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2個月內開始免費學習任何東西

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Nature is still the queen of our planet

大自然仍然是我們星球的女王

And one of the greatest displays of her raw power

也是她原始力量的最大展示之一。

Can be found in the form of hurricanes

可以以颶風的形式出現。

These huge and often disastrous storms

這些巨大的、經常是災難性的風暴

Are a well known fact of life

是眾所周知的事實

To sailors and coastal communities the world over

致全世界的水手和沿海社區

But these storms are called different ways depending on where you are

但這些風暴的叫法因你在哪裡而不同

In the Atlantic and North-Eastern Pacific, they are hurricanes

在大西洋和東北太平洋，它們是颶風。

In the North-Western Pacific, they are typhoons

在西北太平洋，它們是颱風。

While in the South-Pacific and Indian Oceans, they are known as Cyclones

而在南太平洋和印度洋，它們被稱為氣旋。

Whatever name they go by

不管他們叫什麼名字

They are nothing to take lightly

這些都是不可輕視的

But how large and how powerful can these storms actually get?

但這些風暴到底能有多大，威力有多大？

Let's start explaining the Saphir-Simpson scale

我們先來解釋一下薩弗爾-辛普森量表

Which you've probably already seen used

你可能已經見過使用

It measures hurricanes on a scale between category 1 on the low end

它以低端的1級颶風來衡量。

And category 5 on the high end

而高端的5類

To help you visualize what each level of the scale means

為了幫助您直觀地瞭解量表的每個等級意味著什麼。

Let's begin with the smallest known cyclone ever on record:

讓我們從有記錄以來最小的氣旋開始。

Tropical Storm Marco

熱帶風暴馬可

To be classified as a category 1 hurricane

被列為1級颶風。

A storm needs to have wind speeds of at least 74 miles per hour (119 kilometers per hour)

風暴的風速至少要達到74英里/小時（119公里/小時）。

And so since Marco only had a maximum speed of 65 miles per hour (105 kilometers per hour)

是以，由於馬可的最高時速只有65英里/小時（105公里/小時）。

It wouldn't even register on the scale

它甚至不會登記在秤上

The storm was about the same size as Rhode Island

風暴的大小和羅德島差不多。

And the damage it caused when it impacted Mexico was minimal

而當它衝擊墨西哥時，造成的損失是最小的

But obviously, actual hurricanes can get much nastier than this

但很明顯，實際的颶風可能會比這個更可怕。

Even on the low end at a category 1 storm

即使是在一級風暴的低端。

Hurricane Nate in 2017 became the costliest natural disaster in the history of Costa Rica

2017年的 "內特 "颶風成為哥斯達黎加歷史上損失最大的自然災害。

Causing 787 million dollars in damage and claiming the lives of 48 people

造成7.87億美元的損失，48人死亡。

A category 1 storm has wind speeds

一級風暴的風速

Ranging between 74 and 95 miles per hour (120-153 kilometers per hour)

時速74至95英里(120至153公里)

And Nate's max speed at 90 miles per hour (145 kilometers per hour) easily made it make the mark

而內特以每小時90英里（145公里）的最高時速，很容易就能讓它達到目標

But the further up the scale we go

但我們越往上走

The more ferocious the wind speeds become

風速越大越凶猛

At category 2

第2類

A hurricane must have wind speeds of between 96 and 110 miles per hour (154-177 kilometers per hour)

颶風的風速必須在96至110英里/小時（154-177公里/小時）之間。

This is fast enough to damage roofs and windows of homes, uproots of trees and destroy mobile homes

這種速度很快，足以破壞房屋的屋頂和窗戶，將樹木連根拔起，並摧毀移動房屋。

Hurricane Arthur is a recent example of this type

颶風 "阿瑟 "就是最近的一個例子。

Which grew to about the size of Montenegro

增長到和黑山差不多大

Once we reach category 3

一旦我們達到第三類

These and all further storms are considered to be major hurricanes

這些和所有進一步的風暴都被認為是主要的颶風。

To be considered a category 3

要被視為第3類

A storm needs to have wind speeds between 111 and 129 miles per hour (178-208 kilometers per hour)

風暴的風速需要在每小時111到129英里（178-208公里）之間。

Even the most well-built homes

即使是最完善的住宅

Or office buildings can suffer minor damage against this

或者是寫字樓對這種情況也會受到輕微的損害

While buildings without a solid foundation

雖然沒有堅實基礎的建築物

Will probably be totally destroyed

可能會被徹底摧毀

Hurricane Otto in 2016 was a good example of this type

2016年的颶風 "奧托 "就是一個很好的例子。

Which grew to have a max wind speed of 115 miles per hour (185 kilometers per hour)

