Cumbria. Home to stunning lakes, dramatic  mountains and a beautiful stretch of western  

坎布里亞。這裡有令人驚歎的湖泊、戲劇性的山脈和美麗的西部地區。

coastline. And to the north of the  county, the borderlands of England.  

的海岸線。而在縣城的北部，則是英格蘭的邊境地帶。

Just ten miles away from the Scottish  border stands the city of Carlisle,  

距離蘇格蘭邊境僅十英里的地方，矗立著卡萊爾城。

where a single structure steeped in history  has dominated the skyline for 900 years.  

在這裡，一座歷史悠久的建築在天際線上佔據了900年。

This is Carlisle Castle,  with walls up to 12ft thick,  

這是卡萊爾城堡，城牆厚達12英尺。

built from stone that has wethered its  tumultuous history remarkably well.

用石頭建成的，它的動盪歷史非常好。

This extraordinary building is filled with ancient  chambers, narrow stairways and endless stories.

這座非凡的建築充滿了古老的房間、狹窄的樓梯和無盡的故事。

Carlisle Castle is unusual for English Heritage  in so far as it's a castle that's not a ruin. Over  

卡萊爾城堡對於英國遺產來說是不同尋常的，因為它是一座不是廢墟的城堡。在

hundreds of years successive monarchs have added  to this castle and have helped to develop it as a  

數百年來，歷代君主對這座城堡進行了增建，並幫助它發展成為一個重要的城市。

defensive structure. The keep is a particularly  good example. It was altered by Henry VIII  

防禦結構。城堡是一個特別好的例子。它是由亨利八世改建的

very much in the style of the other  castle that he built along the coast.  

非常符合他在沿海地區建造的其他城堡的風格。

It's been occupied continuously for more  than 900 years since it was founded in 1092  

自1092年建城以來，已經連續佔領了900多年。

which in itself is absolutely remarkable. And  it's had a long and colourful history, perhaps  

這本身就是絕對了不起的。它有一個漫長而多彩的歷史，也許...

sometimes not the colour that we would want to  see, and it's got the accolade of being the most  

有時並不是我們想看到的顏色，它得到的榮譽是最多的

besieged castle in the country. It's often been  fought over and it's been in both Scottish and  

被圍困的城堡在該國。它經常被爭奪，它在蘇格蘭和。

English hands in the early 13th century. And then  again it was besieged in the Jacobite Uprising  

在13世紀初，英國人手中。然後又在雅各賓派起義中被圍困。

of 1745 so its colourful history goes right up  to the 18th century and in some cases beyond.

1745年，所以其豐富多彩的歷史一直延續到18世紀，有時甚至更久。

Carlisle has been recognised as a strategically  important place over the centuries,  

幾個世紀以來，卡萊爾一直被認為是一個具有戰略意義的地方。

presiding over a much contested  border. For hundreds of years,  

主持一個備受爭議的邊界。數百年來。

battles have taken place in these parts as warring  factions from England and Scotland squared off.

在這些地方發生了戰鬥，來自英格蘭和蘇格蘭的交戰派別進行了對決。

Carlisle has long been recognised  as a strategically important place  

長期以來，卡萊爾一直被認為是一個具有戰略意義的地方。

over the centuries and this has  been a much contested border.  

幾個世紀以來，這一直是一個備受爭議的邊界。

There was a Roman settlement here called Lugavalio  and Hadrian's Wall ran just to the north.  

這裡有一個羅馬人的定居點，叫盧加瓦利奧，哈德良長城就在北邊。

The border between Scotland and England made this  a key site to be controlled in the medieval period  

蘇格蘭和英格蘭之間的邊界使這裡成為中世紀時期被控制的關鍵地點。

but it was not just the Anglo-Scottish border.  There were the border rievers, local clans  

但這不僅僅是英蘇邊境。 還有邊境的騷亂者，當地的部族。

known for their cattle raids and feuds made this  area even more difficult to govern from the 13th  

由於他們的掠奪和仇殺而聞名於世，使得這一地區從13歲起就更加難以治理。

century right up to the 17th century. The rievers  had strong clan allegiences that could sometimes  

世紀直到17世紀。裡弗爾人有很強的氏族血統，有時會有很強的血統。

come before national ones and it meant that this  area was very often under what we would now call  

這意味著這個地區經常處於我們現在所說的 "國家 "之下。

special measures. Cattle raids were particularly  common and these often escalated as clans carried  

特別措施。襲擊牲畜的事件特別常見，而且由於部族進行的襲擊經常升級。

out further raids in an attempt to regain  the livestock that had been stolen from them.  

進一步突襲，試圖奪回被盜的牲畜。

This is a landscape of battles  and feuds and shifting alliances.

這是一幅戰火紛飛、恩怨情仇、聯盟變動的景象。

To pair up with this site of battles,  raids and feuds, we have a song that  

為了配合這個戰役、突襲和恩怨的網站，我們有一首歌是

tells a story of warring parties fighting over  a woman who would have known the castle well,  

講述了交戰雙方為爭奪一個本該熟知城堡的女人而爭鬥的故事。

the Lady of Carlisle. Sung for us by Lucy Farrell,  

卡萊爾夫人由Lucy Farrell為我們演唱

this song tells of a lady courting two men of  war, a brave lieutenant and a bold sea captain.  

這首歌講述了一位女士向兩個男人求愛的故事，一個是勇敢的中尉，一個是勇敢的船長。

In order to put her suiters to the test, she  throws her fan into the middle of a lion's den,  

為了考驗她的西裝客，她把扇子扔進了獅穴之中。

challenging the men to retrieve per  possession by facing up to a deadly beast.

挑戰男人們通過面對致命的野獸來奪回每一個財產。