of American English. Actually, native speakers  of American English are more likely to make this  

的美式英語。其實，以美式英語為母語的人更有可能做出這種

mistake than a non-native speaker, because native  speakers learn English by listening for years  

比非母語者更容易犯錯，因為母語者是通過多年的聽力來學習英語的。

before they start learning English with letters,  and it's the pronunciation of these phrases,  

在他們開始用字母學習英語之前，就是這些短語的發音。

how they sound to the ears that messes  people up. Today, we're going to go over  

它們的聲音如何聽起來，讓人亂了陣腳。今天，我們要去

why this happens and we're going to  make sure you never mix them up again.

為什麼會發生這種情況，我們要確保你永遠不會再把它們混在一起。

Don't forget, if you like this video or you learn  something new, give it a thumbs up and subscribe  

不要忘了，如果你喜歡這個視頻或者你學到了新的東西，請豎起大拇指並訂閱。

with notifications. Should've. I got curious about  this so I went to Google to type in this phrase  

與通知書。應該有的。我對這個很好奇，所以我去谷歌輸入了這句話。

and see what it suggested. The reason why I  got curious is because it's wrong. It's not  

看看它的建議。我之所以好奇，是因為它是錯的。這不是

grammatically correct. Here's what I found.  Google suggests things as you type based on  

文法上是正確的。這是我發現的。 當你輸入時，谷歌會根據

what other people have searched in the past. So  I was curious to see if many people have searched  

別人都搜索過什麼。所以我很想知道是否有很多人都搜索過。

phrases starting with 'should of' and I found  they were searching this: should of been a cowboy,  

以 "應該的 "開頭的短語，我發現他們在搜索這個：應該是一個牛仔。

should of seen it in color, should of known  better, should of had a V8. So that's what we're  

應該看到它的顏色， 應該知道更好，應該有一個V8。所以這就是我們

searching, the text below, however, shows the top  results, and there, we see the correct spelling.  

搜索，然而，下面的文字顯示了最前面的結果，在那裡，我們看到了正確的拼寫。

Should, apostrophe VE. Here's what's crazy. The  word 'have' and the word 'of' sound the same when  

應該，撇號VE。最瘋狂的是"have "和 "of "聽起來是一樣的。

they're reduced. That's why they get switched in  writing because they sound the same. Have can be  

他們是減少。這就是為什麼它們在寫作中會被調換，因為它們聽起來是一樣的。Have可以是

reduced to the schwa, and the V, or just the  schwa. I should have been there. Should have.  

淪為分音符，而V，或者只是分音符。我應該在那裡。應該有。

Should have. Uv uv uv uv. Have reducing to uv--  or, I can reduce that to the schwa without the V.  

應該有。Uv uv uv uv。有減少到uv -- 或者，我可以減少到沒有V的schwa。

That's another common reduction. Shoulda. I  should have been there. Shoulda. Uh uh uh uh uh.

這是另一種常見的減法。應該的我應該在那裡。應該的。呃，呃，呃，呃。

Of has the same exact reduction. Let's take  a look at the example phrase: Lots of money.  

of有同樣的完全還原。我們來看看這個例句。很多錢

That can be pronounced: lots of, of, of, of, of,  the schwa, and the V, just like have. Uv uv uv.  

那可以讀成：很多，的，的，的，的，的，分音符，還有V，就像have。Uv uv uv。

Lots of money. Or it can be just the  schwa. Lots of money. Lots uh uh uh,  

很多錢。也可以是單純的schwa。很多錢Lots uh uh uh,

just like have. So if you've spent your whole  life hearing should've, would've, could've, or  

就像有。所以，如果你已經花了你的一生 聽到應該有，會有，可能有，或

shoulda, woulda, coulda, it makes sense  that you're going to write it: should of,  

shoulda，woulda，coulda，你要寫成：應該的，很有道理。

would of, could of, because these two word  phrases sound the same as: should have,  

would of，could of，因為這兩個詞組的發音與：should have相同。

could have, would have. But these phrases  with 'of' are never grammatically correct  

could have, would have.但這些帶 "的 "的短語在文法上是不正確的。

in any situation. They should always  be: should have, would have, could have.

在任何情況下。他們應該永遠是：應該有，會有，可以有。

So the same thing happens with would, and could.  Look at this. I typed 'could of' to see what other  

所以，同樣的事情也發生在會，和能。 看看這個。我打了'could of'想看看其他的

popular searches use this phrase. Could of been  different. Now there, that's the actual name of  

熱門搜索使用這句話。可能是不同的。現在，這就是真正的名字的。

the song. This grammatical error is in the title  of the song. That's how common this error is,  

的歌曲。這個語法錯誤是在歌曲的標題上。這個錯誤就是這麼常見。

and these two suggestions, even though i've typed  'could of' are making the correction for me,  

而這兩個建議，即使我已經打了'可能的'正在為我做修正。

changing it to could've,  the contraction with have.

