Name: 奧利弗-坎貝爾。呼籲審查30年的謀殺定罪--BBC新聞之夜。 (Oliver Campbell: Calls to review 30-year-old murder conviction - BBC Newsnight)
Uploaded: 2021-03-18T18:35:42.000Z
Duration: 14 min 29 s

This interview is being tape recorded or in an interview room.

本次採訪正在錄音或在採訪室進行。

This is the actual police recording of Oliver Campbell's confession.

這是警方對奧利弗-坎貝爾供詞的真實錄音。

How long before the actual shooting that had you hired the gun come a couple of weeks old?

讓你僱了槍的實際槍擊事件多久前才來幾周？

Oliver Campbell is a 19 year old with a learning disability.

奧利弗-坎貝爾是一名19歲的學習障礙者。

He's accused of shooting a London shopkeeper dead in a robbery.

他被指控在一次搶劫中槍殺了一名倫敦店主。

Not exactly black and I can't done it yourself.

不完全是黑，我自己也做不到。

His lawyers say this confession was crucial at his trial.

他的律師說，這份供詞在他的審判中至關重要。

Convicted of murder, he spent 11 years in prison for a crime he says he didn't commit.

被判犯有謀殺罪，他說他沒有犯罪，卻在監獄裡呆了11年。

Can't prove this, but it's a strong suspicion that the police deliberately arranged matters so that they could conduct an interview in the absence of a solicitor.

不能證明這一點，但很懷疑警方故意安排事情，以便在沒有律師的情況下進行面談。

Then they grabbed the shopkeeper and shot him in the head.

然後，他們抓住店主，向他的頭部開槍。

On the 22nd of July 1992 men entered a shop in east London intent on robbery.

1992年7月22日，一些人進入倫敦東部的一家商店，意圖搶劫。

The owner, builder of handle, pressed the panic alarm.

業主，把手的建設者，按下了驚恐的警報。

One of the men pulled a gun and shot him at close range in the head.

其中一名男子拔出槍，近距離向他的頭部開槍。

當地男子奧利弗-坎貝爾是嫌疑人。

His distinctive cap was found near the crime scene.

他那頂與眾不同的帽子在犯罪現場附近被發現。

The man who shot the unfortunate Mr 100 dead was wearing a hat, which Oliver had bought only a week before the police when they realized that jump to the conclusion that he must have been the shooter is a simple conclusion.

射殺不幸的100先生死亡的人戴著一頂帽子，奧利弗在一週前才買了一頂帽子，當他們意識到，跳到他一定是槍手的結論是一個簡單的結論。

Oliver Campbell later said the cap had been stolen and hairs recovered inside was shown not to be his.

奧利弗-坎貝爾後來說，這頂帽子被偷了，裡面找到的毛髮顯示不是他的。

I know I didn't commit the crime trying to put other charges against Man.

我知道我沒有犯罪，想把其他罪名加在文哥身上。

I know if I was guilty, I'm not guilty of nothing.

我知道，如果我有罪，我也不會無罪。

And then they The prosecution relies on three main strands of evidence.

然後他們檢方主要依靠三方面的證據。

Apart from the confession, an eyewitness picked him out at an ID parade at the second attempt, he was friends with a man accused of the robbery, and his hat was found near the crime scene.

除了口供，在第二次未遂時，有目擊者在身份證巡遊時將其挑出，他與一名被控搶劫的男子是朋友，他的帽子也在案發現場附近被發現。

Campbell was convicted of the murder in 1991 losing an appeal Three years later.

坎貝爾在1991年被判謀殺罪，三年後上訴失敗。

18 years ago, the BBC's rough justice program raised serious questions about the conviction.

18年前，英國廣播公司（BBC）的粗暴司法節目提出了嚴重的定罪問題。

They demonstrated there was no forensic evidence linking over Campbell to the crime scene.

他們證明了沒有法醫證據能證明Campbell和犯罪現場有聯繫。

They discovered one of the robbers had told the police Campbell was not involved.

他們發現其中一個劫匪曾告訴警察坎貝爾沒有參與。

一個事實從來沒有透露給陪審團。

It had been ruled inadmissible, and they focused on Campbell's confession, obtained without a solicitor present.

它被裁定為不可接受，他們的重點是坎貝爾在沒有律師在場的情況下獲得的供詞。

His lawyers applied to the Criminal Cases Review Commission to try to get the case.

他的律師向刑事案件複查委員會提出申請，試圖讓案件。

The CCRC refused, arguing all the issues have been examined by a jury and the court of appeal.

CCRC拒絕了，認為所有的問題都已經過陪審團和上訴法院的審查。

I think they saw a lot of the individual trees.

我想他們看到了很多單獨的樹。

They saw the smoke and the elm and the ash and the pine, but they failed to see the wood.

他們看到了煙、榆、灰、松，卻沒有看到木頭。

They failed to see that all of that added up to a powerful case that there had been a miscarriage of justice.

他們沒有看到，所有這一切加起來就是一個強有力的案例，即存在誤判。

Some of the police interview tactics were later described by an independent psychologist as highly manipulative and relentless.

警方的一些面談策略後來被一位獨立的心理學家描述為高度的操縱性和無情。

This line of questioning lasted almost three minutes.

