Kent: one of the few English counties to still  use a name with roots in the ancient pre-Roman  

肯特郡：英國為數不多的還在使用根植於古羅馬以前的名字的郡之一。

languages that once rang out across this  island. The word Kent is derived from Kantos,  

語言，曾經響徹這個島嶼。肯特一詞來源於Kantos。

which means 'border', a fitting name for a  place that's home to Dover Castle, a medieval  

意思是 "邊界"，對於一箇中世紀的多佛城堡來說，這個名字很合適。

fortress rising imperiously from the crest of  a grand hill, staring watchfully out to sea.

堡壘從宏偉的山峰上傲然而起，警惕地盯著大海。

Dover Castle sits looking out to sea, effectively  guarding the narrowest part of the channel.  

多佛爾城堡坐鎮望海，有效地守衛著海峽最狹窄的地方。

Much of the castle that we can see today dates  from the 1180s to the early 1200s but the site  

我們今天能看到的城堡大部分是在1180年代到1200年代早期，但該遺址

has been occupied for much, much longer than  that as we've seen at so many of our sites. In  

已經被佔用了很多，比這更長的時間，因為我們已經看到在我們的許多網站。在

some places, one has to look hard or to dig down  to find that deeper historical story but at Dover  

有些地方，要想找到更深層次的歷史故事，就得費盡心思或挖空心思，但在多佛爾

it's right here. In some cases that deeper story  is standing literally right in front of you,  

它就在這裡。在某些情況下，更深層次的故事就站在你面前。

four stories high. This is a remarkable  lighthouse, a Pharos, and it dates to the  

四層樓高。這是一座了不起的燈塔，是一座法洛斯燈塔，它的歷史可以追溯到19世紀。

first half of the second century AD. It appears  to have still been use as a lighthouse in the  

公元二世紀上半葉。它似乎仍被用作燈塔，在。

12th century, around 1000 years after it was  first built by the Romans. And the church of St  

12世紀，距羅馬人首次建造約1000年。而聖

Mary in Castro which lies directly alongside,  that might have been founded as early as the  

旁邊的卡斯特羅的瑪利亞，可能早在19世紀就已經建立了。

mid 7th century but the existing building, while  heavily restored, dates from around about 1000 AD.

7世紀中葉，但現存的建築雖然經過大量修復，但其年代大約在公元1000年左右。

But it's not all about looking into the deep  past. Dover Castle has always played a part  

但這並不完全是為了探尋深邃的過去。多佛城堡一直扮演著一個角色

in the defence of the realm and it played a part  in both world wars. The headland here is riddled  

在保衛王國的過程中，它在兩次世界大戰中都發揮了作用。這裡的岬角佈滿了

with tunnels, many of them first dug during the  Napoleonic wars and these were used as a base  

設有隧道，其中許多是在拿破崙戰爭期間首次挖掘的，這些隧道被用作基地。

from which to plan and execute various  operations including Operation Dynamo,  

在此基礎上規劃和執行包括 "迪納摩行動 "在內的各種行動。

the evacuation of troops from Dunkirk.

從敦刻爾克撤軍；

This unique site positively oozes history.  It's a location that has always been of central  

這個獨特的地點積極地散發著歷史的氣息。 它的位置一直是中心的。

importance to anyone looking to reign over  England and defend their land from the south.  

對任何希望統治英格蘭並從南方保衛他們的土地的人來說都很重要。

The continent, filled with rulers who've often  viewed England as a prize worth fighting for,  

大陸上，充滿了統治者，他們往往把英格蘭視為值得爭取的獎品。

lies less than 21 miles away over the water.

位於不到21英里遠的水面上。

More than 700 years ago, Dover Castle was  described as the Key of England and of course  

700多年前，多佛城堡被稱為英格蘭之鑰，當然也是英國之鑰

this place has been a key fortification throughout  its history. Taken together, the white cliffs and  

這裡在歷史上一直是重要的防禦工事。綜合來看，這裡的白色懸崖和

the castle have for a long time been a symbol, a  powerful symbol, of England, indeed of Britain.  

長久以來，城堡一直是一個象徵，一個強大的象徵，英國，實際上是英國的象徵。

Certainly this is absolutely true during the  second world war. But in the 19th century Dover  

當然，這在第二次世界大戰期間是絕對正確的。但在19世紀的多佛

was once described as "historic, cliff-guarded,  castle-crowned Dover" which I think is a beautiful  

曾被形容為 "歷史悠久、懸崖守護、城堡冠冕的多佛"，我認為這是一個美麗的。

way to look at this place. The channel that  the castle looks out on is undoubtedly a  

的方式來看待這個地方。城堡所眺望的通道，無疑是一個。

barrier but it also has to be seen very much as  a highway. It's always been used this way and  

屏障，但也要把它看成是一條高速公路。它一直被這樣使用，而且

it still is today. As much as it separates, it's  allowed people to communicate and for as long as  

今天依然如此。就像它的分離一樣，它讓人們得以交流，而且只要是

Britain has been separate from the continent  there's always been people plying the waters here  

英國從歐洲大陸分離出來後，一直有人在這裡活動。

especially as its narrowest point, and of course  that's still very much the case today when goods  

尤其是作為它的最窄處，當然這在今天仍然是非常重要的，當商品時

and people cross the water. If Pendennis feels  like it has a story of leave taking then Dover  

和人過水。如果說潘登尼斯覺得它有一個請假的故事，那麼多佛的

for me at least always has a very strong  sense of homecoming. For many the castle  

至少對我來說，總是有一種非常強烈的歸宿感。對許多人來說，城堡

and the cliffs would be the first thing they  saw as they came back to England from various  

而懸崖將是他們從不同的地方回到英國時首先看到的東西。

conflicts and travels. But of course for others  the castle is all about defence and defiance.

衝突和旅行。但當然對於其他人來說，城堡是關於防禦和反抗的。

The seafaring people of England have  blessed us with a rich singing tradition  

英國的航海者們給我們帶來了豐富的歌唱傳統。

packed with raucous shanties and sentimental  songs overflowing with longing and loss.  

充滿了喧鬧的小調和充滿了思念和失落的傷感歌曲。

A recurring theme we find is that of bloody  encounters with the supposedly treacherous French.  

我們發現，一個反覆出現的主題是，與所謂的奸詐的法國人的血腥遭遇。

These songs document clashes with England's  old enemy who'd venture out into the wild  

這些歌曲記錄了與英格蘭的老對手的衝突，他們敢於到野外去冒險

winds of the channel to do battle amongst  the waves. One of the finest of these songs,  

在海峽的風中，在海浪中戰鬥。是這些歌曲中最優秀的一首。

sung here for us by Mara Carlyle, is A Ship to  Old England Came. The lyrics tell the tale of  

這裡由馬拉-卡萊爾為我們演唱的是《一艘船來到了舊英格蘭》。歌詞講述了這樣一個故事

an English vessel that encounters a fleet  of French ships in the inky black night.  

一艘英國船在漆黑的夜裡遭遇了法國船隊。

They wait until sunrise to launch into the fray,  uncertain if they'll see the sun rise again.

他們一直等到天亮才發起戰鬥，不知道是否還能看到太陽昇起。