And I in Toronto can even order these whittle THC drinks delivered to my front door from the Canadian government.

現在，我在多倫多甚至可以從加拿大政府訂購這些有THC的飲料，並將它們送到我家門口。

Thanks, Justin.

謝謝你，賈斯丁。

Weed is being pitched to us as kind of amazing, right?

我們被宣傳大麻是一種驚人的東西，對吧？

Well, the recent survey found that 4.3% of Americans have tried to quit marijuana at least six times and failed.

然而，最近的調查發現，有4.3%的美國人試圖戒掉大麻至少六次並失敗。

Plus now withdrawal symptoms are being fully understood.

而且現在對戒斷症狀的了解已經徹底。

So today we are going to explain exactly what happens to your body when you try to quit weed.

所以今天我們要解釋的正是當你嘗試戒掉大麻時，你的身體會發生什麼。

Day 1 to 2 of quitting is when withdrawal symptoms start.

戒大麻第1到2天時，戒斷症狀就開始了。

A meta-analysis of over 23,000 people found that 47% had at least three of the following withdrawal symptoms,

一項對超過23,000人的分析發現，47%的人至少有三種以下的戒斷症狀，

nausea, headaches, depressed mood, difficulty getting to sleep, sweating, anger, nervousness, decreased appetite and strange dreams.

噁心、頭痛、情緒低落、難以入睡、出汗、憤怒、焦慮、食慾減少和奇異的夢。

Ding.

叮。

Now the risk of withdrawal symptoms is proportional to the amount of marijuana you've been consuming.

戒斷症狀的風險與你消耗的大麻量成正比。

For example, someone who consumed marijuana three times a week would likely have less withdrawal symptoms than someone who consumed marijuana every day.

例如，一周使用三次大麻的人可能比每天使用大麻的人更少戒斷症狀。

Day three of quitting is an irritability and anxiety peak. Thankfully, they begin to dissipate in the coming days.

戒大麻第三天是焦慮和焦慮達到頂峰的時候。幸運的是，它們會在接下來的幾天內逐漸消失。

But on the other hand, the strange dreams and difficulty getting to sleep only begin to increase on day three.

但另一方面，奇異的夢和難以入睡的困擾則在第三天開始增加。

This information has led to new research suggesting that chronic cannabis users may induce intrinsic sleep problems.

這些資訊促使新的研究表明，慣常使用大麻的人可能會引起固有的睡眠問題。

Around day four of quitting is when the amazing physiological changes in your brain start to occur.

戒斷的第四天是你的大腦開始發生驚人的生理變化的時候。

Marijuana contains molecules which mimic natural neurotransmitters that are already in your brain called cannabinoids.

大麻中含有模仿你大腦中已經存在的天然神經遞質的分子，稱為大麻素。

At baseline, cannabinoids circulate at lower quantities in your body.

基線時，大麻素在你的身體中循環的量較低。

But when you ingest marijuana, you create an influx of cannabinoids into your system, most specifically an increase in the psychoactive component, THC, aka delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol,

但是當你攝入大麻時，你的體內就會湧入大量的大麻素，尤其是一種名為THC的致幻成分，又名 Delta-9四氫大麻酚，

which is what I like to call it, THC is for noobs. When I see someone with an edible I say, "How much delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol you got in there, bud?"

我喜歡這麼稱呼它，THC 是為菜鳥準備的。 當我看到有人拿著可食用大麻時，我會說：「兄弟，你裡面放了多少 Delta-9四氫大麻酚？」

The THC you've consumed while getting stone resembles the natural neurotransmitter and anandamide and creates increased neuronal activity in certain parts of your brain which cause thoughts, imagination and perception to magnify.

當你攝入THC時，它就像天然神經遞質和阿南胺一樣，並在你大腦的某些部分引起神經活動的增加，進而使思想、想像和知覺放大。

The THC binding to your neurons also affects dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the body which can lead to euphoria, pain, modulation and anxiety.

THC 與神經元的結合也會影響體內的多巴胺和去甲腎上腺素水平，從而導致欣快感、疼痛、調節和焦慮。

But the thing is as you continue to consume weed, it becomes harder to quit.

但問題是當你繼續吸食大麻時，就很難戒掉。

You start to create a desensitization and down regulation of your endo cannabinoid receptors, specifically the CB1 receptor.

