Name: 美國VS加拿大｜醫學院與成為醫生 (United States vs Canada | Medical School & Becoming a Doctor)
Uploaded: 2021-03-13T20:20:43.000Z
Duration: 13 min 3 s

程度副詞

Medical training is strenuous anywhere in the world, but it certainly does not work the same way in every country between becoming a fully trained doctor in Canada or the U.

世界上任何地方的醫學訓練都是艱苦的，但在加拿大或美國成為一名訓練有素的醫生之間，每個國家的工作方式肯定不一樣。

Which path is harder, longer or more expensive.

Let's break it down one category at a time.

Doctor job, all medical insiders dot com If you want to become a fully trained physician in either Canada or the United States, there are at least three stages you must go through.

醫生工作，全醫內參網 如果你想在加拿大或美國成為一名訓練有素的醫生，至少要經歷三個階段。

In both cases, the first one is pre men done in university or college.

在這兩種情況下，第一種是在大學或大學裡做的預男子。

That's when students learn basic sciences like biology, genetics and chemistry.

這時，學生要學習生物、遺傳學和化學等基礎科學。

The second stage is medical school itself, which is generally divided into pre clinical and clinical years.

第二個階段是醫學院本身，一般分為臨床前和臨床年限。

And finally there is residency, which is when newly minted doctors, specialists and work towards their board certification.

最後是住院醫師，也就是新進的醫生、專家，向著董事會認證努力。

You'll start as a pre med in college or university in both Canada and the US, American medical schools require a bachelor's degree prior to matriculating, which generally takes at least four years.

在加拿大和美國，你都會從大專或大學的醫學預科開始，美國的醫學院要求在預科之前獲得學士學位，一般至少需要4年。

The good news is you can major in whatever you want, as long as you fulfill the prerequisite requirements such as biology, chemistry, physics and the like.

好消息是，只要你滿足生物、化學、物理等先決條件，你想學什麼專業都可以。

Technically, Canadian medical schools allow you to enter medical school without a bachelor's degree.

從技術上講，加拿大的醫學院允許你在沒有學士學位的情況下進入醫學院。

However, most students do complete all four years and get a bachelor's degree prior to matriculating to medical school.

然而，大多數學生確實完成了所有四年的學習，並在預科進入醫學院之前獲得了學士學位。

Unlike their American counterparts, Canadian pre meds are not required to complete the same two year set of prerequisite courses.

與美國同行不同的是，加拿大的醫學預科不需要完成同樣的兩年一套的先修課程。

The University of Ottawa requires organic chemistry, for example.

比如渥太華大學要求有機化學。

But Queens University has no prerequisites.

S, you can major in any subject you'd like.

S，你可以主修任何你想學的科目。

Tuition cost also varies between these two countries, and that's mostly because Canada heavily subsidizes higher education.

這兩個國家的學費也是不一樣的，這主要是因為加拿大對高等教育有很大的補貼。

Public medical school, tuition averages nearly $37,000 per year, whereas private medical schools average at $58,000 per year.

公立醫學院，學費平均每年近3.7萬元，而私立醫學院平均在5.8萬元/年。

That's before living expenses, which are highly variable and based on the city you're living in.

這還沒算上生活費，生活費的變化很大，根據你所在的城市而定。

In Canada, the costs are quite different.

在加拿大，費用是完全不同的。

The average tuition is around $13,000 for Canadian students and $23,000 if you're international.

加拿大學生的平均學費在13000元左右，如果是國際學生，平均學費在23000元左右。

Completing your pre med requirements doesn't guarantee admission to medical school.

完成醫學預科要求並不能保證進入醫學院。

You still have to face the M cat and a competitive admission process.

你還是要面對M貓和競爭激烈的錄取過程。

Getting into medical school in Canada is considered more competitive compared to getting into medical school in the U.

與進入美國的醫學院相比，進入加拿大的醫學院被認為更具競爭力。

Based on average SAT scores and admission rates.

The Medical College Admission Test, or M Cat, is the standardized exam for both Canadian and American students applying to medical school.

醫學院入學考試，簡稱M貓，是加拿大和美國學生申請醫學院的標準化考試。

All those students from both countries take the same test.

所有這些來自兩個國家的學生都要參加同樣的考試。

There are some key differences you should be aware of.

有一些關鍵的區別你應該注意。

First Canadian Schools Way M Cat section scores differently than their U.

加拿大第一學校方式M貓部分的分數與他們的U.S.不同。

Schools give each section approximately equal weighting, although there is some variation between programs.

學校給予每個部分的權重大致相等，不過不同項目之間有一定的差異。

However, in Canada, MK assessment varies significantly by program.

然而，在加拿大，MK評估因項目不同而有很大差異。

The critical analysis and reasoning section of the M Cat, also known as cars, is generally more heavily weighted.