最大風速達到115英里/小時（185公里/小時）。

And became close in size to The Netherlands

並在規模上與荷蘭接近

Hurricanes start getting extremely terrifying when they reach category 4 though

颶風到了四級就開始變得非常可怕，不過。

The deadliest natural disaster in all of American history

美國曆史上最致命的自然災害。

Was because of a category 4 hurricane, that struck the city of Galveston in 1900

是由於4級颶風，在1900年襲擊了加爾維斯頓市。

With wind speeds approaching a 145 miles per hour (233 Kilometers per hour)

風速接近每小時145英里（233公里）。

The hurricane basically destroyed the entire city

颶風基本上摧毀了整個城市

And left somewhere between 6000 and 12000 people dead

並留下了6000到12000人的死亡。

But that's nowhere near the deadliest cyclone in world history

但這遠不及世界歷史上最致命的氣旋。

That unfortunate honor goes to the 1970 Bhola Cyclone

這個不幸的榮譽屬於1970年的Bhola Cyclone。

That smashed into a place that used to be called East Pakistan

撞到了一個曾經被稱為東巴基斯坦的地方。

And now it's called Bangladesh

現在它叫孟加拉國

The storm was about the size of Albania

這場風暴的大小和阿爾巴尼亞差不多

And claimed the lives of over 500000 people!

並奪走了50多萬人的生命!

More then all American fatalities during the Second World War combined!

比二戰期間所有美國人的死亡人數加起來還要多!

Another horrible record set by a category 4 hurricane was by Harvey in 2017

四級颶風創造的另一個恐怖紀錄是2017年的哈維創造的

Approaching the size of Hungary, it slammed into the coast of Texas in 2017

接近匈牙利大小，2017年撞向德克薩斯州海岸

And became the costliest hurricane in history!

併成為史上最昂貴的颶風!

Causing about 125 billion dollars in damage

造成約1250億美元的損失

Which is also close to Hungary's total GDP

這也接近匈牙利的GDP總量

So you can maybe call Harvey a Hungary missile

所以你可以把哈維稱為匈牙利飛彈。

But that missile's record is technically tied with an even more ferocious storm back from 2005, Katrina

但從技術上講，這枚飛彈的記錄與2005年的一場更猛烈的風暴，卡特里娜颶風平分秋色。

Which became a monster close in size to Poland

變成了一個和波蘭差不多大小的怪物

With wind speeds of a 175 miles per hour (282 kilometers per hour

以每小時175英里（282公里）的風速。

It also caused a 125 billion dollars in damage

它還造成了1250億美元的損失

And claimed the lives of over a 1000 people when it struck the southern US

並在襲擊美國南部地區時奪去了1000多人的生命。

This is our first category 5 hurricane

這是我們第一個五級颶風

But there are many more that are significantly bigger

但是，還有很多明顯更大的

As it stands now as of the making of this video

就像現在這個視頻的製作一樣

Hurricane Florence as not yet made landfall in the Carolina's

颶風佛羅倫薩尚未登陸卡羅萊納州的

But it's looking like a true monster approaching the size of France

但它看起來就像一個真正的怪物接近法國的大小。

Hurricane Patricia back in 1979 grew to about the size of the entire Iberian peninsula

1979年的帕特里夏颶風的面積相當於整個伊比利亞半島的面積。

Spain and Portugal combined...

西班牙和葡萄牙聯合...

And clocked in the highest wind speeds ever measured in a hurricane

並在颶風中測得最高風速。

At a demonically fast 215 miles per hour (346 kilometers per hour)

以每小時215英里(346公里)的速度快得驚人

That's fast enough to probably destroy most buildings that would ever come across

這速度足以摧毀大部分的建築物，可能會遇到。

But there's still a few who have grown even bigger...

但還是有少數人長得更大... ...

Well not as ferociously fast

沒有那麼快

Hurricane John was considerably bigger in size nearly the same as Iran!

颶風 "約翰 "的規模相當大，幾乎和伊朗一樣!

John holds the record for being the longest lasting hurricane at 31 days!

約翰保持著持續時間最長的颶風紀錄，31天!

And the furthest distance traveled by one 11530 kilometers (7160 miles)

而一個11530公里(7160英里)的最遠距離。

Or about 29% of the way around the entire planet!

