English from BBC Learning

BBC學習的英語

English. I'm Neil.

英語。我是尼爾。

And I'm Rob.

而我是羅伯。

Do you enjoy your own

你是否喜歡自己的

company, Rob? Do you like

公司，羅伯？你是否喜歡

being alone? Or do you

孤獨？或者你是否

prefer spending time

更喜歡花時間

with friends?

和朋友一起？

Well, recently I haven't

嗯，最近我還沒有

seen my friends much

經常看到我的朋友

because of coronavirus - in

因為冠狀病毒--在

fact, I've hardly seen

事實上，我幾乎沒有看到

anyone this past year!

在過去的一年裡，任何人都是如此

It sounds like Rob has

聽起來，羅布已經

become a bit of a hermit -

變得有點像個隱士

someone who lives alone

獨居者

and apart from society.

並與社會分離。

Yes, I've been forced to

是的，我已經被迫

spend time alone - but it

花時間獨處 - 但它

wouldn't be my choice.

不會是我的選擇。

I'd much rather be

我更願意成為

socialising and visiting friends.

社交和拜訪朋友。

If, like Rob, the idea of

如果像Rob一樣，對

being alone does not

孤獨並不

appeal to you, it might

對你有吸引力，它可能

be hard to understand

難懂

why anyone would

為什麼有人會

choose to be a hermit.

選擇做一個隱士。

But some people do - and

但有些人確實如此--而且

in this programme we'll

在這個節目中，我們將

be hearing some of

將會聽到一些

the reasons why.

的原因。

Throughout history and

縱觀歷史和

across all cultures, there

在所有文化中，有

have been people who

一直以來，人們都在

choose to leave behind

選擇留下

the life and people the

的生活和人民。

know to live in isolation

知足常樂

and silence.

和沉默。

People like Christopher

像克里斯托弗這樣的人

Wright - an American man

賴特--一個美國人

who lived in complete isolation

生活在完全隔離狀態的人

in the forests of Maine for

在緬因州的森林中，為

nearly 30 years! When

近30年了!當

hikers discovered his tent

驢友們發現了他的帳篷

all they found was

他們所發現的都是

an alarm clock. So my

一個鬧鐘。所以我的

quiz question is this:

測驗問題是這樣的。

why did Christopher Wright,

為什麼克里斯托弗-賴特。

the hermit of the Maine

緬因州的隱士

woods, need an

樹林，需要一個

alarm clock? Was it:

鬧鐘？是的。

a) to remind him when

a) 提醒他何時

to hide his tent?, b) to

來隱藏他的帳篷，b）來

frighten away wild animals?,

嚇跑野生動物？

or c) to wake him up at

或c)喚醒他在

the coldest part of the

最冷的地方

night so he didn't

晚上，所以他沒有

freeze to death?

凍死了？

Well, if he wanted to

好吧，如果他想

be alone so much I

獨自一人，所以我

guess he needed to

我想他需要

be invisible, so I'll

不見了，所以我就

say a) to remind

說："提醒

him to hide his tent.

他要把帳篷藏起來。

OK, Rob, we'll find out

好的，羅伯，我們會發現的

the answer later.

答案稍後揭曉。

Christopher Wright

Christopher Wright

may be an extreme

可能是一個極端

example of someone

某人的例子

seeking solitude, but

尋求孤獨，但

there are many other

還有許多其他

motivations for

的動機

becoming a hermit.

成為一個隱士。

Some people are

有些人是

looking for peace and

尋找和平和

silence, and for others

沉默，而對於其他人

it's about being closer

這是關於更接近

to God, focusing on

對上帝，專注於

what's inside and

裡面有什麼和

finding a sense of joy.

找到一種快樂的感覺。

Meng Hu is a former

孟虎是一名前

librarian who now runs

現在運行的圖書館員

a website all about

一個有關的網站

hermits. He says that

隱士。他說

in ancient times, many

在古代，許多

Chinese hermits seeking

中國的隱士們在尋找

solitude were followers of

孤獨的信徒們

the philosopher, Confucius.

哲學家，孔子。

Here's Meng Hu talking

下面是孟虎的談話

about Confucius to BBC

向BBC介紹孔子

World Service programme,

世界服務方案。

The Why Factor:

為什麼的因素。

His dictum was

他的口號是

something like, 'When

諸如："當

the Emperor is good,

皇帝是好的。

serve. When the

發球。當

Emperor is evil, recluse'.

皇帝是邪惡的，遁世者'。

And so over a

是以，在一個

thousand years at least

至少千年來

there were a lot of

有很多的

recluses, a lot of

隱居者，很多

educated men who

受過教育的人，他們

simply couldn't

根本不可能

tolerate any more

再也無法忍受

evil - they simply

邪惡--他們只是

dropped out and

輟學和

they would migrate

他們會遷徙

to small villages,

到小村莊。

to farms.

到農場。

Meng Hu mentions

孟虎提到

Confucius's dictum. A

孔子的箴言。A

dictum is a short

箴言是一個簡短的

statement or saying

聲明或說法

which expresses some

其中表達了一些

wise advice or a

明智的建議或一個

general truth about life.

關於生活的一般真理。

Confucius's dictum

孔子的箴言

advised that when

建議當

the Emperor was evil,

皇帝是邪惡的。

people should become

人們應該成為

recluses - people, like

隱士--人，如

hermits, who live alone

隱士，獨居者

and avoid contact

並避免接觸

with others.

與其他人。

In the interview,

在採訪中。

Meng Hu uses 'recluse'

孟虎用 "隱居 "一詞

as a verb - to recluse -

作為動詞--隱居--的意思

but this is very

但這是非常

uncommon. A more

不常見的。一個更

modern way of saying

現代說法

this is, to drop out -

這就是，輟學 --

to reject the normal

來拒絕正常的

ways society works

社會運作方式

and live outside

並住在外面

the system.

該系統。

A bit like the hippies

有點像嬉皮士

in the 1960s, you mean?

在1960年代，你是說？

Right. Although most

對。雖然大多數

hippies weren't looking

嬉皮士不看

for isolation, they did

隔離，他們做到了

have something in

有東西在

common with hermits -

與隱士共同的 -

the desire to challenge

挑戰的慾望

society's rules

社會的規則

and conventions.

和公約。

Someone who

某個人

combines the hippie

結合了嬉皮士的

and the hermit is

和隱士是

Catholic writer, Sara

天主教作家，薩拉

Maitland. Part of a

麥特蘭。屬於一個

long tradition of

悠久的傳統

Christian hermits, Sara

基督教隱士, 薩拉

spent forty days and

花了四十天和

nights alone on the Isle

獨自在島上的夜晚

of Skye, seeking God in

在斯凱島尋求上帝

the silence of the

寂靜的

remote Scottish island.

遙遠的蘇格蘭島。

For her, the magic of

對她來說，神奇的

silence is something to

沉默是一種東西

be embraced and

被接受和

taught to children.

教給孩子們。

Here she explains

在此，她解釋說

more to BBC World

更多關於BBC世界的資訊

Service's, The Why Factor:

服務"，"為什麼因素"。

Most people first

大多數人首先

encounter silence in

遭遇沉默

bereavement, in

喪親之痛，在

relationship breakdown

關係破裂

and in death and that

而在死亡和那

seems to be about

似乎是關於

the worst place to

最差的地方

start. People say,

開始。人們說。

'But what should we do?'

'但我們應該怎麼做？

Never, ever use 'Go to

永遠不要使用 "轉到