I was thinking, What if I unpack here?

我在想，如果我在這裡拆包呢？

Then all yourself would be here.

那麼自己都會在這裡。

Well, what if all my stuff was here, then you'd be going back and forth all the time.

好吧，如果我的東西都在這裡，那你就會一直來回跑。

I mean, yeah, doesn't make any sense.

我的意思是，是的，沒有任何意義。

What if we live together and you understand what I'm saying?

如果我們住在一起，你明白我的意思呢？

Discourse.

話語權。

Markers certainly are one of the most important aspects of fluent speech.

標記當然是流利說話最重要的環節之一。

Sure, they might just look like space fillers, but we actually use them to connect, manage and organize what we say.

當然，它們可能只是看起來像空間填充物，但我們實際上使用它們來連接、管理和組織我們所說的話。

They can convey subtle details and show the listener how to interpret what the speaker is saying.

它們可以傳達微妙的細節，並向聽眾展示如何解釋說話者所說的話。

Guess what?

你猜怎麼著？

Ben is going to be in a TV commercial.

本要上電視廣告。

What are you talking about?

你在說什麼？

Well, it's not for sure, but we met this guy in the park who thought Ben was really cute, You know which he is.

嗯，這是不確定的， 但我們遇到了這個傢伙在公園 誰認為本是真的很可愛， 你知道他是誰。

Anyway, he gave us his card and told us to bring him down for this commercial he's auditioning.

總之，他給了我們他的名片，讓我們帶他來參加這個廣告的試鏡。

Whoa!

哇！

This guy is like the biggest commercial casting director in town, then takes one lousy walk in the park and gets an audition.

這傢伙就像城裡最大的商業選角導演，然後在公園裡走一圈就能得到試鏡機會。

I mean, way to go bed.

我的意思是，去睡覺的方式。

They come in many shapes and forms.

它們有許多形狀和形式。

They can be words that you say when you need time to think of what to say.

它們可以是你在需要時間思考該說什麼的時候說的話。

Like, uh or, um Hey, man, what's up?

就像，呃，嗯，嘿，夥計，怎麼了？

Uhh.

呃...

How much you guys want to see a movie tonight?

你們今晚有多想看電影？

Sure.

當然可以

What you want to say?

你想說什麼？

I don't know Why not.

我不知道 為什麼不呢

How we can decide showing your game?

我們如何決定顯示你的遊戲？

No, thank you.

不，謝謝你。

Yeah, um isn't part of the grammar of a sentence, but it's definitely part of what you say.

是啊，嗯不是句子文法的一部分，但它絕對是你說的一部分。

So that's a discourse marker.

所以這就是一個話語權的標誌。

There are a lot of discourse, markers, and some of them aren't always explained in an explicit way.

有很多話語權、標記，有些話語權也不一定有明確的解釋。

Some of the most advanced English speakers, the Taino, have told me that this is something they've acquired or absorbed from being exposed to the language, not something they've, at least in most cases, consciously paid attention to.

一些英語水平最高的泰諾族人告訴我，這是他們從接觸語言中習得或吸收的，而不是他們至少在大多數情況下有意識地注意的。

In this lesson, our main goal is to help you to understand the importance of discourse, markers, and we'll look at different types whilst we will give you some definitions.

在本課中，我們的主要目標是幫助你瞭解話語、標記的重要性，我們將在給你一些定義的同時，看看不同的類型。

What's more important is that you read and try to interpret what you'll see.

更重要的是，你要讀懂並嘗試詮釋你會看到的東西。

By the way, in case you're new here, we help you to learn fast English without getting lost without missing the jokes and without subtitles.

對了，萬一你是新來的，我們幫你快速學習英語，不迷路不漏笑話，不打字幕。

Just like Murad, who says that he watches our lessons repeatedly because not only do they help his progress, but they are also extremely entertaining.

就像穆拉德一樣，他說他反覆觀看我們的課程，因為這些課程不僅有助於他的進步，而且非常有趣。

So don't forget to hit that subscribe button and the bell down below so that you don't miss a single one of our new lessons.

