Name: 拜登上任百日政績、NASA太空梭計劃40週年、駱駝專用紅綠燈｜2021年4月13日 (The 100-Day Milestone | April 13, 2021)
Uploaded: 2021-04-19T21:01:30.000Z
Duration: 10 min

Welcome, everyone, to CNN 10, I'm Carl Azuz.

歡迎大家來到 CNN10，我是  Carl Azuz.。

程度副詞

We're starting with a report on a US milestone—a measurement, really—known as the first 100 days.

我們從一份關於美國里程碑的報告開始，這是一個衡量標準，實際上是被稱為前100天。

What has the new US leader done and not done in just over three months after inauguration day—April 30th will mark 100 days in office for President Joe Biden.

就任總統後的三個月以來，這位新任美國領導人有做還有沒做哪些事，而 4 月 30 日將是拜登總統任職的第 100 天。

By day seven, the new leader had signed dozens of executive orders, new directives from the executive branch.

到了上任的第七天，新領導人已經簽署了幾十份的行政命令，來自行政部門的新指令。

Many of President Biden's orders aimed to unravel the policies of his predecessor, former President Donald Trump—and many of his orders went against the policies of his predecessor, former President Barack Obama—so you can see how these can swing back and forth.

拜登總統的許多命令旨在解除前總統川普的政策，而他的許多命令與前前總統歐巴馬的政策背道而馳，因此可以看到這些政策搖擺不定。

On his 51st day, President Biden signed a new stimulus package, a 1.9-trillion-dollar spending bill intended to ease the financial problems related to coronavirus.

在他上任的第 51 天，拜登總統簽署了一項新的紓困計劃，這是一項 1.9 兆美元的支出法案，旨在緩解與冠狀病毒有關的金融問題。

The law had passed in the Democratic-controlled Congress on the Democratic President's 50th day, but it received no support from congressional Republicans.

該法在民主黨控制的國會中於民主黨總統上任的第 50 天通過，但沒有得到國會共和黨員的支持。

Another goal the president had was for 100 million Americans to get at least one dose of coronavirus vaccine by his 100th day.

總統的另一個目標是讓 1 百萬名美國人在他上任的第 100 天之前至少接種一劑冠狀病毒疫苗。

Critics said that goal wasn't ambitious, that the nation was on track to do that anyway.

評論家表示，這個目標並不雄心勃勃，反正國家已經走上了正軌。

And it happened on President Biden's 58th day.

而這發生在拜登總統上任的第 58 天。

But shortly before that, the US Leader announced he'd increase his goal to 200 million doses by his 100th day.

但不久前，美國領導人宣佈他將在上任的第 100 天之前把目標提高到 2 百萬。

We don't know yet if that will be reached, but this is just a sampling of this particular president's actions.

我們尚未知道這是否會達成，但這只是這位講究的總統所採取行動的樣本。

CNN 10 contributor Rachel Jan Fossa looks at the history of the 100-day Milestone.

CNN 10 特約記者 Rachel Jan Fossa 回顧上任百日的里程碑。

Historically, the first 100 days of a new president's administration are significant, Carl.

從歷史上看，新總統執政的頭 100 天意義重大，Carl。

The term, the first 100 days dates back to President Franklin Delano Roosevelt—you might know him as FDR.

頭 100 天，這個用詞可以追溯到富蘭克林羅斯福總統時期，又稱作 FDR。

He signed 15 bills into law during his first 100 days in office.

他在上任後的頭 100 天內簽署了 15 項法案。

Since then, presidents have been judged—perhaps unfairly—by what they accomplished during the same period

此後，人們就對他們在同樣時間內的成就來評判一位總統，但這或許是不公正的。

When FDR took office in 1933, he faced the Great Depression, a time of major economic crisis—unemployment had reached an estimated 25%.

1933 年 FDR 上任時，面臨著大蕭條，這是一個重大的經濟危機時期，失業率估計達到了 25%。

During his first 100 days in office, FDR worked with Congress to roll out the "New Deal", an aggressive policy agenda that set out to get the country back on track.

