Name: 星星的顏色揭示了它的構成。 (What The Color Of A Star Reveals About Its Composition)
Uploaded: 2021-02-05T19:08:03.000Z
Duration: 5 min 50 s

程度副詞

from Earth stars can look very similar to each other, just a bunch of bright twinkles of light.

從地球上看恆星可以看起來非常相似，只是一堆明亮的閃爍的光。

情態副詞

But if you look carefully, you'll see that the stars air a whole array of different colors, and people have noticed this range of colors in the stars for a long time.

但如果你仔細觀察，就會發現星星上會空出一大堆不同的顏色，人們早就注意到了星星的這種顏色範圍。

In the first century BC Chinese astronomers recorded the star Beetlejuice in the Orion constellation as having a white or yellowish hue.

公元前一世紀，中國天文學家記載獵戶座的甲魚星具有白色或淡黃色的色調。

But many centuries later in the year 1 50 a.

Egyptian astronomer Ptolemy noted the stars readiness or red color, which is the same color it exhibits today.

埃及天文學家托勒密注意到了恆星的準備或紅色，這也是它今天所呈現的顏色。

While this may seem like a simple observation, this change in color over time actually indicates that the star went through a major change in its life cycle.

雖然這看起來只是一個簡單的觀察結果，但這種顏色隨時間的變化實際上表明，恆星在其生命週期中經歷了一次重大變化。

In general, noting the color of a star can tell us so much about its age, temperature and even its chemical composition, a good place for us to begin is by understanding what color actually is.

一般來說，注意到一顆恆星的顏色可以告訴我們很多關於它的年齡、溫度甚至化學成分的資訊，對於我們來說，一個好的開始就是了解顏色到底是什麼。

I'm talking about how he characterized the color of a star in astronomy.

我說的是他在天文學中如何描述恆星的顏色。

It's all about electromagnetic radiation, a form of energy that's all around us.

這一切都與電磁輻射有關，電磁輻射是一種能量形式，就在我們身邊。

This energy travels in waves and is generally separated into seven categories, depending on the frequency and length of these waves.

這種能量以波的形式傳播，根據這些波的頻率和長度，一般分為七類。

On one end of the spectrum, we have the quick first of gamma rays, X rays and ultraviolet radiation.

在光譜的一端，我們有伽馬射線、X射線和紫外線輻射的快速第一。

In the middle, we have a slim spectrum of visible light, thes air.

在中間，我們有一個纖細的可見光光譜，空氣。

The colors we can actually see and on the other end are the longer, slower wavelengths of infrared radiation, microwaves and radio waves.

我們能實際看到的顏色，另一端是波長較長、較慢的紅外輻射、微波和無線電波。

So the visible light we see is colors is really only a small fraction of the electromagnetic waves generated in the universe.

所以我們看到的可見光是顏色，其實只是宇宙中產生的電磁波的一小部分。

It's useful, then, that stars emit most of their energy as visible light.

這很有用，那麼，恆星發射的大部分能量都是可見光。

Think about turning on a gas stove at the bottom, where its hottest.

想想在底部開煤氣灶，那裡最熱。

The flame burns blue and white and up at the top of the flame, where it's cooler, it burns yellow orange.

火焰燃燒的是藍色和白色，而在火焰的頂端，那裡比較涼，它燃燒的是黃橙色。

The hotter the star, the more blue white it is in color.

Similarly, the cooler the star, the more orange or red it appears.

同樣，越是冷的恆星，越是呈現橙色或紅色。

Astronomers use a sort of thermometer for stars.

天文學家用一種溫度計來測量恆星。

Those stars emit multiple colors of wavelengths.

那些恆星發出多種顏色的波長。

At one time, the dominant color will win out and be a good indicator of its temperature and its a sliding scale to in terms of what other types of electromagnetic radiation of star is getting off the energy conflict into wavelengths that are invisible to the naked eye, which is why it's super useful to modern astronomers to be able to capture different types of electromagnetic radiation.

在一個時間，主導顏色將勝出，是一個很好的指標，它的溫度和它的一個滑動的規模，以在什麼其他類型的電磁輻射的恆星是得到關閉的能量衝突成肉眼看不見的波長，這就是為什麼它是超級有用的現代天文學家能夠捕捉不同類型的電磁輻射。

They do this using different types of telescopes, for example, to detect the hottest, most energetic stars or the hot glow of a stellar nursery you'd need to filter for ultraviolet.

他們使用不同類型的望遠鏡來實現這一目標，例如，要探測最熱、能量最強的恆星或恆星苗圃的熱光，你需要過濾紫外線。

There are other factors besides temperature that affect the stars color, including the distance of the star from Earth and the elements it's made off.