所以別忘了點擊訂閱按鈕和下面的鈴聲，這樣你就不會錯過我們的任何一節新課。

So first, let's see some examples of the most common discourse.

那麼首先，我們來看看一些最常見的話語的例子。

Markers.

標記：

Well, so look kind of like all right, you know, anyway, actually, now I mean, it's hard to think of a fluent speaker that doesn't use I mean or well, let's see some examples.

好了，所以看起來有點像所有的權利， 你知道，無論如何，其實，現在我的意思是，它是很難想到一個流利的揚聲器 不使用我的意思是，好了，讓我們來看看一些例子。

I mean, we are way past the fling thing.

我的意思是，我們是過去的方式 情感的事情。

I mean, I am feeling things that I've only read about.

我的意思是，我感覺到的東西，我只讀過。

Danielle Steele books.

Danielle Steele的書。

I mean, when I'm with him, I just totally, totally nauseous.

我的意思是，當我和他在一起，我只是完全，完全噁心。

I'm physically not.

我身體不。

You know what now means as a discourse marker, it doesn't have a meaning of present time.

你知道現在作為話語標記的意思，它沒有現在的意思。

Rather, it's used to direct the conversation, signaling a new topic.

而是用來引導話題，提示新的話題。

Make sure you guys get to the restaurant by eight.

確保你們八點前到餐廳。

Bernadette's meeting me there at 8 30 I don't want to blow the surprise will be there.

伯納黛特8點半和我在那裡見面，我不想把驚喜搞砸了。

Got it.

我知道了

Now I have a question about the song.

現在我有一個關於這首歌的問題。

I was thinking at some point I could bust out a little rap.

我在想，在某些時候，我可以來點說唱。

It looks like gold.

它看起來像黃金。

We'll watch two clips from friends in one of them.

我們就在其中看兩個朋友的片段。

Now means at this moment and in another one, it's used as a discourse marker.

現在的意思是此時此刻，而在另一箇中，它是作為話語標記使用的。

In which clip is it a discourse?

在哪個片段中，它是一種話語？

Marker?

標記？

Okay, just promise me that you won't do anything stupid.

好吧，只要答應我，你不會做任何愚蠢的事情。

We're just friends now, Okay?

我們現在只是朋友，好嗎？

Why would I do anything stupid?

我為什麼要做傻事？

Okay, everybody, it's trifle time.

好了，各位，時間到了。

So now this is a traditional English trifle, isn't it?

所以，現在這是一個傳統的英國小菜，不是嗎？

If you chose this one, you got it.

如果你選擇了這個，你就得到了它。

Of all discourse.

所有話語權的。

Markers, like, is probably the most controversial one, as it tends to be overused.

像馬克筆，可能是最有爭議的一個，因為它往往被過度使用。

I almost lost a job.

我幾乎失去了一份工作。

I did just lose a gig.

我確實剛剛失去了一個演出。

Because when you Google be, it's like sexual misconduct stuff and like, that's really scary.

因為當你谷歌是， 它像性行為不端的東西 和喜歡，這是非常可怕的。

And again, I don't want to be like, you know who the real victim of Harvey Weinstein is.

再說一遍，我不想說，你知道誰是哈維・韋恩斯坦的真正受害者。

Jamie kill Steen.

Jamie殺了Steen

But, like, let me just stop you right here.

但是，像，讓我在這裡阻止你。

If you say like one more time, my fucking head's gonna explode.

如果你再說一次，我的頭就會爆炸。

Dude, I get comments like that It's brutal.

夥計，我得到這樣的評論 這是殘酷的。

Brutal.

殘忍的。

Is it as bad as all right, I'm gonna I just want you to slow it down.

它是壞的，因為所有的權利，我要去... ...我只是想讓你慢下來。

I'm gonna use it every now and then slip this coffee.

我要用它時不時地溜這咖啡。

One that learners in particular overuse is.

其中，學習者特別是過度使用的是。

You know, if this is something you do, look at it as a habit you need to break.

