probably give hunger a run for the box jump title, but we wanted to know how longer might stack up against today's NFL combine jumpers.

如果他今天還活著，他可能會給飢餓的人一個跳箱的頭銜，但我們想知道更長的時間會如何與今天的NFL聯合跳遠運動員相提並論。

So he and I both jumped in front of a measuring tape.

It's really just like watched him rise past me as you can see he out jumped me by a lot.

這真的就像看著他從我身邊走過一樣，你可以看到他比我跳得多。

It was hardly scientific, but it looks like he's cruising to nearly three ft, that's almost 90 cm.

這幾乎是不科學的，但看起來他已經遊弋到近3英尺，也就是近90釐米。

Here's the thing exactly how high he jumped, depends on how you measure it.

事情是這樣的他到底跳了多高，取決於你如何衡量。

You start from a standstill with his feet flat on the ground or the moment before takeoff when he's on his tiptoes, Depending on your form and how big your feet are.

你從他的腳平放在地上的靜止狀態開始，或者在起飛前的那一刻，當他踮起腳尖的時候，取決於你的形式和你的腳有多大。

The difference could be 10 or more inches.

無論怎樣，這都是一個非常令人印象深刻的跳躍。

Like I look at this guy doing the standing vertical jump and I go, oh my God, what a monster.

就像我看著這個做立定跳遠的傢伙，我想，哦，我的上帝，真是個怪物。

Right, that's bio mechanistic, jesus, to pena, and my specialty is trying to understand the mechanics of athletes jump.

對，那是生物力學，上帝啊，對佩納來說，我的專業是試圖理解運動員跳躍的力學原理。

Those mechanics are actually pretty intuitive.

The way to get the biggest possible height is to have a big vertical velocity at the end of the take off.

獲得最大可能高度的方法是在起飛結束時有一個大的垂直速度。

De Pena says it's all about moving up as powerfully as you can for as long as you can before leaving the ground, Okay, So you would think that you would go and you would crouch yourself, bend your legs, grandma and be down there and then wait and say, okay, let's go, and then you use your muscles to extend your legs as powerfully as you can to get out from the ground.

德佩納說，這都是關於在離開地面之前，儘可能有力地向上移動，好的，所以你會認為你會去，你會自己蹲下，彎曲你的腿，奶奶的，在下面，然後等待，說，好的，我們走，然後你用你的肌肉儘可能有力地伸展你的腿，從地面出來。

The problem with that is that when you're down there waiting to start your jump, you're making a force that is sub maximum, you're just needing to make the force that you need to hold that downward position and to be able to go upward, you need to make a force that is bigger than that.

這樣做的問題是，當你在下面等待開始跳的時候，你所做的力是次於最大的，你只需要做你所需要的力來保持那個向下的位置，為了能夠向上，你需要做一個比這更大的力。

So what you do is instead of starting at the bottom you start standing up so you're standing up and then you relax your muscles completely mm So your your legs turned basically into wet noodles, right?

所以你要做的是，不要從底部開始，而是開始站起來，這樣你就站起來了，然後你完全放鬆你的肌肉，所以你的腿基本上變成了溼麵條，對嗎？

And your gravity is pulling downwards so you go down as you're using your muscles to slow down this downward motion.

而你的重力是向下拉的，所以你在用你的肌肉來減緩這個向下的運動時，就會往下走。

You're activating those muscles, your pre tensing the muscles.

你在激活這些肌肉，你在預先繃緊肌肉。

So at the very bottom point you have all of your vertical range of motion for the upper motion available to you.

是以，在最底層，你有你所有的垂直運動範圍的上層運動可以使用。

Still in, your muscles are already pretense, it's called the counter movement.

還在的時候，你的肌肉已經在矯枉過正了，這就叫逆向運動。

Jump under and I both tried it and not surprisingly he jumped way higher than me.

跳下和我都試了一下，不出所料，他跳得比我高。

I asked dr depina why he has better muscles.

我問Depina醫生為什麼他的肌肉更好。

His muscles are capable of doing bigger forces in new york, basically Just means that he has a bigger cross sectional area of muscle in the main movers really.