你開始對內源性大麻素受體（特別是 CB1 受體）進行脫敏和下調。

Since this receptor modulates systems of short-term memory, increased cannabis use means a decrease in short-term memory.

由於這種受體調節短期記憶系統，大麻的增加使用導致短期記憶減少。

THC also affects neurons involved in the experience of novelty.

THC 還影響與新奇體驗有關的神經元。

When THC binds specific neurons, the influx creates an exciting sense of novelty even for mundane repetitive tasks, like washing dishes.

當 THC 結合特定的神經元時，這種湧入會在平凡的重複性任務中產生令人興奮的新奇感，比如洗碗。

It's why you might get stoned and walk down your same street and feel like everything is heightened.

這就是為什麼你可能會感到迷茫，走在同一條街上，感覺一切都被放大。

It's like, "Wow is everything in bloom?" It's the middle of winter.

就像：「哇，一切都開花了嗎？」但其實現在是冬天。

But regular cannabis use leads to the down regulation of these same neurons, making it harder to quit and making it harder to feel the bliss of a new experience while sober.

但經常吸食大麻會導致這些神經元的下調，讓人更難戒菸，也更難在清醒時感受到新體驗的幸福。

After too much weed, you might go to paris for the first time and see the Eiffel Tower and be like, "Is it a lighthouse? Oh, it's pointless."

在吸了太多大麻之後，你可能第一次去巴黎，看到艾菲爾鐵塔，然後想：「這是燈塔嗎？哦，這毫無意義。」

Okay, cool.

好吧，酷。

Shall we go up now?

我們現在要上去嗎？

Let's not go up, we should just go home.

我們不要上去了，我們還是回家吧。

But thankfully on day four of quitting marijuana, the CB1 cannabinoid receptors will likely have returned to normal functioning.

但值得慶幸的是，在戒除大麻的第四天，CB1 大麻素受體可能會恢復正常功能。

Essentially, it only takes around four days of quitting marijuana for the neuronal changes in your brain to go back to baseline.

戒除大麻只需要四天左右，大腦的神經元變化就會回到基線。

Now, this is new research and I think it is important that we continue to study this, especially as the popularity of weed skyrockets.

這是新的研究，我認為我們繼續研究這個是很重要的，特別是隨著大麻的普及率的飆升。

We need lots of long-term evidence about how this could be affecting our brains.

我們需要大量的長期證據來證明這如何影響我們的大腦。

I am focusing on how the THC affects the systems in your body, how you get that THC into you might involve smoking and the act of smoking could have lasting effects on your lungs.

我的重點是 TH C如何影響你身體的系統，你如何讓 THC 進入你可能涉及吸菸和吸菸行為可能對你的肺部產生持久的影響。

But there is actually a specific way that the THC in your system can have longer impacts on your neurology in your brain.

但實際上有一種特殊的方式，就是你體內的 THC 可以對你的大腦神經系統產生較長時間的影響。

If you consume too much marijuana during development, such as an adolescence, you can create long-term neuro physiological effects.

如果在發育期，比如青春期，攝入過多的大麻，會造成長期的神經生理影響。

So yeah, I started smoking weed in grade 10, which by definition is adolescents, so whoopsy!

所以，是的，我從 10 年級開始抽大麻，根據定義，這是青少年，所以糟了。

As a closeted gay kid in a high school with no other gay kids, I was sort of drawn to that stoner, skater crowd because to be honest, they were the most fashionable.

作為一個在高中沒有出櫃的同性戀孩子，身邊沒有其他同性戀孩子，我有點被那些吸毒、溜滑板的人所吸引，因為說實話，他們是最時尚的。

I also always had this gay voice.

我的聲音一直都這樣甲甲的。

So when people come up to me and be like, "You're gay," I'd be like, "Actually no, I'm sort of like a quirky, cool, like skater bro."

所以當人們對我說：「你是同性戀」時，我會說，「其實不是，我有點像一個古怪、酷酷、溜滑板的兄弟。」

An Avril Lavigne but a boy. Get it?

男版艾薇兒·拉維尼。懂嗎？

As a queer kid, weirdly weed was an asset for me.

身為一個酷兒，奇怪的是大麻對我來說是一種資產。

But all those reasons aside, scientific evidence now suggests that I could have been doing long-term damage to my neurophysiology.

但拋開這些原因不談，現在的科學證據表明，我可能對我的神經生理造成了長期的損害。

So was it worth it because when it comes to marijuana's lasting neuronal effects, the age of your brain matters.