你知道，如果這是你做的事情，把它看成是你需要打破的習慣。

The first thing you need in order to stop using it is realizing that you say it too much.

要想停止使用它，首先要意識到自己說的太多了。

I just figured after living with you, it would be an interesting change of pace to have a female roommate.

我只是覺得和你住在一起後，有一個女室友會是一個有趣的變化。

You know, someone I could learn from someone, someone who's different than me.

你知道，我可以向某人學習的人，一個和我不同的人。

Also, there's the thinking sound.

另外，還有思考的聲音。

Check out this example.

看看這個例子。

What's wrong with I got this blinding pain in my stomach when I was lifting weights before, and then I passed out, and I've been able to stand up since I don't think it's anything serious.

我之前舉重的時候肚子就有這種刺眼的疼痛，然後我就暈倒了，後來我就能站起來了，我覺得沒什麼大礙，這是怎麼回事？

I've noticed that some of my students keep the thinking sounds that they make in their native language.

我注意到有的學生保留了母語中的思維音。

If you want to sound closer to a native English speaker, then this simple modification using um, is going to make a big difference.

如果你想聽起來更接近母語為英語的人，那麼這個使用um的簡單修飾，會讓你的英語水平大打折扣。

Do you find it difficult to understand fast speaking natives.

你是否覺得很難聽懂說快話的本地人。

Then I highly recommend, are fluent with friends Course.

那麼我強烈推薦，是流利的朋友課程。

In this 48 week course you will learn with the first two seasons of friends you'll receive PDF power lessons every week.

在這48周的課程中，你將與前兩季的朋友們一起學習，你每週都會收到PDF動力課程。

Vocabulary, memorization, software, access to our fluency, circle, global community and so much more and the best parties.

詞彙、背誦、軟件、進入我們的流利說、圈子、全球社區等等，還有最好的聚會。

You can try it right now for free with our three part master class.

你現在就可以通過我們的三部分大師班免費試用。

All you have to do is click up here or down in the description box below to learn more and sign up.

你要做的就是點擊這裡或下面描述框中的上、下，瞭解更多的資訊，並進行報名。

Now we look forward to seeing you there.

現在我們期待著在那裡見到你。

Now that we've gone over the most basic and common discourse markers, let's see a few more.

現在我們已經介紹了最基本、最常見的話語標記，我們再來看幾個。

We've categorized them into two broad categories.

我們把它們分為兩大類。

Connectors and adverbs and add verbal expressions.

連接詞和副詞，並添加動詞表達。

Connectors are words or phrases that help us to connect to ideas.

連接器是幫助我們連接思想的單詞或短語。

Within this category, we have discourse, markers of result, reason, purpose and contrast.

在這一類別中，我們有話語權、結果的標誌、理由、目的和對比。

We'll see a few examples of each and will also include some example.

我們會看到每個人的一些例子，也會包括一些例子。

Clips, discourse, markers that help us connect an idea as being a result of another one are so as a result.

剪輯、話語、標記，幫助我們把一個想法聯繫起來，作為另一個想法的結果，是這樣的結果。

Therefore, consequently, so is the most common one, while the other three are more formal and more common in writing.

是以，是以，所以是最常見的一種，而其他三種則是比較正式的，在書面上比較常見。

Peralta's busy.

Peralta很忙

So let's just get started to explain the reason for an idea or action.

所以我們就先來解釋一下一個想法或行動的原因。

These are some of the discourse markers that we use.

這些都是我們使用的一些話語標記。

Mhm.

嗯

I enjoy having breakfast in bed.

我喜歡在床上吃早餐。

I like waking up to the smell of bacon.

我喜歡醒來時聞到培根的味道。

Sue me, and since I don't have a butler, I have to do it myself.

告我，因為我沒有管家，所以只能自己動手。

Due to budget cuts, my position as middle school music teacher has been eliminated.

由於預算削減，我的國中音樂教師崗位被取消了。

So I've been working as a high school sub to explain the purpose of an idea or action.