M貓的批判性分析和推理部分，也就是汽車，一般佔的比重比較大。

The University of Toronto has an M cat cut off such that if you're above a 1 25 in each section, with one section allowed a 1 20 for your M cat isn't evaluated competitively at McMaster.

多倫多大學有一個M貓的切入點，如果你每一節都在1 25以上，有一節允許你的M貓是1 20，在麥克馬斯特大學是沒有競爭性評估的。

The M cat accounts for 32% of your final admissions decision, and the only section they look at is cars.

M貓佔你最後錄取決定的32%，他們看的唯一部分是汽車。

Queens looks at all sections, while Ottawa doesn't use the M cat as an evaluation criterion at Western.

皇后區看的是所有部分，而渥太華在西區不以M貓作為評價標準。

They evaluate all sections with different cutoffs each year and cars generally having the hardest cut off.

他們對所有的路段進行評估，每年的截止日期都不一樣，汽車一般都有最難的截止日期。

Second Canadian Medical School matriculate have a slightly higher average M cat score.

加拿大第二醫學院預科生的M貓平均分略高。

In 2019, The Mean M Cat score from matriculate in the U.

2019年，M貓的平均分從預科到U。

11.2, compared to 5 12.54 Canadian students.

The competitive process for medical school admissions doesn't end with the M cat.

醫學院錄取的競爭過程並沒有因為M貓而結束。

Comparing admission rates highlights the fact that competition is fierce in Canada.

比較錄取率，凸顯了加拿大競爭激烈的事實。

Recently, approximately 53,000 students applied to 22,000 medical school seats in the U.

近日，約有5.3萬名學生申請了美國2.2萬個醫學院名額。

In comparison, about 14,500 students applied to 2500 Canadian medical school positions.

相比之下，約有14500名學生申請了2500個加拿大醫學院的職位。

That results in 5.65 applicants per seat in Canada versus 2.38 in the US This may seem strange, after all, is in Canada short on doctors?

這樣一來，加拿大每個名額的申請者為5.65人，而美國為2.38人，這看起來似乎很奇怪，畢竟在加拿大是否缺少醫生？

Shouldn't more applicants be able to gain admission and ultimately help fill the gap?

是不是應該讓更多的申請者獲得錄取，最終幫助填補空缺？

While Canada presents the 19th highest GDP per capita globally, it only ranks 76th on physicians density.

雖然加拿大的人均GDP在全球排名第19位，但在醫生密度上僅排名第76位。

Canada has relatively fewer doctors than countries like Uzbekistan and Jordan.

與烏茲別克斯坦、約旦等國家相比，加拿大的醫生相對較少。

When speaking with my Canadian colleagues about these issues.

在與我的加拿大同事談及這些問題時。

Two hypotheses arose to explain this phenomenon.

為了解釋這一現象，產生了兩個假說。

The first and more politically correct one is that there are simply not enough financial resources.

第一種，也是比較政治正確的一種，就是財力根本不夠。

Canadian higher education is highly subsidized by the government, which obviously represents significant expenses.

加拿大的高等教育得到了政府的高度補貼，這顯然是一筆不小的開支。

The second possibility, which is just a theory, revolves around medical lobbyists in Canada.

第二種可能，這只是一種理論，圍繞著加拿大的醫療遊說者。

The idea being there is incentive to keep the supply of physicians low to maintain practicing doctors.

這個想法是有動機保持醫生的低供應量來維持執業醫生。

High pay Canadian medical schools give preferential treatment to students who are from the same province.

加拿大的高薪醫學院對同省的學生給予優待。

After all, these students are more likely to stay after graduating, thus serving the local population.

畢竟，這些學生畢業後更有可能留下來，從而為當地居民服務。

There are some exceptions in Ontario, where they treat all Canadians equally, meaning.

在安大略省有一些例外，他們對所有加拿大人一視同仁，也就是說。

If you live in Ontario, you may not get as much of a home province advantage.

如果你住在安大略省，你可能不會得到那麼多的主省優勢。

The University of British Columbia, for example, officially requires a greater minimum g p A.

比如英屬哥倫比亞大學，官方要求的最低g p A較大。

There are noteworthy differences and similarities between applying in the U.

在美國申請有值得注意的異同。

Except for nine medical schools, US universities use a common application system called the American Medical College Application Service, or AM casts the equivalent of AM cast to D O schools is the American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine Application Service, or double A commas.

除了9所醫學院外，美國大學使用的是一種通用的申請系統，叫做美國醫學院申請服務，簡稱AM投，相當於AM投給D O學校的是美國骨科醫學院申請服務，簡稱雙A逗號。

On the other hand, most Canadian medical schools use their own independent application systems, Ontario being the exception, all six Ontario medical schools use a common application system called the Ontario Medical Schools Application System, or O.

另一方面，加拿大大部分醫學院都使用自己獨立的申請系統，安大略省是個例外，安大略省的六所醫學院都使用一個共同的申請系統，叫做安大略省醫學院申請系統，簡稱O。

There is no, um, SAS equivalent for osteopathic medical schools, since Canada doesn't offer any D O programs.

