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  • Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.

    你好,這裡是BBC學習英語的6分鐘英語。這是BBC學習英語的6分鐘英語。我是尼爾。

  • And I'm Georgina.

    我是喬治娜

  • In this programme we're talking about something the whole world

    在這個節目中,我們談論的是全世界的事情

  • knows aboutcoronavirus.

    知道--冠狀病毒。

  • Sadly, Covid-19 has been responsible for more than

    可悲的是,Covid-19已經為超過1.5億人的死亡負責。

  • two million deaths globally.

    全球有200萬人死亡。

  • What's believed to have started in the city of Wuhan in China

    相信在中國的武漢市開始了什麼?

  • went on to become a pandemic – a disease

    變成了一種大流行病--一種疾病。

  • that affects many people around the world.

    影響到全世界許多人的。

  • Unsurprisingly, we've discussed this a lot on 6 Minute English

    不出所料,我們在6分鐘英語上已經討論了很多。

  • but over a year on since the first outbreak, it's good to take stock

    但自第一次爆發以來的一年多時間裡,很好地總結了---------------------------------。

  • or look back over the situation and see what we have learnt -

    或者回顧一下情況,看看我們學到了什麼----。

  • and find out how our knowledge has changed.

    並瞭解我們的知識是如何變化的。

  • Before we do that, Georgina, let's test

    喬治娜,在這之前,我們先來測試一下

  • your knowledge with a question.

    你的知識與問題。

  • In 1918/1919 another major virus known as Spanish flu,

    1918/19年,另一種被稱為西班牙流感的主要病毒。

  • swept across the world.

    席捲了整個世界。

  • Do you know approximately, how many people were infected by it?

    你知道大概,有多少人被它感染了嗎?

  • Was it… a) 5 million

    是... a) 500萬

  • b) 50 million, or c) 500 million?

    b)5000萬,或c)5億?

  • Well, I know it was bad, so I'm going for the awful number

    好吧,我知道這很糟糕,所以我要去的可怕的數字。

  • of 500 million.

    的5億。

  • OK, I'll reveal the right answer later on.

    好吧,我待會再揭曉正確答案。

  • Now, back to the current coronavirus pandemic.

    現在,回到當前冠狀病毒大流行的問題上。

  • It was only at the end of December 2019 when

    直到2019年12月底的時候。

  • reports of a new flu-like infection first came out of China.

    一種新型流感樣感染的報道首次從中國傳出。

  • Within weeks, millions of people were in lockdown as the

    在幾周內,數百萬人處於封鎖狀態,因為...。

  • virus took hold around the world.

    病毒在全球範圍內紮根。

  • Took hold means it became stronger and was difficult to stop.

    搦戰意味著它變得更加強大,難以停止。

  • We all had to change the way we lived to stop it spreading.

    我們都必須改變我們的生活方式來阻止它的蔓延。

  • But while we played our part by washing our hands,

    但當我們通過洗手來發揮自己的作用時。

  • wearing masks and staying at home,

    戴著口罩,呆在家裡。

  • some people were busy working for a solution to

    有人在忙著研究如何解決

  • fight this deadly virus.

    對付這種致命的病毒。

  • You're talking about the scientists, Georgina.

    你說的是科學家,喬治娜。

  • Their response was immediate and it's something

    他們的反應是立竿見影的,這是什麼

  • the BBC World Service programme Science in Action

    英國廣播公司世界服務節目《科學在行動》

  • has been reflecting on.

    一直在反思。

  • At the beginning of the outbreak, Jenny Rohn,

    爆發之初,珍妮-羅恩。

  • a virologist from University College London,

    倫敦大學學院的病毒學家。

  • spoke to the programme about her concerns

    節目中談到了她的擔憂

  • if the virus turned out to be like flu.

    如果病毒變成像流感。

  • Here's what she said

    她是這樣說的...

  • Seasonal flu is a huge killer and you've probably seen the numbers,

    季節性流感是一個巨大的殺手,你可能已經看到了數字。

  • it makes the Wuhan virus look a bit wimpy,

    這讓武漢病毒顯得有些懦弱。

  • that's simply because of the sheer number of people that

    那只是因為人數眾多的原因

  • flu infects every year.

    流感每年都會感染。

  • And if the Wuhan virus started spreading like that

    而如果武漢病毒開始這樣傳播的話

  • and going all over the world, you would see a lot of people dead.

    而去到世界各地,你會看到很多人死去。

  • This is why people are worried.

    這就是人們擔心的原因。

  • So we know flu is a virus that can spread easily and can affect

    所以我們知道流感是一種容易傳播的病毒,會影響到

  • many many people.

    很多很多人。

  • This is why, at the time, comparing it with the new coronavirus

    這也是為什麼,當時將其與新的冠狀病毒進行比較。

  • made Covid look 'wimpy' – that's a word to describe something

    讓科維德看起來很 "懦弱"--這是個形容東西的詞。

  • or someone that's feeble - not very strong.

    或者是一個軟弱的人--不是很強壯。

  • Yes, Jenny called the great or significant numbers of people affected

    是的,Jenny稱大量或大量受影響的人。

  • by flu as sheer numbers.

    由流感作為純粹的數字。

  • The fear at the time was if coronavirus spread like flu,

    當時擔心的是如果冠狀病毒像流感一樣傳播。

  • it would kill many people.

    會害死很多人。

  • Well, we all know what happened nextit did spread.

    好吧,我們都知道接下來發生了什麼--它確實擴散了。

  • But, working behind the scenes, scientists developed

    但是,科學家們在幕後工作,開發出了一種新的技術。

  • tests we could use to see if we were infected.

