In a leaked letter to Afghan President Ashraf Ghani, US Secretary of State Antony Blinken outlined a series of steps to jumpstart the stalled peace process.

在一封洩露給阿富汗總統阿什拉夫-加尼的信中，美國國務卿安東尼-布林肯概述了一系列啟動陷入僵局的和平進程的步驟。

One of them was a U.

其中一個是U。

N backed conference of regional powers and stakeholders.

N支持的區域大國和利益攸關方會議。

We intend to ask the United Nations to convene foreign ministers and envoys from Russia, China, Pakistan, Iran, India and the United States to discuss a unified approach to supporting peace in Afghanistan.

我們打算請聯合國召集俄羅斯、中國、巴基斯坦、伊朗、印度和美國的外交部長和特使，討論支持阿富汗和平的統一辦法。

Now Afghanistan has a troubled history with its neighbors in a complex web of competing interests and proxy powers.

現在，阿富汗與其鄰國在複雜的利益競爭和代理權網絡中有著動盪的歷史。

But increasingly, India is a new focus for diplomatic efforts to broker a lasting peace.

但印度越來越成為外交努力促成持久和平的新焦點。

The US has made clear that it welcomes New Delhi's engagement.

美國已經明確表示，歡迎新德里的參與。

India has fostered close ties to the Afghan government in recent years in the form of billions of dollars in aid and development.

近年來，印度以數十億美元的援助和發展形式與阿富汗政府建立了密切的關係。

Last month, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi gave his support to a peace process that is led, owned and controlled by Afghanistan.

上個月，印度總理納倫德拉-莫迪支持由阿富汗上司、擁有和控制的和平進程。

Mhm and joining me now from Delhi for more is she Avijit Roy.

現在從德里來的是阿維吉特・羅伊，她將為我們帶來更多的資訊

He's an award winning journalist and reports on India's foreign relations for the Indian Express newspaper.

他是一位屢獲殊榮的記者，為《印度快報》報道印度的對外關係。

Shoot it Welcome.

拍攝它歡迎。

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi wants the peace process to be Afghan led and Afghan controlled, as does the U.

印度總理納倫德拉-莫迪希望和平進程由阿富汗主導、阿富汗控制，美國也是如此。

S.

S.

State Department.

國務院。

How does the current proposal from Antony Blinken involving six nations make it so well, uh, Beresh, You know, the the, uh, Indian position has always been that the Afghan peace process should be Afghan owned Afghan led and Afghan control and it also had, you know, about three or four red lines.

安東尼-布林肯目前提出的涉及六國的建議怎麼會這麼好，呃，貝雷什，你知道，印度的立場一直是，阿富汗的和平進程應該是阿富汗人擁有的，阿富汗人主導的，阿富汗人控制的，它也有，你知道，大約三四條紅線。

One being, uh, there should be a reduction in violence.

一個是，呃，應該減少暴力。

Women's rights should be respected and constitutional.

婦女的權利應該得到尊重和憲法規定。

Uh, you know, uh, principles should be observed now in that India is finally part of the negotiating table in, uh, in a point on the path towards peace in Afghanistan.

呃，你知道，呃，現在應該遵守的原則是，印度終於成為談判桌的一部分，呃，在阿富汗的和平道路上的一個點。

This has been a US led proposal which, which was revealed last week, uh, through a letter by the U.

這一直是美國主導的提案，上週通過美國的一封信透露了這一點。

S.

S.

Secretary of State and now, uh, India is expected to be finally be part of the table after being on the sidelines for almost a couple of decades now.

國務卿，而現在，呃，印度有望最終成為談判桌的一部分，在被邊緣化了近幾十年之後。

So what does India bring to the table?

那麼印度給我們帶來了什麼呢？

Uh, India has invested in Afghanistan in in its reconstruction and redevelopment.

呃，印度在阿富汗的重建和再發展中進行了投資。

Uh, you know, in a big way, in a major way in the last two decades since, uh, you know, 2000 and one after the 9 11 attacks.

呃，你知道，在一個大的方式， 在過去的二十年裡，一個主要的方式，因為， 呃，你知道，2000年和一個後9 11攻擊。

And, uh, it spent close to $3 billion in the reconstruction and redevelopment, and it has developed that constancy very carefully because, uh, you know, it essentially wants to counter Pakistan's influence in Afghanistan, which has been a problem for India.

而且，呃，它花費了近30億美元的重建和重建，它已經發展了非常謹慎的恆定，因為，呃，你知道，它本質上想對抗巴基斯坦在阿富汗的影響力，這一直是印度的一個問題。

From India's perspective, terrorism emanating out of Afghanistan and Pakistan and the cross border terrorism has been a major security challenge.