在他上任的頭 100 天裡， FDR 與國會合作推出了新政策，一個積極的政策議程，旨在使國家重回正軌。

The newly-elected Democratic majority in Congress was eager to help pass the new president's legislation.

國會中新當選的民主黨多數派急於幫助通過新總統的立法。

FDR signed 15 major bills into law during his 1st 100 days, including the Emergency Banking Relief Act, the Public Works Administration, the Civilian Conservation Corps, the Tennessee Valley Authority, the National Industrial Recovery Act, and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.

富蘭克林在他的頭 100 天裡簽署了 15 項主要法案，包括《緊急銀行法》、《公共工程管理局》、《平民保育團》、《田納西河谷管理局》、《全國工業復興法》和《聯邦存款保險公司》。

Since then, the first few months of a new administration have provided a glimpse into the president's governing style and set the tone for what the Commander-in-Chief hopes to accomplish.

自那時起，新政府的頭幾個月就能看到總統的執政風格，並為總司令希望實現的目標定下了基礎。

Ronald Reagan, who was shot in the chest on his 69th day in office, signed his first bill into law from the George Washington University Hospital.

羅納德雷根在上任的第 69 天胸部中彈，他在喬治華盛頓大學醫院簽署了他的第一個法案。

And on the eve of his 100th day in office, he delivered an address to a joint session of Congress.

而在上任第 100 天的前夕，他在國會聯席會議上發表了講話。

George W. Bush marked the occasion by inviting all 535 members of Congress to the White House for lunch.

小布希總統上任頭 100 天的成就則是邀請所有 535 名國會議員到白宮共進午餐。

And on his 100th day in office, Barack Obama held a prime time news conference in the east room of the White House.

在他上任的第 100 天之際，歐巴馬在白宮東廳舉行了黃金時段的新聞發佈會。

But despite the tradition, Carl, some presidents have said that judging them on their first 100 days is unreasonable, as it doesn't give a new president enough time to accomplish their goals.

但儘管有這個傳統，一些總統表示以他們的頭 100 天來評判他們是不合理的，因為這沒有給新總統足夠的時間來完成他們的目標。

John F. Kennedy famously said that even the first 1000 days wouldn't be enough time either.

約翰甘迺迪說過，即使是頭 1000 天，時間也不夠用。

This Tuesday, an anniversary—yesterday marked exactly 40 years since Nasa's Space Shuttle Program got off the ground.

本週二是個周年紀念日——昨天恰逢 NASA (美國國家航空航天局) 的太空梭計劃啟動 40 週年。

Before the last flight landed in 2011, Nasa estimated the total cost of the program was $209 billion.

Nasa 估計，該計劃的總成本為 2 兆又 90 億美元。

And space history experts say there's been an endless debate over whether it was worth it, but it changed our view of space.

而太空史專家表示，關於它是否值得這個價錢的爭論一直不絕於耳，但它改變了我們對太空的看法。

Solid rocket propellant burns very rough.

固體火箭推進劑燃燒地非常猛烈。

You go from 3Gs to 0G instantaneously, and then it's this overwhelming view of the blackness of space.

從 3G 到 0G 只要一瞬間，而太空就是黑的這麼驚人。

Okay, I'm in orbit; I've got a lot of work to do.

好，我在軌道上了，我有很多工作要做。

Over 30 years, they flew on 135 missions, transporting 355 people and over 3 million pounds of cargo.

超過 30 年來，它們執行了 135 次任務，運送了 355 人和 300 多萬英鎊的貨物。

Part rocket, part orbiter, and part airplane, Nasa's space shuttle wasn't just the next step after Apollo, it was a giant leap in the way we understood and used space.

一部分是火箭，一部分是軌道器，一部分是飛機，NASA 的太空梭不僅僅是阿波羅號之後的下一步，它是我們理解和使用太空方式的一個大躍進。

The success of the Space Shuttle Program really goes back to that initial foundation, applying what you learn from the Apollo program in the X vehicle world and really taking it to the next level.