所以我一直在做一個高中生的副手，來解釋一個想法或行動的目的。

These are some of the discourse markers that we use.

這些都是我們使用的一些話語標記。

Two is the most common one.

二是最常見的一種。

You use it in a sentence like they left early to catch the 7 30 train in order to or so as to are more formal.

你用在句子裡，比如他們早早地離開去趕7點半的火車，以或所以為都比較正式。

We've already talked about so as a discourse marker of result, but it's also used for purpose.

我們已經講過so作為結果的話語標記，但它也是用於目的的。

You can say it tears so that, or simply is so in informal speech or writing.

你可以說它的眼淚如此，或者乾脆在非正式的講話或寫作中就是如此。

They traveled to Miami so that they could see their grandchildren.

他們前往邁阿密，以便能看到自己的孫子。

We also commonly say, in case to express purpose.

我們也常說，萬一要表達目的。

Here you go pad Thai, no peanuts does it have peanut oil?

你的泰式點心，沒有花生有花生油嗎？

I'm not sure.

我不確定

Everyone keep an eye on Howard and Casey starts to swell.

大家盯著霍華德，凱西開始膨脹。

Oh, since it's not bee season, you can have my epinephrine.

哦，既然現在不是蜜蜂季節，你可以用我的腎上腺素。

We use many discourse.

我們使用了很多話語權。

Markers for contrast.

對比的標記。

Let's see some examples.

我們來看看一些例子。

So your siblings, they don't experience the same pressures you do?

所以你的兄弟姐妹，他們沒有經歷過和你一樣的壓力？

Oh, God, no, they don't care about school.

哦，上帝，不，他們不關心學校。

Why do you think that is?

你覺得為什麼會這樣？

I mean, you all grew up in the same house with the same parents.

我是說，你們都是在同一個房子里長大的，有同樣的父母。

Yet you're the only one who feels this enormous pressure to achieve at such a high level.

然而只有你一個人感受到了這種巨大的壓力，要在如此高的水準上取得成就。

I should probably give me a heads up about a couple things.

我也許應該給我提個醒，有幾件事。

How much?

多少錢？

Even though he's retired from the police force, he still carries his gun.

雖然他已經從警隊退休了，但他仍然帶著槍。

But don't worry, he won't shoot it.

不過不用擔心，他不會開槍的。

It's more of a fashion statement.

這更像是一種時尚宣言。

We also say, in spite of or despite, it's just I have, like no family left, you know?

我們還說，儘管或儘管，它只是我有， 像沒有家人離開，你知道嗎？

I mean, except for my grandmother.

我的意思是，除了我的祖母。

But let's face it, she's not gonna be around forever, despite what she says.

但讓我們面對現實吧，她不會永遠存在，儘管她說了什麼。

If you aspire to speak English more fluently and understand far speaking natives, then I highly recommend you check out this lesson that we made over on our real life English channel.

如果你渴望更流利地說英語，聽懂遠道而來的本地人的話，那麼我強烈建議你看看我們真人英語頻道上做的這節課。

You can click up here or down in the description box below to watch that lesson.

你可以點擊這裡或下面的描述框中的上邊或下邊來觀看該課程。

Next.

下一個

The next category of discourse markers that will see are adverbs and add verbal expressions.

接下來會看到的一類話語標記是副詞和附加動詞表達。

These are the ones that will see.

這些都是會看到的。

Speaking of is used to change the direction of a conversation, but making a link to what has just been said.

說的是用來改變談話的方向，但要和剛才說的內容做一個鏈接。

Oh, this is great.

哦，這是偉大的。

I could do this for the rest of my life.

我可以這樣做我的餘生。

Hey, speaking, speaking of things you do for the rest of your life did I read that you're on that that tenure committee?

嘿，說起來，說到你下半輩子要做的事 我讀到你在那個終身制委員會里嗎？

Yep.

是的。

I've got to get a home gym to introduce additional surprising or unexpected information.

我必須得到一個家庭健身房，以介紹更多令人驚訝或意外的資訊。

We say, actually, Or in fact, how did you How did you get a girl like that?