也就是整個地球29%的路程!

Only a tiny handful of hurricanes have ever been bigger than this

只有極少數的颶風比這個大。

But one of them was Sandy

但其中有一個是桑迪

Which became the biggest hurricane to ever strike the US

成為美國有史以來最大的颶風。

It was about half the size of Australia

它的面積約為澳洲的一半

Which looks horrific on a map by the east coast!

這在東海岸的地圖上看起來很可怕!

But with a wind speed of only a 115 miles per hour (185 kilometers per hour)

但風速只有115英里/小時（185公里/小時）。

It was actually classified as just a category 3 storm

實際上，它只是被列為三級風暴

So the damage it caused wasn't as bad as it could've been if it had upgraded

所以，它造成的傷害並不像它可能已經升級的那麼糟糕

But by far the biggest and most terrifying storm on our planet is known to a have ever experienced was Typhoon Tip

但到目前為止，地球上最大最可怕的風暴是颱風 "蒂普"。

Back in 1979

早在1979年

Growing in the North-Western Pacific

生長在西北太平洋

Tip reached a size comparable to the entire county of India!

小費達到了相當於整個印度縣的規模!

And maintained windspeeds of a 190 miles per hour! (305 kilometers per hour!)

並保持著每小時190英里的風速！（每小時305公里！）。(305公里每小時！)

Thankfully Tip weakened before it eventually hit Japan

幸運的是，在最終襲擊日本之前，Tip就已經減弱了。

But imagine the damage it could've caused if it had hit somewhere at its peak strength...

但是，想象一下，如果它擊中了某處的巔峰力量，會造成多大的損失... ...

If the Hungary missile caused a 125 billion dollars of damage in Texas

如果匈牙利飛彈在德州造成1250億美元的損失。

Imagine what an INDIA missile could've done in Japan...

想象一下印度的飛彈能在日本做什麼... ...

But worst of all

但最糟糕的是

Hurricanes are probably going to get bigger later during the century

颶風在本世紀後期可能會越來越大。

Because of Global Warming

因為全球變暖

The warmer the ocean water gets...

海水越暖和... ...

The stronger the hurricane's winds can become

颶風的風力越大，就會越強。

Noah estimates that because of Climate Change

諾亞估計，由於氣候變化

Hurricanes intensity will increase by 2 to 11% by 2100

到2100年，颶風強度將增加2%至11%。

Which doesn't sound like a lot

這聽起來不像是很多

Until you remember that 2-11% of wind speeds close to 200 miles per hour

直到你記得2-11%的風速接近每小時200英里的時候

Is close to 4-22 additional miles per hour (6-35 kilometers per hour)

接近每小時4-22英里(每小時6-35公里)的額外里程。

Which is fast enough over a speed limit to get you a ticket pretty much anywhere

超速的速度足以讓你在任何地方都能拿到罰單

Speed is important or at least the illusion of it is

速度是很重要的，或者說至少有這樣的錯覺。

Before I started this YouTube channel

在我開始這個YouTube頻道之前

I created a feature length movie over a summer

我在一個夏天創作了一部長篇電影

But I really had no idea what I was doing

但我真的不知道自己在做什麼？

If you're trying to do something similar, right now

如果你想做類似的事情，現在

Like filming you're own movie, video's for YouTube or any other cinematic project

比如拍攝你自己的電影，YouTube的視頻或任何其他電影項目。

Then there is no other better place to learn what you're doing then over at Skillshare

然後，沒有其他更好的地方來學習你在做什麼，然後在技能共享。

While learning from their classes on aerial videography or, filming scene transitions is incredibly useful

雖然從他們的課堂上學習空中攝像或，拍攝場景轉換是非常有用的。

Skillshare, of course, has many other interesting classes

當然，Skillshare還有很多其他有趣的課程。

As well on topics like: Data science programming and animation

以及關於以下主題。數據科學編程和動畫

In fact, Skillshare has over 20000 classes

事實上，Skillshare有超過20000個課程

So if there is something you want to learn

所以，如果你有什麼想學習的

Then Skillshare has probably a class on it

那麼技能共享中心可能有一個班級

Best of all you can start leaning with Skillshare for free for 2 entire months

最重要的是，你可以開始傾斜與技能共享2個月整整的免費

And support RealLifeLore by signing up today

通過今天的註冊來支持RealLifeLore。

By clicking the link in the description at skl.sh/reallifelore16

點擊描述中的鏈接skl.sh/reallifelore16。

*Music*

*音樂*