美國太空梭計劃的成功，其實還是要回到最初的基礎上，把從阿波羅計劃中學到的東西應用到 X 交通空句中，把它真正地提升到一個新的高度。

It promised routine access to space and a delivery system capable of building a space station.

它承諾對宇宙進行例行探查，並建立能夠建造空間站的運載系統。

Reusability was built into the space shuttle system.

可重複使用性是建立在太空梭系統中的。

A lot of the key design challenges were making that happen, making this system as light as possible, getting the orbiter just right.

很多關鍵的設計、挑戰都是為了實現這一點，讓這個系統儘可能的輕量化，讓軌道器正確定位。

The thermal protection system, all of the propulsion systems that were necessary, really, it was an incredible marvel of human engineering.

熱保護系統以及所有必要的推進系統，實際上，這是人類工程學中不可思議的奇蹟。

The design was perfected by 1981 and, on April 12, the world tuned in to watch Colombia launch.

1981 年設計完善，4 月 12 日，全世界都在收看於哥倫比亞的發射。

It had the trademark shuttle look, with two solid rocket boosters and a giant external fuel tank to supply the orbiter's three main engines.

它有標誌性的太空梭外觀，有兩個固體火箭助推器和一個巨大的外部燃料箱，以供應軌道器的三個主要引擎。

These propelled it to speeds of almost 18,000 miles per hour, fast enough to escape Earth's gravity and begin the shuttle era.

這些推動它的速度幾乎達到每小時 18000 英里，快到足以擺脫地球引力，並展開了太空梭時代。

Colombia was joined by Challenger, Discovery, Atlantis, and Endeavor.

加入哥倫比亞號的還有挑戰者號、發現號、亞特蘭提斯號和奮進號。

Operating at the edge of possibility, it didn't all go to plan.

因為在可能性的邊緣進行操作，事情並沒有全部按計劃進行。

Challenger, and later Columbia, suffered tragic fatal accidents.

挑戰者號和後來的哥倫比亞號都發生了慘烈的死亡事故。

But together, the shuttle fleet redefined our relationship with space.

但太空梭船隊一起重新定義了我們與太空的關係。

They served as orbiting science labs, launched, repaired, and upgraded satellites, including groundbreaking instruments like the Hubble Space Telescope.

它們充當了軌道科學實驗室，發射、維修和升級衛星，包括諸如哈勃太空望遠鏡這樣的突破性儀器。

When the Hubble Space Telescope first launched, it had a mirror problem, but the space shuttle was there to fix that.

當哈勃太空望遠鏡第一次發射時，它有一個鏡子的問題，但太空梭到那解決了問題。

It's an incredibly important achievement.

But the shuttle's most important achievement was building the International Space Station.

但太空梭最重要的成就是建造國際空間站。

It's just unbelievable that humans have built this incredible facility 250 miles up above the earth.

人類在地球上空 250 英里的地方建造了這個令人難以置信的設施，實在是不可思議。

Being part of the assembly—it certainly was an incredible highlight for all of us that participated in it.

身在這個大家庭，對於我們所有參與其中的人來說，這無疑是很精彩的。

It took a couple hundred spacewalks, lots of vehicles, lots of robotic activity to put it all together.

花了幾百次在太空行走、許多方法、大量的機器人行動，才把這一切整合在一起。

We can see the International Space Station—it's a wonderful accomplishment and we'll never forget the role the space shuttle played in its creation.

可以看到國際空間站是一個美好的成就，我們永遠不會忘記太空梭在其創建過程中的作用 。

In 2011, after a decade of work and over 30 shuttle launches, the ISS was complete, and what followed was the final space shuttle re-entry.

2011 年，經過 10 年的努力及 30 多次的太空梭發射， ISS (國際太空站) 已經完成，然後是最後的太空梭再次進入。

We had a nighttime entry, so you can see the plasma—that was pretty intense.