所以值得嗎，因為說到大麻對神經元的持久影響，你的大腦年齡很重要。

Okay, but back to day 5 to 7 of quitting weed, a recent study found most people who tried to quit marijuana would fail on days 5 to 7.

但回到的戒除大麻的第 5 至 7 天，最近的一項研究發現，大多數試圖戒除大麻的人都會在第 5 至 7 天失敗。

And it was hardest for people who were dependent on marijuana.

對於那些依賴大麻的人來說，這是最困難的。

Marijuana dependence can be defined as someone who has consumed weed daily for 10 years and has attempted to quit numerous times, but not made it past day seven.

大麻依賴可以定義為一個人連續 10 年每天吸食大麻，並多次嘗試戒除，但沒有稱過第七天。

It can also be defined by a continued use of marijuana despite social psychological and physical impairments.

它也可以被定義為儘管存在社會心理和身體障礙，但仍繼續使用大麻。

It should be noted that although many scientists agree that marijuana dependence does exist, they also agree that dependence on marijuana is less severe than dependence on alcohol, cocaine or opiates.

需要指出的是，雖然許多科學家都同意大麻依賴確實存在，但他們也同意對大麻的依賴不如對酒精、古柯鹼或鴉片類藥物的依賴嚴重。

But for marijuana days 5-7 are important days to focus on when trying to quit as statistically, they are the biggest hurdle.

但對於大麻來說，5-7天是嘗試戒大麻時需要重點關注的重要日子，因為據統計，這幾天是最大的障礙。

I mean, I feel this.

我的意思是，我懂。

I still consume weed. Yes, it's been decades, thankfully not daily, but I do wonder if I'm dependent.

我仍然吸食大麻。 是的，已經幾十年了，幸好不是每天都有，但我確實想知道我是否有依賴性。

And it is on day 5 to 7 where I usually find myself ordering a little edible from the gov gov and taking my Just Dance skills to the next level.

在第 5 到 7 天，我通常會從政府訂購一些食物，並將我的《舞力全開》技能提升到一個新的水平。

It's also honestly because the weekend comes and I want to watch a movie stoned.

說實話，也是因為週末來了，我想吸嗨了看一部電影。

To be honest, in my adult years, I don't know if I've ever entered a movie theater not stoned.

說實話，在我成年之後，我不知道有沒有哪一次走進電影院時沒有吸嗨過。

For me, movie theaters represent the munchies and spending about $79,000 on their largest popcorn, also getting chocolate to pour into the popcorn, then the gummies to eat to take the popcorn out of my teeth while I'm eating the popcorn and also nachos with an extra fake cheese.

對我來說，電影院代表了零食，花費大約79,000 美元購買最大的爆米花，還把巧克力倒入爆米花中，然後吃軟糖，以便在我吃爆米花和玉米片時把爆米花從牙齒上取下來。額外的假奶酪。

So I have enough fake cheese to kill a small horse.

所以我有足夠的假奶酪，可以殺死一匹小馬。

But finally, if you make it to day 28 of no weed all withdrawal symptoms disappear.

但最後，如果你堅持戒除大麻到第 28 天，所有戒斷症狀都會消失。

Your affected endocannabinoid system and CB1 receptors will return to baseline. And you might be able to understand a movie.

你受影響的內分泌系統和CB1 受體將恢復到基線，你可能就會看懂一部電影。

So I'm not saying that you just have to go out there and quit weed right now, for example, that's not what I'm planning to do.

所以我並不是說你現在就得戒掉大麻，比如說，我就不打算這麼做。

But I think it's really important to understand what will happen to you if you do decide to quit.

但我認為，瞭解如果你決定戒大麻會發生什麼，真的很重要。

Life is hard and I do think that education and learning is what allows you to make the best choices for you.

生活是艱辛的，我確實認為，教育和學習才能讓你做出最適合自己的選擇。

And I think science shows us that quitting weed isn't as easy as we might think it is.

而且我認為科學告訴我們，戒大麻並不像我們想象的那麼容易。

You can click a link to our podcast where we discuss more about the science of quitting weed, make sure you're subscribed and we'll see you next week for a new science video piece.

你可以點擊連結到我們的播客，在那裡我們討論更多關於戒除大麻的科學，請確保你訂閱，下週我們會看到你的新科學影片作品。