除了溫度之外，還有其他因素會影響恆星的顏色，包括恆星與地球的距離，以及恆星的元素構成。

So each element within a star is associated with a specific wavelength.

所以恆星內的每一種元素都與特定的波長有關。

By measuring the amount of energy of those wavelengths, we can tell the amount of hydrogen, helium and other various trace elements that air in a star.

通過測量這些波長的能量，我們可以知道恆星中空氣中氫、氦等各種微量元素的含量。

One way to see all of the individual wavelength is to pass a star's light through a filter on a telescope that takes out all the other kinds of light.

有一種方法是將恆星的光通過望遠鏡上的濾光鏡，將其他種類的光都剔除掉，從而看到所有的單獨波長。

The James Clerk Maxwell telescope does this in its own way by selecting very specific wavelengths to observe.

詹姆斯-克拉克-麥克斯韋望遠鏡以自己的方式做到了這一點，它選擇了非常特定的波長進行觀測。

It specializes in those at super low energy, So we're looking at the reddest deeper than the reddest red that any human could ever see.

它專攻那些超低能量的，所以我們要看的是比人類所能看到的最紅更深的紅。

So we see things that are cold in space or don't admit a lot of energy, at least nearby.

所以我們看到的東西，在空間裡是冷的，或者說不接納大量的能量，至少在附近。

So the two things that we really specialize in, our the formation and birth of stars and planets looking at the gas and dust between the stars that gives birth to new stellar systems on, we also specialize in looking at Galaxies that are very, very far away, near the beginning of our cosmic history to figure out where all of these large scale galactic structures in our universe first come from, there's a variety of different sort of hidden universes that are out there.

所以我們真正擅長的兩件事是，我們的恆星和行星的形成和誕生，研究恆星之間的氣體和塵埃，從而產生新的恆星系統，我們還擅長研究非常非常遙遠的星系，接近我們宇宙歷史的開端，以找出宇宙中所有這些大型星系結構的最初來源，有各種不同的隱藏宇宙。

When we look up at the night sky, our eyes only pick up a very small sliver of the total light that's actually coming in.

當我們仰望夜空的時候，我們的眼睛只能接收到實際進來的總光線中很小的一部分。

We need specialized instruments to see some of the physical material that's out there, and it admits that these different wavelengths it's amazing how a different filter or even type of telescope can completely change our perception of the night.

我們需要專門的儀器才能看到外面的一些物理物質，它承認這些不同的波長很神奇，不同的濾鏡甚至是望遠鏡的類型可以完全改變我們對夜晚的感知。

There's actually a good example of this that you can try for yourself if you live in the Northern Hemisphere.

其實有一個很好的例子，如果你生活在北半球，你可以自己嘗試。

There's a very famous star you confined in the constellation Cygnus called Al Berrio.

在天鵝座有一顆非常有名的星星，你被關在天鵝座，叫阿爾貝里歐。

You can find it at the beak of sickness, which is also the bottom of the Northern Cross.

你可以在疾病的喙處找到它，這也是北十字的底部。

Al Berio appears as a bright white star, but this is deceiving.

阿爾貝里歐以一顆明亮的白星出現，但這是騙人的。

With a simple telescope or even a steadily held set of binoculars, you can see that al Berio is actually two stars, one blue and one gold.

用簡單的望遠鏡甚至穩穩地拿著一副雙筒望遠鏡，就可以看到貝里歐其實是兩顆星，一顆是藍色的，一顆是金色的。

But again, when seen together with just your eyes, it appears blue white.

但同樣，如果只用眼睛看，就會出現藍白色。

It's an incredible example of how a pair of very differently colored stars can shift in appearance, depending on how we view them.

這是一個令人難以置信的例子，說明一對顏色非常不同的恆星是如何根據我們的觀察方式而改變外觀的。

Also, fun fact that Gold Star is actually also two stars, so the next time you have a chance to look at the night sky and a good light pollution free place.

另外，好玩的是，金星其實也是兩顆星，下次有機會看夜空，也是個無光汙染的好地方。

Look for Al barrio in the Northern Hemisphere, but it's the timing or location isn't right.

在北半球尋找阿爾巴里奧，但這是時間或地點不對。

Some are white, blue, orange, yellow or red.

有些是白色、藍色、橙色、黃色或紅色。

Thank you so much for watching this video about the colors of stars.

非常感謝你觀看這個關於星星的顏色的視頻。

My name is Sarah Finance, and this is seeker constellations.

我的名字是莎拉-財務，這裡是尋找者星座。

 If you have an astronomy related question or an idea for an episode topic, let us know down in the comments below, Thanks for watching. 

如果你有一個天文相關的問題或想法的情節主題，讓我們知道在下面的評論，謝謝觀看。