沒有，嗯，SAS相當於骨科醫學院，因為加拿大沒有提供任何D O項目。

Although the exact systems differ between countries, the core of your application will be very similar in both America and Canada.

雖然不同國家的具體系統不同，但在美國和加拿大，你的應用核心將非常相似。

Programs seek a holistic understanding of an applicant rather than basing their competitiveness purely off scores.

計劃尋求對申請人的全面瞭解，而不是單純以分數作為競爭力的基礎。

While your M cat and G p A are important, The soft components of your application, such as letters of recommendation, personal statement, working activities and other factors, are important considerations.

雖然你的M貓和G p A很重要，但申請中的軟性部分，如推薦信、個人陳述、工作活動和其他因素，都是重要的考慮因素。

Casper, a video and text based application created at McMaster University, has increasingly become a larger component in assessing candidacy at several Canadian medical schools, and now some in the US are following suit.

Casper是麥克馬斯特大學創建的一個基於視頻和文本的應用程序，已經越來越多地成為加拿大幾所醫學院評估候選資格的一個較大的組成部分，現在美國的一些醫學院也在效仿。

And, of course, how you perform on the interview is critical in determining whether you'll receive an acceptance offer.

當然，你在面試中的表現也是決定你是否能收到錄取通知的關鍵。

What about life after medical school acceptance?

Medical schools operate similarly between the two countries at almost all schools the first two years.

兩國醫學院在前兩年幾乎所有學校的操作都差不多。

Our preclinical and the last two are clinical.

我們的臨床前和最後兩個是臨床。

In the first two years, or preclinical or pre clerkship years, you'll learn the foundational sciences of medicine like anatomy, physiology and the various organ systems.

在前兩年，或臨床前或實習前的幾年裡，你將學習醫學的基礎科學，如解剖學、生理學和各個器官系統。

These two years, emphasis is on understanding the physiology and path of physiology through textbooks and classroom didactic, since the latter half or clinical years is when you spend most of your time in a hospital or clinic instead of a classroom, these years are divided into rotations, each lasting between two and eight weeks.

這兩年，重點是通過課本和課堂講授來了解生理學和路徑，因為後半年或臨床年是你大部分時間是在醫院或診所而不是在課堂上度過的，所以這兩年分為輪轉，每個輪轉時間在2周和8周之間。

During each rotation, you'll be on a particular service, such as pediatrics or general surgery.

在每一次輪轉中，你都會從事某項服務，比如兒科或普通外科。

Your grades are based on an exam at the end of each rotation.

你的成績是基於每次輪換結束時的考試。

In addition to evaluations from your supervising physicians, most Canadian medical schools have passed failed for all four years of medical school in the US it's more common to have passed, failed during the preclinical years, but a graded system with honors, high pass, pass and fail during the clinical years, US medical students also have to face the dreaded US Emily Step one and Step two CK, while Canadian counterparts have nothing of the sort to worry aboot.

除了你的主管醫生的評價，加拿大醫學院大部分四年都有通過失敗的情況，在美國比較常見的是臨床前幾年有通過、失敗的情況，但臨床幾年有榮譽、高分通過、通過和失敗的分級制度，美國醫學生還得面對可怕的美國Emily Step one和Step two CK，而加拿大同行則沒有什麼好擔心的。

Instead, Canadian medical students take the MCC QE there us Emily Equivalent for licensing after they match.

相反，加拿大的醫學生在匹配後，參加MCC QE有我們艾米麗同等學力申辦執照。

This translates to a lower stress environment for the most part, amongst Canadian medical students.

這意味著加拿大醫學生的壓力大多較小。

They don't have to worry about getting honors in all their clinical rotations, like their American counterparts do.

他們不用像美國同行那樣，擔心在所有的臨床輪轉中獲得榮譽。

Instead, they simply need to excel in the rotation for which they are going to apply into the residency application process for US and Canadian students very starkly, primarily due to differences in medical school objective measurements in the U.

相反，他們只需要在他們要申請的輪轉中表現出色就可以了，進入美國和加拿大學生的住院醫師申請過程非常鮮明，主要是由於美國的醫學院客觀衡量標準不同。

Emily Step one is taken after the second year of medical school and has been the single most heavily weighted objective factor in residency matching.

艾米麗第一步是在醫學院第二年之後進行的，一直是住院醫師匹配中權重最高的一個客觀因素。

For that reason, it causes a great deal of stress and anxiety for many medical students.

為此，給很多醫學生帶來很大的壓力和焦慮。

In 2022 it's transitioning to pass fail, which will likely place greater emphasis on US.

2022年要過渡到合格不合格，這可能會更強調美國。

Emily Step two CK, which is generally taken after the third year of medical school in September of your final year of medical school.

艾米麗第二步CK，一般是在醫學院第三年的最後一年9月後考。