Name: 批判性思維如何改變遊戲 (How Critical Thinking Can Change the Game)
Uploaded: 2021-02-10T23:45:22.000Z
Duration: 2 min 10 s

程度副詞

the year is 1968 where at the Olympic Games in Mexico City, Dick Fosbury has just made a record breaking high jump, winning the gold medal and completely changing how future athletes approach the high jump.

這一年是 1968 年，在墨西哥城的奧林匹克運動會上，迪克 - 福斯伯裡剛剛取得了打破紀錄的跳高，贏得金牌和完全改變未來的運動員如何接近跳高。

But let's rewind and see how critical thinking played a part in getting Fosbury here.

但讓我們回過頭來看看批判性思維在讓福斯伯裡來到這裡的過程中是如何發揮作用的。

For years, high jumpers used a variety of techniques, all of which allowed for the jumper tow land on their feet.

多年來，跳高運動員使用了各種技術，所有這些技術都可以讓跳高運動員用腳拖地。

After clearing the bar, athletes assumed that these were the most optimal methods.

在清槓後，運動員們認為這些是最理想的方法。

But in high school, Fosbury tried them and found himself getting below average results.

但在高中時，福斯伯裡嘗試了這些方法，發現自己的成績低於平均水平。

So he asked himself, Mm, how else could I jump over this bar?

於是他問自己，嗯，我還能怎麼跳過這個欄杆？

Instead of accepting the norm, he began experimenting and came up with a new and different jumping method.

他沒有接受常規，而是開始嘗試，想出了一種新的不同的跳法。

He would jump and rotate in the air so that he went over the bar headfirst on his back.

他會在空中跳躍和旋轉，這樣他就會仰面翻過欄杆。

At the time, he was laughed at and criticized for this new method.

當時，他的這種新方法遭到了人們的嘲笑和責備。

It looked pretty silly and was so different from the typical methods.

看起來挺傻的，和一般的方法太不一樣了。

But it worked due to some unexpected benefits.

但由於一些意想不到的好處，它的工作。

It lowered Fosbury center of gravity, actually placing it below the bar, even though he himself was jumping over it.

它降低了福斯伯裡的重心，實際上是把重心放在了欄杆的下方，儘管他自己也是跳過去的。

This allowed him to use less energy while increasing his height, and by leaping backwards, he was reducing his chances of knocking the bar off with his arms and legs.

這樣一來，他在增加身高的同時，耗費的能量也少了，而且他向後跳，也是減少了用手腳把槓子打掉的機會。

Using this technique, Fosbury was jumping higher than anyone else on his high school track team.

利用這種技術，福斯伯裡比他高中田徑隊的任何人都跳得高。

He continued to hone this method in college and moved on to qualify for the Olympics.

他在大學裡繼續磨練這種方法，並繼續參加奧運會的資格賽。

Back in 1968 with Fosbury winning the Olympic gold medal, he took a problem not being able to jump particularly high and used critical thinking to come up with a solution, a new way of jumping that greatly improved his results to this day.

早在1968年福斯伯裡獲得奧運金牌的時候，他就把不能跳得特別高的問題，用批判性思維想出了一個解決方案，一種新的跳躍方式，大大提高了他的成績，直到今天。

Almost every high jumper uses this method, now known as the Fosbury flop.

幾乎每個跳高運動員都會使用這種方法，現在被稱為福斯伯裡翻轉。

 And so it just goes to show how critical thinking can both raise the bar and change the game. 

所以這正好說明批判性思維既能提高門檻，又能改變遊戲。