There are fingerprints on the can in the shop.

There are hairs in the hat that was found nearby.

帽子裡有毛髮，是在附近發現的。

We traced the senior officer who led the interviews at Hackney police Station.

我們追查了在哈克尼警察局上司面試的高級官員。

He told us the interviews with Oliver Campbell were tape recorded and conducted in accordance with the codes of practice issued under the Police and Criminal Evidence Act, which applied at that time today.

他告訴我們，與奧利弗-坎貝爾的面談是按照當時適用的《警察和刑事證據法》發佈的業務守則進行的，並進行了錄音。

His interviews would never be heard by a jury because of the unfairness of the police questioning, because I don't think that the prosecution could prove that he understood the implications of being interviewed without a solicitor.

他的面談永遠不會被陪審團聽到，因為警方的問話不公平，因為我認為控方無法證明他明白在沒有律師的情況下接受面談的意義。

It's the current law, unfair treatment that counts for any appeal.

這是現行法律，不公平的待遇，任何上訴都算。

But even in 1990 vulnerable suspects had to be interviewed with what's known as an appropriate adult to protect their interests.

但即使在1990年，弱勢的嫌疑人也必須與所謂的合適的成年人進行面談，以保護他們的利益。

There was no appropriate adult at his first interview at Plast, a police station in which he said he was at the shop on the night of the robbery and he waived his right to a solicitor.

他在警察局Plast的第一次面談時沒有合適的成年人，他說搶劫當晚他在店裡，他放棄了請律師的權利。

But in the interviews that followed at Hackney Police Station, conducted by two other detectives, an appropriate adult and a solicitor were there.

但在隨後在哈克尼警察局由另外兩名偵探進行的採訪中，一名合適的成年人和一名律師都在那裡。

The key confession came on the evening of the first of December 1990 that changed everything.

1990年12月1日晚的關鍵懺悔改變了一切。

An appropriate adult from social services have been attending police interviews earlier that day alongside an experienced and tough defense minister called Arthur Mallinger.

當天早些時候，一位來自社會服務機構的合適成年人一直和一位經驗豐富、作風強硬的國防部長亞瑟-馬林格一起參加警方的採訪。

This is the first time he's spoken about what happened that night.

這是他第一次說起那晚發生的事情。

The police did not have anything like sufficient evidence, probably even to I think they get a prosecution off the ground and conviction without something more, Um, and the more was going to be a confession.

警方沒有任何東西 像足夠的證據， 可能甚至我認為他們得到一個起訴 關閉地面和定罪 沒有更多的東西， 嗯，而更多的是 要供認。

Oliver Campbell sustained a brain injury as a baby.

奧利弗-坎貝爾在嬰兒時期腦部受傷。

Mr Mulliner says it was clear that his client would struggle to cope with complex questions.

Mulliner先生說，很明顯，他的客戶將難以應對複雜的問題。

He was inconsistent with what he told me, and I was his lawyer, such that I I felt I didn't think I could rely upon what he was telling me.

他跟我說的話前後不一致，而我是他的律師，所以我覺得我不能相信他跟我說的話。

Let him just discuss it with the police in that way.

Our thermal injure left Hackney police station at about 6:30 p.m. He says the police told him they had no plan for further interviews that night and had agreed to call him back.

我們的熱傷員在下午6:30左右離開了哈克尼警察局。 他說，警方告訴他，他們當晚沒有進一步採訪的計劃，並同意給他回電話。

The police say, Campbell suddenly decided to continue because he wanted to tell the truth.

警方說，坎貝爾突然決定繼續下去，因為他想說實話。

The officers should have telephoned me and said, I think Oliver wants to speak to me.

警官應該打電話給我說，我想奧利弗想和我談談。

Will you come over to be part of the interview?

And I would have said Yes, of course I have asked him.

我會說是的，當然我已經問過他了。

He's got an appropriate adult from social services.

他有一個合適的成年人從社會服務。

I don't know how the interview would have panned out, but it would have been undoubtedly a fair interview.

我不知道採訪的結果如何，但這無疑是一次公平的採訪。

Oliver Campbell told the police he was happy to go ahead without a solicitor.

奧利弗-坎貝爾告訴警方，他很樂意在沒有律師的情況下進行。

Back in 1998 Hackney Police Station, Oliver Campbell's solicitor and the appropriate adult from social services, had left for the evening.

早在1998年的哈克尼警察局，奧利弗-坎貝爾的律師和社會服務機構的適當成年人，已經離開了晚上。

The police decided to get his foster mother in my understanding of why I was there was just to be a support for him and, you know, uh, just support him in any way that I could.

警方決定讓他的養母在我的理解 為什麼我在那裡只是為了支持他，你知道，呃，只是支持他以任何方式，我可以。

She agreed to become the appropriate adult, and they rolled the tape again time by My watch now is eight.

她同意成為合適的成年人，他們又按我的手錶現在是八點的時間滾了一遍錄音帶。

哦，不要扣動扳機，巴克斯特。

I was the one like Putin that got on there, not showing.

我就是像普京一樣，上了那裡，不露面。

Oh, I was put under pressure after savings.