我們說，其實，或者說，其實，你怎麼會有這樣的女孩呢？

Mhm.

嗯

Yeah.

是啊。

So what is she like, a spokesmodel or aerobics instructor?

那麼她是什麼樣的人，是代言人還是健美操教練？

What?

什麼？

Actually, she's a paleontology doctoral candidate specialising in the cinemas OIC era.

其實，她是一個古生物學博士生，專門研究電影OIC時代。

Okay, but that's like the easiest era when you want to return to a previous subject used as I was saying, Can I have everyone's attention, please?

好吧，但這就像最簡單的時代，當你想回到以前的主題使用，就像我說的，我可以有大家的關注，好嗎？

Uh, I'm I'm Ross Geller.

呃，我... ...我是羅斯・蓋勒。

Dr.

博士

Ross Geller.

Ross Geller.

Dad, please.

爸爸，別這樣

That's what I was saying I'm Dr Ross Geller.

我就是這個意思，我是羅斯-蓋勒博士。

All in all is used to say that you're taking everything into consideration.

總而言之是用來表示你把所有的事情都考慮到了。

Okay, so we went out.

好吧，所以我們出去了。

It's all a movie met some nice people, said horrible things about each other in public.

都是電影裡遇到一些好人，當眾說了一些可怕的事情。

And all the pretty magical night, after all, introduces a strong argument that other people might not have taken into consideration.

而所有漂亮神奇的夜晚，畢竟引入了一個別人可能沒有考慮到的有力論據。

From now on, I want you to do whatever he asks you to do.

從現在開始，他讓你做什麼你就做什麼。

Okay, After all, he is your uncle, and I think we ought to just embrace that in this clip.

好吧，畢竟，他是你的叔叔，我想我們應該在這個片段中擁抱這一點。

See how, besides is used to add additional information.

看看如何，除了用於添加額外的資訊。

I'm telling you, he's really sweet and he's really funny, and he's just he's just got a good heart.

我告訴你，他真的很可愛，他真的很有趣，他只是... ...他只是有一顆善良的心。

Besides, I think he really likes you.

而且，我覺得他真的很喜歡你。

Really, basically, is a very common one, which we used to introduce the most important or fundamental point.

真的，基本上是一個很常見的，我們用來介紹最重要或者最基本的點。

Basically, you want to use one machine for all your whites.

基本上，你想用一臺機器來處理所有的白。

Okay, A whole nother machine for for your colors.

好吧，一個全新的機器為你的顏色。

We use the expression.

我們使用的表達方式是：

As far as something is concerned to talk about a new topic as far as the weather is concerned, we've been having nothing but rain for the past week.

就事論事地談一個新的話題，就天氣而言，我們過去一週除了下雨，什麼都沒有。

You can also say as full I can get you a job.

你也可以說成全我可以給你找工作。

Right here is an entry level process.

這裡是一個入門的過程。

But don't you need experience for a job like that?

但這樣的工作不需要經驗嗎？

It's not that hard to learn and ask for.

學習和要求並不難。

People realize that you have no idea what you're doing.

人們意識到，你根本不知道自己在做什麼。

You're an actor.

你是個演員

Act like a processor.

表現得像個處理器。

People will think you're a processor.

人們會認為你是一個處理器。

Are the common ways to say this are as regards and regarding Randy?

常見的說法是關於和關於蘭迪?

Hey, before you get to that regarding the earlier project I was working on Well, uh, yeah, yeah.

嘿，在你說到這個之前... ...關於我之前的項目... ...嗯，是的，是的。

Alright.

好吧，我知道了

So, to start out, we'll have you take a quick diagnostic test just to see if this is a problem that you might suffer from.

所以，開始的時候，我們會讓你做一個快速的診斷測試，就是想看看這是不是你可能患有的問題。

So we'll watch a funny clip from friends.

所以我們就看朋友們的搞笑片段。

And what I want you to do is think about what should come after.

而我想讓你做的是思考之後應該做什麼。

Interested.

有興趣。