他的肌肉能夠在紐約做更大的力，基本上就是指他在主要運動者中擁有更大的肌肉橫截面積，真的。

If anyone knows how lucrative a solid jump is.

如果有人知道穩固的跳槽是多麼有利可圖。

He's a coach who runs an online jumping academy for athletes who want to improve their leaping abilities.

他是一名教練，為想要提高跳躍能力的運動員開辦了一個在線跳躍學院。

He watched me jump and offered some suggestions for how to improve.

他看著我跳，併為我提供了一些改進建議。

We all know squads, headless, front squat, we think strong legs.

我們都知道方陣，無頭，前蹲，我們認為腿部強壯。

Um it'll help uh view it as a way to create tensions.

嗯，這將有助於呃將其視為創造緊張局勢的一種方式。

So right now, if we can create more tension in your legs by getting stronger, you will have the capability to jump higher.

是以，現在，如果我們能通過變得更強壯而在你的腿上創造更多的張力，你將有能力跳得更高。

So it is possible that I could get better at jumping, but I'll probably never get to angers level, that doesn't mean I couldn't have a higher vertical jump.

是以，我有可能在跳躍方面做得更好，但我可能永遠不會達到安格斯的水準，這並不意味著我不能有更高的垂直跳躍。

I went to Sparta science to talk with Founder Phil Wagner from a research standpoint vertical jump has been associated with performance and a variety of sports.

我去斯巴達科學與創始人菲爾-瓦格納交談，從研究的角度來看，垂直跳躍與性能和各種運動都有關係。

He works with pro athletes, including NFL hopefuls to post their best vertical leap on an analog measuring device called a vertex using it is simple.

他與職業運動員合作，包括國家橄欖球聯盟的希望之星，在一個叫做頂點的模擬測量設備上發佈他們的最佳垂直跳躍，使用它很簡單。

Just subtract the highest you can reach while standing from the highest you can reach while jumping.

只需從跳躍時能達到的最高值中減去站立時能達到的最高值。

The difference is the height of your jump kind of because for as easy as the vertex is to use, it's also really easy to cheat.

區別在於你跳躍的高度，因為頂點很容易使用，它也很容易作弊。

Just make your standing reach as low as possible that much because you had a lot of elbow damage.

只要讓你的站姿儘可能的低，因為你的肘部有很多損傷。

Right, right, Wagner showed me how I could add a few inches with a fake injury, wow, you can't even get close.

對，對，瓦格納向我展示了我如何用假傷增加幾英寸，哇，你甚至不能接近。

Let me walk through this thing actually, with my short of my shoulder tipped up, my fingers extended my arm all the way straight and they walk through again, no fake injury fully stretched out.

讓我走過這件事實際上，我的肩膀的短處傾斜起來，我的手指伸直我的手臂所有的方式，他們再次走過，沒有假傷完全伸直。

Look at the difference That 45 seems a lot closer now, then I jumped right and jumped again, this time using another trick.

看看這差別 那45號現在看起來近多了，然後我向右跳，再跳，這次用的是另一招。

Some toe bounce, which amplifies the counter movements.

一些腳趾的反彈，放大了反面的運動。

So what's considered probably average quote unquote average for an NFL Burt would be in the mid thirties.

是以，被認為可能是平均水平的NFL伯特的報價將是在30歲左右。

所以你做了大約33"，只是在那裡。

A little cheating, no warm up the schedule.

有點作弊，沒有熱身的時間表。

Scientists can't even agree on the best way to measure vertical jumps.

科學家們甚至不能就測量垂直跳躍的最佳方法達成一致。

There's the analog Ever Tech, there's video analysis and then there's force plates which measuring athletes force on the ground to calculate the height of their jump.

有模擬的Ever Tech，有視頻分析，然後還有測力板，測量運動員在地面上的力量以計算他們的跳躍高度。

And thanks to their proprietary equipment, he says they're also far more accurate at measuring a vertical leap.

他說，由於他們的專有設備，他們在測量垂直跳躍方面也要準確得多。

in jump, that's half after three average jumps, the force plate brought me back down to earth and more than have my vertical leap to wait for it.

在跳躍中，那是一半經過三次平均跳躍，力板把我帶回到地面上，多有我的垂直跳躍來等待它。