我們在晚上進入，所以你可以看到電漿，那是相當激烈的。

There was just so many thousands of people that had a hand in this vehicle.

有成千上萬個人經手過這個交通工具。

One of the greatest honors, certainly in my professional career, if not my entire life.

就算不是我的一生中，也無疑是我職業生涯中最大的榮譽之一。

There's a lot of emotion today, but one thing is indisputable: America is not gonna stop exploring.

這是很感慨的，但無可爭辯的是，美國不會停止探索。

It took close to a decade to reestablish astronaut launch capacity from US soil.

從美國的土地重建太空發射能力花了將近十年的時間。

But on May 30, 2020, Space X's Crew Dragon Demo II launched to the ISS.

但是在 2020 年 5 月 3 0日，Space X 的飛龍號向國際空間站發射。

I can't overstate how much work it was to get us back to that point.

我不能高估要讓我們回到太空需要付出多少努力。

It proved that private companies could continue the shuttle's legacy.

事實證明，私人公司可以延續太空梭的傳奇。

For NASA and space exploration, it frees up funding to develop these vehicles that will go beyond low earth orbit.

對於 NASA 和太空探索，它可以騰出資金來開發這些將超越低地球軌道的運載工具。

NASA hopes its Orion spacecraft will make lunar travel routine as part of the Artemis program that will eventually push onto Mars.

NASA 希望它的獵戶座太空船作為阿提米絲計劃的一部分，進行登月旅行，該計畫最終將前往火星。

Shuttle heritage parts will be used in the Artemis program.

太空梭遺留的零件將會運用在阿提米斯計畫中。

Where we've been and where we're going is so incredibly intertwined.

我們去過的地方和將要去的地方是如此緊密地交織在一起。

I would like the space shuttle to be remembered for what it is: an incredibly important piece in this larger evolutionary approach to humans in outer space.

我希望太空梭的本質能被記住，它是人類在外太空進化過程中非常重要的一環。

複雜、強大，及令人歎為觀止。

Three words to describe the shuttle: extremely capable vehicle.

用三個字來形容太空梭：功能強大的交通工具。

For 10 out of 10, it's a traffic light—for camels!

今日趣事，這是給駱駝用的紅綠燈！

Green means go, red means don't, but we wouldn't blame you if you were to ask, "Why, Carl? Why?"

綠色表示可以走，紅色表示不行，但我們不會怪你問說：「為什麼？Carl？為什麼？」

Well, this is stopping traffic—camel traffic—in northern China.

這是在停止駱駝的交通，位在中國北方。

There's a camel riding place there that's popular with tourists and that has led to confusion and camel-involved collisions.

那裡有一個騎駱駝的地方，很受遊客歡迎，這也導致了混亂和與駱駝間的碰撞。

So officials have created what they say is the first traffic signal for—you get it—camels.

所以官方創造了他們所說的第一個給駱駝的交通信號。

Now you might be wondering who "camel up" with the idea—were "cam elisions" becoming too dangerous increasing the threat of a "hoof and run"?

現在，你可能會想知道是誰想到這個點子，難道駱駝變成危險到會成為肇事逃逸的威脅嗎？（原文以動物作為雙關）

Were the animals spitting at others that cut them off, starting trouble right out of the gate?

這些動物是對別人吐口水讓牠們理智線斷掉，所以出了柵欄就開始鬧事嗎？

Of course, it will be the people leading the camels who actually stop and go at the signal—letting the animals do that themselves will be too "dromedary".

當然，真正會在信號燈下停停走走的是牽著駱駝的人，讓動物們自己去做就太戲劇化了。

Henderson County High School, we see you watching from Henderson Kentucky, we'll see you all tomorrow.

亨德森縣高中，我們看到你們從肯塔基州亨德森市收看，我們明天見。

字幕列表影片播放

拜登上任百日政績、NASA太空梭計劃40週年、駱駝專用紅綠燈｜2021年4月13日 (The 100-Day Milestone | April 13, 2021)

incredibly

incredible

depression

routine