And I'm Georgina.

我是喬治娜

In this programme we're looking for utopia.

在這個節目中，我們正在尋找烏托邦。

You mean a perfect world – a place where everyone lives

你是說一個完美的世界，一個人人都能生活的地方。

together in harmony. Does that kind of place exist, Rob?

在一起和諧。這種地方存在嗎，羅布？

Umm probably not, but it's something we aspire to create –

也許不是，但這是我們渴望創造的東西----。

a happy place where everyone is cared for and nobody goes without.

一個幸福的地方，在那裡，每個人都得到了照顧，沒有人去沒有。

Well let me know if you find it, and I'll head there straight away.

好吧，如果你找到了，請告訴我，我就直接去那裡。

Well, one place that is trying to be like that is the Dutch city of Amsterdam.

嗯，有一個地方正在努力成為這樣的地方，那就是荷蘭的阿姆斯特丹市。

We're going to be finding out what they're doing with the help

我們要找出他們在做什麼的幫助下。

of some doughnuts!

一些甜甜圈的！

But first, Georgina, I have a perfect question for you!

但首先，喬治娜，我有個完美的問題要問你！

According to the 2020 United Nations World Happiness Report,

根據2020年聯合國《世界幸福報告》。

which country is the world's happiest? Is it…

哪個國家是世界上最幸福的國家？是...

a) Finland? b) Singapore?, or, c) Austria?

a) 芬蘭？ b) 新加坡？ 或者，c) 奧地利？

That's tricky, but I imagine that - if only for the scenery - it's a) Finland.

這是棘手的，但我想象--如果只是為了風景的話--它是a)芬蘭。

OK, Georgina, I'll tell you if you are right or wrong later on.

好吧，喬治娜，待會我再告訴你是對是錯。

Anyway, let's get back to Amsterdam – a city that's doing its best

不管怎樣，讓我們回到阿姆斯特丹--這個正在盡力的城市。

to use creative ideas to be sustainable.

利用創造性的想法來實現可持續發展。

That's right, and it's using the concept of a ring doughnut

沒錯，它是用了環形甜甜圈的概念。

to use as a model for its sustainability.

以此作為其可持續性的模式。

Economist Kate Raworth, who we will hear from shortly,

經濟學家凱特-羅沃斯，我們很快就會聽到她的聲音。

describes this as “a picture of 21st Century prosperity for humanity.”

將其描述為 "21世紀人類的繁榮圖景"。

Now thinking of this 'ring doughnut' -

現在想起這個 "環形甜甜圈"----。

the idea is not to leave anyone in the hole in the middle

不讓任何人鑽空子

falling short on the essentials of life - but at the same time

虧欠了生活的基本要素--但與此同時

not going beyond the outer ring, because there we put so much

不超過外環，因為在那裡我們把這麼多的。

pressure on our planetary home it can cause climate change.

對我們的星球家園施加壓力，會導致氣候變化。

So, here is Kate Raworth speaking on the BBC World Service programme,

所以，這裡是凱特-羅沃斯在BBC世界服務節目中的講話。

People Fixing the World, talking about how Amsterdam

人們在修復世界，談論阿姆斯特丹如何

is trying to fit into this 'doughnut' approach…

正在努力適應這種 "甜甜圈 "的方式... ...

Amsterdam has started with a goal of saying we want to be a

阿姆斯特丹一開始就有一個目標，說我們要成為一個。

thriving, inclusive, regenerative city for all residents

為所有居民提供繁榮、包容、再生的城市

while respecting planetary boundaries - that's like saying we want our

同時尊重行星的邊界--這就像我們說要我們的...

city to live in the doughnut.

城市住在糰子裡。

And that changes how you build - you don't bring in

這就改變了你的建設方式--你不會帶來的是

more new raw materials from across the other side of the world -

更多的新原料來自世界的另一端----------。

you say, right, how do we re-use the construction materials that are

你說，對了，我們如何再利用的建築材料，是

already in our city to build new buildings? […]

已經在我們的城市建設新的建築物？[…]

How do we change the way that people travel?

如何改變人們的出行方式？

Start asking very different questions from the

開始問一些非常不同的問題，從

outdated economic mindset that they were taught before.

他們以前所學的過時的經濟觀念。

Interesting stuff from Kate Raworth there.

凱特-羅沃斯的東西很有意思

The people of Amsterdam are trying to live within the doughnut!

阿姆斯特丹的人們正在努力生活在甜甜圈內！

Their aim is to live and look after each other without harming the planet.

他們的目標是在不損害地球的前提下，相互生活、相互照顧。

It's a big aim – but they want their city to be thriving –

這是一個很大的目標--但他們希望他們的城市能夠繁榮發展--。

so growing and being successful.

所以成長和成功。

And it wants to be inclusive – including everyone and treating them equally.

而且它希望能夠包容--包括每個人，平等對待他們。

This is beginning to sound like utopia, Rob!