改為could've，與have的收縮。

For kids, especially, this is a common error,  as they're learning how to write before they've  

特別是對於孩子們來說，這是一個常見的錯誤，因為他們在學習寫作之前，就已經在學習寫作了

learned all the grammar. To conclude 'of' and  'have' can and usually do sound the same in  

學會了所有的文法。總而言之'的'和'有'可以，而且通常也會在

spoken English. But with these three words,  what you're hearing is never 'of' it's always  

英語口語。但這三個詞，你聽到的從來都不是 "的"，而是

'have' so be careful in writing with these  phrases. Now, if you're wondering why on Earth  

'有'所以在寫這些短語的時候要小心。現在，如果你想知道為什麼在地球上

we would pronounce have without the H? You're not  alone. This is a common reduction that most of my  

如果沒有H，我們會念have嗎？你不是一個人。這是一種常見的減法，我的大多數

students did not know about. Did you know that  this word is often pronounced without the H?  

學生不知道的。你知道這個詞的讀音往往沒有H嗎？

It becomes UD. He had already been waiting for  ten minutes. He had. Ud ud ud ud ud. Schwa D.  

變成了UD。他已經等了十分鐘了。他已經。ud ud ud ud ud。Schwa D．

And this word, it becomes ER. What's her  name? What's her-- er er er-- what's her--  

而這個詞，就變成了急診室。她叫什麼名字？她叫什麼... 呃... 呃... 她叫什麼...

This word becomes EE. I thought he said that.  Thought he— Thought he— Thought he-- ee ee ee--

這個詞變成了EE。我以為他說了。 以為他... 以為他... 以為他... 咿咿咿...

This word becomes IS. What's his problem?  What's his— what's his— This word becomes  

這個詞變成了IS。他的問題是什麼？ 他的... 他的... 這個詞變成了...

ihm— ihm— I got him a present. Got him—ihm— ihm— What? Yes. Dropping the H in unstressed words  

我給他買了個禮物。我給他買了個禮物，什麼？在無壓力的詞中去掉H

like this is a common reduction. This  is everyday English. It's not slang,  

像這樣是一種常見的還原。這是日常英語。這不是俚語。

and it's not sloppy, it's not unprofessional.  It's what native speakers do all the time at home,  

這不是馬虎，也不是不專業。 這就是母語人士在家裡經常做的事情。

with friends, and family, but also at  work, in important meetings, and so on. 

與朋友、和家人，也可以在工作、重要會議等。

Let's look at real world examples of  a couple of these words. First, HER. 

我們來看看這幾個詞的實際例子。首先，HER。

Instead of more chemotherapy coursing  to her veins, she's done that. 

而不是更多的化療流向她的血管，她已經做到了。

Through her. Through her. It's like  one word with an unstressed ER ending.  

通過她。通過她。這就像一個詞與一個無壓力的ER結束。

Through her. Instead of more chemotherapy  coursing to her veins, she's done that. 

通過她。而不是更多的化療流向她的靜脈，她做到了。

Let's look at another example. Her in-laws should be arrested  

我們再看一個例子。她的公公婆婆應該被逮捕

for what they did to her. To her. To her. No H in her. 

為他們對她所做的一切。敬她敬她沒有H在她。

Her in-laws should be arrested  for what they did to her. 

她的親家對她的所作所為應該被逮捕。

Let's look at another example. I'm not worried about her not breathing. 

我們再看一個例子。我不擔心她沒有呼吸。

About her. About her. I'm not worried about her not breathing. 

關於她關於她。我不擔心她沒有呼吸。

And now, let's look at HIS. With all the risks to his safety and his health. 

現在，讓我們來看看HIS。他的安全和健康存在著所有的風險。

And his-- and his-- no D in and, that's  another common reduction, and no H in his. 

而他的... 他的... 他的... 他的... 他的沒有D，這是另一種常見的還原，他的沒有H。

With all the risks to his safety and his health. Let's look at another example. 

對他的安全和健康有很大的風險。讓我們看看另一個例子。

Where so many of his colleagues  had childhood horror stories. 

他的很多同事哪裡有童年的恐怖故事。

Of his— of his—. No H. Where so many of his colleagues  

他的... 他的...沒有H，哪裡有那麼多他的同事

had childhood horror stories. Let's do one more. How about HE? 

有童年的恐怖故事。我們再來一個。HE怎麼樣？

And then he found this middle  way which did seem to work. 

然後他找到了這個中間的方法，似乎確實有效。

Then he— then he— Just a quick  EE vowel at the end of the word,  

然後他--然後他--只是在詞尾快速地發一個EE元音。

then no H. Then he-- And then he found  this middle way which did seem to work. 

然後沒有H，然後他... ... 然後他找到了這個中間的方法，似乎確實有效。

Let's look at another example. And what he meant by institutions  

我們再看一個例子。他說的機構是什麼意思呢？

were really just formal rules. What he-- What he meant. What he-- No H. 

其實只是形式上的規則。他的意思是...他... ... 沒有H。

And what he meant by institutions  were really just formal rules. 

而他所說的制度，其實只是形式上的規則。

Now, if this idea of dropping sounds,  this idea of reductions is new to you,  

現在，如果這個滴滴的想法聽起來，這個減少的想法對你來說是新的。

I have put together a playlist that will help  you learn more about them. They really are  

我整理了一個播放列表，可以幫助你更多地瞭解它們。他們真的是

an interesting part of spoken English and you  can keep learning right now with this video.  

英語口語的一個有趣的部分，你可以繼續學習，現在這個視頻。

Don't forget to subscribe with notifications, and  come back, and see what i've got new for you next  

不要忘了訂閱與通知，並回來，看看我有什麼新的為你下一個。

week. I love being your English teacher. That's  it and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.

一週。我喜歡做你的英語老師。就這樣，非常感謝你使用瑞秋英語。