Name: Covid疫苗技术如何尽快抗击癌症（How Covid Vaccine Tech Could Fight Cancer Soon）
Uploaded: 2021-05-23T15:46:50.000Z
Duration: 11 min 46 s
Description: 【看影片學英語】數萬部 YouTube 影片，搭配英漢字典即點即查，輕鬆掌握單字發音與用法，長久累積看電影不必再看字幕。

過去完成式

In 1995, Katalin Karikó had hit a low point.

A biochemist at the University of Pennsylvania,

she'd devoted her entire career to turning mRNA,

one of the most important building blocks of life,

I knew that it can be used for everything

and, you know, kind of a Cassandra feeling

Karikó's grant applications were rejected.

And in 2005, Karikó and her colleague Drew Weissman

research which would underpin the success

When the first Covid-19 vaccine was approved,

I thought it was a changed moment for mRNA.

What we've been seeing in animals was real,

to a powerful weapon helping to end the pandemic.

could provide a cure for diseases beyond Covid.

Our cells use these instructions to make proteins,

mRNAs are responsible for everything our body does,

and Moderna are based on this mRNA mechanism.

mRNA vaccines use the genetic information

Scientists make an mRNA that codes for the spike protein

of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that caused Covid-19.

Then the mRNA is put inside a lipid coating

and starts to make harmless spike proteins of its own,

When you make an inactivated virus vaccine,

You have to figure out how to grow it in eggs.

But the journey for mRNA to break into mainstream medicine

But it wasn't until 1984 that scientists were able

you can reapply, and then the healing is done,

arguing mRNA therapies didn't look feasible.

and so the injected lab-made RNA caused inflammation

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Covid疫苗技术如何尽快抗击癌症（How Covid Vaccine Tech Could Fight Cancer Soon）

immune

pandemic

guarantee

fragile