從印度的角度來看，來自阿富汗和巴基斯坦的恐怖主義以及跨界恐怖主義一直是一個重大的安全挑戰。

Uh, if you remember, about two or three decades back, when after the Afghan War uh, sort of, uh, ended the the elements, the terror elements from the from from the Afghan border, Afghan territory, they moved to Kashmir.

呃，如果你還記得，大約20或30年前， 當阿富汗戰爭後，呃，排序，呃，結束的元素， 恐怖元素從從阿富汗邊境， 阿富汗領土，他們移動到克什米爾。

So that has been a major security challenge for India.

所以，這一直是印度面臨的一大安全挑戰。

So India has has wanted that it should be involved in securing Afghanistan's peace and prosperity so that it is able to, uh, you know, have a say and not be on the sidelines.

是以，印度希望它應該參與確保阿富汗的和平與繁榮，以便它能夠，呃，你知道，有發言權，而不是旁觀。

You said India wanted to counter Pakistan's influence, but then India will find itself sitting at the talks table with Pakistan and with China to countries with whom relations haven't always been the best.

你說印度想反擊巴基斯坦的影響，但隨後印度會發現自己與巴基斯坦以及與中國的關係並不總是最好的國家坐在談判桌上。

Let's just put it that way.

我們就這麼說吧。

And you also have Russia, which has been a traditional Indian ally who is expected to be at the talk table but wasn't apparently too happy with India being part of this process.

你還有俄羅斯，它一直是印度的傳統盟友，預計將在會談桌上，但顯然不怎麼高興印度成為這個過程的一部分。

So I'm just wondering here, how do these six nations get together despite these nations having divergent interests?

所以我在這裡只是想知道，這六個國家雖然利益不同，但如何聚在一起？

Well, you've, you know, hit the name at the at the right spot, you know what has happened is, although the countries have expressed it's the position that it should be Afghan led, Afghan owned and Afghan control.

好吧，你知道，你已經，你知道，打的名字 在正確的位置，你知道發生了什麼事，雖然國家已經表達了它的立場，它應該是阿富汗上司，阿富汗擁有和阿富汗控制。

But all the processes have been led, controlled and, you know, owned by other players, other actors in the region.

但是，所有的進程都是由該地區的其他角色、其他行為者上司、控制和擁有的。

And that has been a major challenge for Afghanistan, uh, and the peace process.

這對阿富汗和和平進程來說是一個重大挑戰。

Now, if it have to take off all the regional players, whether they see eye to eye with each other, whether be it, India versus Pakistan or India versus China, Russia with us, all the countries have to have the stakes, have to have the skin in the game for the peace process to move forward in a pragmatic in a feasible manner.

現在，如果它必須讓所有的區域行為者脫身，不管他們是否彼此同意，不管是印度對巴基斯坦，還是印度對中國，俄羅斯對我們，所有的國家都必須有利害關係，必須在遊戲中扮演好角色，和平進程才能以一種務實可行的方式向前推進。

And that is the major challenge for this peace process, which has been fragile.

這也是這一和平進程面臨的主要挑戰，該進程一直很脆弱。

As you know, in the last year or so, that has been very evident.

如你所知，在過去的一年多時間裡，這種情況非常明顯。

Um, you speak to the people in the Afghan government as well.

嗯，你也跟阿富汗政府的人說說。

I wonder how Afghan government officials view the involvement of so many nations in a peace process that is meant to benefit them.

我不知道阿富汗政府官員如何看待這麼多國家參與到和平進程中來，而和平進程的目的是讓他們受益。

Yes, Uh, you're absolutely right.

是的，呃，你是絕對正確的。

Afghan government has always wanted it, uh, the peace process to be led by them.

阿富汗政府一直希望，呃，和平進程由他們主導。

But unfortunately, as the reality stand on the ground, uh, they are They are one, uh, entity of one player in the in the in the mix the Taliban and as well as the Americans having cut a deal last year.

但不幸的是，由於現實站在地面上， 呃，他們是一個，呃，實體的一個球員 在混合的塔利班以及美國人 有削減交易的去年。

Now, more, more countries than most stakeholders are now in the game.

現在，更多的，比大多數利益相關者更多的國家加入了遊戲。

And, uh, they see some D.

而且，呃，他們看到一些D。

C as not so benign influence.

C作為不那麼良性的影響。

And some the field can contribute to, uh, sort of a positive atmosphere for all the constitutional gains that they have acquired over the last two decades.

而一些領域可以促進，呃，排序的積極氣氛，所有的憲法收益，他們已經獲得了在過去二十年。

Should we destroy?

我們要不要銷燬？

We'll leave it there for the time being.

我們暫時先不談這個問題。