    我們可以用測試來確定我們是否被感染了。

  • But the main challenge was to develop a vaccine

    但主要的挑戰是開發一種疫苗

  • that could stop us becoming infected altogether.

    可以阻止我們完全被感染。

  • This involved people around the world

    這涉及到世界各地的人們

  • working together to share information.

    共同工作,共享資訊;

  • This work started straight away and Dr Peter Dazak,

    這項工作直接開始,彼得-達扎克博士。

  • Zoologist and President of EcoHealth Alliance,

    動物學家、生態健康聯盟主席。

  • told the Science in Action programme that this initial response in

    科學在行動 "節目中說,這種初步反應在

  • China helped with the development of a vaccine

    中國幫助研發疫苗...

  • Despite what everyone says, you know, they had a system

    儘管每個人都說,你知道,他們有一個系統。

  • to find unusual pneumonia cases.

    以發現異常肺炎病例。

  • We now think that that system kicked in,

    我們現在認為,這個系統啟動了。

  • maybe not on the first actual case of Covid,

    也許不是在科維德的第一個實際案例上。

  • but certainly within a couple of months of the first case,

    但肯定是在第一個案件發生後的幾個月內。

  • it seems.

    看來

  • So that's quite quick.

    所以,這是相當快的。

  • And then from that point, to actually getting a full genome,

    然後從這一點,到真正得到一個完整的基因組。

  • genetic sequence of the virus, was very quick

    病毒的基因序列,是非常快的--------。

  • and getting that published and publically available

    並將其公佈和公開--------------。

  • and then rapidly developing diagnostic tests and vaccines now

    然後迅速開發診斷測試和疫苗,現在--。

  • that's really worked well.

    這真的很好用。

  • So China had a scientific system which kicked in

    於是,中國有了一套科學的制度,這套制度發作了------。

  • or started happeningquite quickly.

    或開始發生--相當快。

  • Within a few months of the first coronavirus outbreak,

    在第一次冠狀病毒爆發的幾個月內。

  • experts began to work out the full genome of the virus

    專家們開始研究出病毒的完整基因組--------。

  • that's the full amount of genetic information of something.

    那是東西的全部遺傳信息。

  • This genetic information was made publically available

    這些遺傳信息已公開發表。

  • and helped towards the development of various vaccines

    並幫助開發各種疫苗

  • that we see now

    我們現在看到的

  • which is hopefully our way out of this pandemic.

    這是希望我們擺脫這種流行病的方法。

  • Let's hope so, Georgina.

    希望如此,喬治娜

  • The science is amazing and is explained in more detail in the

    科學是驚人的,在《》中會有更詳細的解釋。

  • BBC's Science in Action programme.

    英國廣播公司的《科學在行動》節目。

  • But now let's get back to our quiz question.

    但現在讓我們回到我們的測驗題。

  • Earlier I asked you

    剛才我問你

  • how many people were infected by Spanish flu back in 1918/1919?

    在1918/19年有多少人感染了西班牙流感?

  • I guessed 500 million. Was I right?

    我猜的是五億。我猜對了嗎?

  • You were, Georgina.

    你是,喬治娜

  • An incredible 500 million people around the world were

    全世界有難以置信的5億人

  • infected by the Spanish flu virus

    西班牙流感病毒感染者

  • and over 50 million people died worldwide.

    並在全球範圍內死亡5000多萬人。

  • Well, the death toll from coronavirus hasn't been that bad,

    嗯,冠狀病毒的死亡人數並沒有那麼嚴重。

  • but is still a significant number.

    但仍是一個重要的數字。

  • OK, well we've just time to recap

    好了,好了,我們只是時間來回顧一下

  • some of the vocabulary we've discussed today.

    我們今天討論的一些詞彙。

  • Starting with pandemic – a disease that

    從流行病開始--------------------疾病

  • affects many people around the world.

    影響到世界各地的許多人。

  • When something took hold, it means it became

    當某件事情紮根時,就意味著它成為

  • stronger and was difficult to stop.

    更強,難以阻止。

  • The word wimpy describes something or someone that's

    "懦弱 "這個詞形容的是某件事或某人的

  • feeble or not very strong.

    弱不禁風

  • Something that is sheer is great or significant

    純粹的東西是偉大的或重要的--。

  • so sheer numbers means a great amount of something.

    所以,數量上的優勢意味著大量的東西。

  • When something kicks in it starts to happen.

    當某件事情發作時,就會開始發生。

  • And a genome is the full amount of

    而一個基因組就是全部的

  • genetic information of something.

    東西的遺傳信息。

  • Well, we're out of time but there's lots

    好吧,我們沒有時間了,但有很多的

  • more 6 Minute English programmes to enjoy on our website

    更多6分鐘英語節目,請訪問我們的網站。

  • at bbclearningenglish.com.

    在bbclearningenglish.com。

  • And if you like topical discussions and want to learn how to

    如果你喜歡話題性的討論,並想學習如何進行

  • use the vocabulary found in headlines,

    使用標題中的詞彙。

  • why not try out our News Review podcast?

    為什麼不試試我們的新聞評論播客?

  • You'll find programmes specifically about Covid-19

    你可以找到專門關於Covid-19的節目。

  • and lots of other interesting topics.

    以及很多其他有趣的話題。

  • Remember we also have an app that you can download

    請記住,我們還有一個應用程序,你可以下載。

  • for free from the app stores.

    從應用商店免費獲得。

  • And of course, we are on most social media platforms.

    當然,我們也在大多數社交媒體平臺上。

  • Thanks for listening and goodbye.

    謝謝你的聆聽,再見。

  • Goodbye.

    再見了

Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.

你好,這裡是BBC學習英語的6分鐘英語。這是BBC學習英語的6分鐘英語。我是尼爾。

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