the opinions of the loudest person or the most charismatic person or the most assertive person, those are the ones that the group tends to follow.

眾人通常偏向跟隨聲音最大、最具魅力或語氣最為篤定的人提出的意見。

And yet, researchers have looked at this.

然而，研究者對此進行了調查。

There's no correlation between being that best talker and having the best ideas.

「能言善道」跟「最佳點子」之間並沒有相關性。

Mean, like, zero correlation.

應該是說，完全不相干。

I think that we're living in a society now that is so overly extroverted.

我們現在所處的社會太過於重視外向了。

As we shifted from an agricultural economy to a corporate one,

隨著經濟從農業重心轉變為商業重心，

we started to admire people who could be magnetic and charismatic 'cause these were the qualities that seemed to matter for job interviews and things like that.

具吸引力和魅力的那些人開始受到推崇，因為這些特質似乎關乎面試等事情的成敗。

And so, in the earlier agricultural economy, our self-help books used to have titles like "Character: The Grandest Thing In The World".

也因此，在農業經濟時期，勵志書會取《個性：全世界最偉大的事物》這種標題。

But then the self-help books later on became the ones that we kind of know of today, like Dale Carnegie's "How To Win Friends And Influence People".

但隨後，勵志書開始變成我們現在所熟知的那類標題，例如戴爾．卡內基的《如何贏取友誼與影響他人》。

And those were all about teaching us to be more entertaining, more dynamic and that kind of thing.

這些都在教我們如何變得更有趣、有活力，之類的。

I think, for any trait of human nature, any aspect, it has its pros and it has its cons.

我認為，不管從任何角度看，每種個性都有其優缺點。

And what I'm saying is that for too long, we've looked at introversion only through its disadvantages, and we've looked at extroversion only through its advantages.

我想說的是，長時間以來我們都將內向視為缺點，並一昧認為外向是優點。

So I'm trying to now fill in the gaps and what that can sometimes sound like is, you're "Down with extroverts, up with introverts".

而我現在是想填補它們之間的差距，雖然這聽起來可能像「外向不好，內向大加分」。

And my vision of the right world is a world where it's yin and yang.

但其實，我覺得世界運作方式像陰陽運行。

You know, and there's space for extroverts and there's space for introverts, and it's equal space.

有外向者，也有內向者，而它們佔比是相等的。

If you look at the birth of Apple, Apple computer, we tend to associate Apple with Steve Jobs, who is this dazzling showman.

回顧蘋果，蘋果電腦的創立，我們傾向將蘋果與史蒂夫・賈伯斯聯想在一塊， 也就是那個耀眼的講者。

But really, the person who invented the Apple computer was a different Steve, it was Steve Wozniak, who's a self-identified introvert.

但實際上，真正創建蘋果的不是我們熟知的史蒂夫，而是另一個叫「史蒂夫・沃茲尼克」的人，他自認是個內向者。

And he created this amazing thing by sitting by himself in a cubicle at Hewlett-Packard, where he was working at the time, um.

他獨自坐在 HP 電腦的辦公室小隔間內，也就是他當時工作的地點，創造出了這驚人的成就。

Late at night and early in the morning before anybody was at work, he would work by himself, by himself, by himself, for months.

長達數月，在大家開始工作前、下班後，他日日夜夜獨自努力。

And then he produced this amazing thing that he then shared with his friend, Steve Jobs.

最後創造出這個驚人的作品並與好友史蒂夫・賈伯斯分享。

And then it was Steve Jobs who said, "Hey! We should start a company with this."

然後史蒂夫・賈伯斯便說：「我們應該以此為基礎開間公司。」

"This is amazing!"

「這太棒了！」

Without Steve Jobs, none of it ever would have come to pass.

沒有史蒂夫・賈伯斯，這些產品不可能出現在眾人眼前。

Umm, so it was this combination of letting the solitary person go off by himself to think in his deep way, and then having a partnership between the two.

是獨行俠的自由發想及深思熟慮， 加上兩個人的夥伴關係才造就了蘋果電腦的成功。

And in fact, you know, in companies, it's been found that the most effective teams are the ones that are a combination of introvert and extrovert.

而事實上，在公司內，我們會發現最有效率的團隊就是內向者加外向者的組合。

And the two types are really drawn to each other and really need each other.

這兩種人格不僅相互吸引，更彼此相依。