這開始聽起來像烏托邦，羅布！

To achieve this, Kate talked about using locally-sourced materials

為了實現這一目標，凱特談到了使用當地的材料。

for building and thinking about how people travel around –

用於建設和思考人們如何出行的----。

basically making it a sustainable city.

基本上使其成為一個可持續發展的城市。

It's about people thinking differently and not doing things in the same way

這就是人與人之間的思維方式不同，做事情的方式也不同

they've always been done.

他們一直在做。

It involves changing the way people think, or their mindset.

它涉及到改變人們的思維方式，或他們的心態。

Another idea from the Netherlands that fits the doughnut model

另一個來自荷蘭的想法，符合甜甜圈的模式

is the making of recycled jeans.

是再生牛仔褲的製作。

The People Fixing the World programme visited a company where old

修理世界的人 "方案參觀了一家公司，該公司的老舊設備都是在該公司生產的。

jeans were mixed with new organic cotton to make new ones.

牛仔褲與新的有機棉混在一起做新的。

The new ones might not be affordable for everyone,

新的可能不是每個人都能承受的。

but they do reduce cotton production and the use of chemicals and water.

但它們確實減少了棉花生產和化學品及水的使用。

The process creates jobs too.

這個過程也創造了就業機會。

Well, let's hear from Bert van Son, CEO of Mud Jeans.

那麼，我們來聽聽泥巴牛仔褲的CEO Bert van Son的看法。

Listen to why he tries to work within the doughnut model…

聽聽他為什麼要在甜甜圈模式下工作... ...

If you take the doughnut economy and you see the insides of the circles -

如果你把甜甜圈經濟，你會看到圈內的內幕--。

if you break that boundary, mistreat people, and you have

如果你打破這個界限，虐待別人，你有

people making your jeans but they don't have any social security, or any

人們做你的牛仔褲，但他們沒有任何社會保障，或任何。

liberty, or any medical care, those kind of things,

自由，或任何醫療，這些東西。

you will never be able to make nice jeans -

你永遠不可能做出漂亮的牛仔褲----。

it has to become human again, making clothing.

它又要變成人，做衣服。

Bert van Son sees the benefit of the doughnut economy

Bert van Son看到了甜甜圈經濟的好處。

by treating people fairly and with respect – the opposite is to mistreat.

公平和尊重地對待他人 -- -- 反之則是虐待。

He thinks they should have things such as social security –

他認為他們應該有諸如社會保障-------------。

a payment system by governments that helps people live a reasonable life.

政府幫助人們過上合理生活的一種支付制度；

And he says you can't make 'nice' jeans without being human –

他還說，不做人就做不出 "好 "的牛仔褲----。

he doesn't just mean being a person, but being someone with compassion,

他不僅僅是指做人，而是指做一個有同情心的人。

feelings and respect for others.

感受和尊重他人。

Umm, all this from a doughnut!

嗯，這一切都來自一個甜甜圈！

Hopefully this will lead to a happier city and country.

希望這樣能讓城市和國家更加幸福。

But for now, what is the happiest country in the world, Georgina?

但現在，世界上最幸福的國家是什麼，喬治娜？

Yes, you asked me earlier, according to the 2020 United Nations

是的，你剛才問我，根據2020年的聯合國

World Happiness Report, which country has been named the world's happiest?

世界幸福報告，哪個國家被評為世界上最幸福的國家？

And I said Finland. Come on, make me happy and tell me I am right!

我說的是芬蘭來吧，讓我高興，告訴我我是對的！

Well happily, you are correct. Well done.

很高興，你是對的。做得好

Finland is top of the list for the third year in a row,

芬蘭連續三年蟬聯榜首。

with Denmark coming in second.

而丹麥位居第二。

But before you head off there, we need to recap some of the

但在你去那裡之前，我們需要回顧一些。

vocabulary we've discussed today.

我們今天討論的詞彙。

Of course. We've been discussing utopia -

當然，我們一直在討論烏托邦我們一直在討論烏托邦--

a perfect place where everyone lives together in harmony.

一個完美的地方，大家和諧共處。

Thriving describes something that is growing and successful.

欣欣向榮形容某件事情正在成長和成功。

And inclusive means including everyone and treating them equally.

而包容意味著包容每一個人，平等對待他們。

We also mentioned mindset.

我們還提到了心態。

That describes the fixed thoughts and attitudes someone has.

這形容的是一個人的固定思想和態度。

To mistreat someone is to treat them badly or cruelly.

虐待一個人，就是對他不好或殘忍。

And social security is a payment system by

而社保是一種支付制度，由

governments that helps people live a reasonable life.

政府，幫助人們過上合理的生活。

OK, well that's all for this programme.

好了，這個節目就到此為止。

We'll see you again soon for more trending topics

更多的熱門話題，我們很快就會再見。

and vocabulary here at 6 Minute English. Bye for now!

和詞彙在6分鐘英語這裡。暫時再見!

Bye!

再見！