Name: 美國黑人如何塑造了今天的鄉村音樂？ (How Black People In America Shaped Today's Country Music)
Uploaded: 2021-02-04T18:25:42.000Z
Duration: 9 min 58 s

關係子句

When you think of country music, who do you think of?

當你想到鄉村音樂，你會想到誰？

Maybe it's Dolly Parton belting Jolene or Tim McGraw's iconic Southern drawl.

也許是多莉-帕頓（Dolly Parton）的《喬琳娜》（Jolene），或者是蒂姆-麥格羅（Tim McGraw）標誌性的南方口音。

Maybe it's something a little bit more modern, like Taylor Swift Love Story, which got a revival on ticks off this past summer.

也許是更現代一點的東西，就像泰勒-斯威夫特的愛情故事，它在去年夏天的滴滴上得到了復興。

Or maybe Gabby Barrett's top billboard country song, I hope or Maybe, Let's be honest, you just think of white people when you look at the country charts, black artists are far and few between, but that doesn't mean they don't exist.

或者是加比-巴雷特的頂級公告牌鄉村歌曲《我希望》或《也許》，說實話，當你看鄉村排行榜時，你只是想到了白人，黑人藝術家是遠遠不夠的，但這並不意味著他們不存在。

And actually, in many ways, black people in America have helped shape country music toe what it is today, even if they don't always get the recognition for it.

實際上，在很多方面，美國的黑人幫助塑造了鄉村音樂，使其成為今天的樣子，即使他們並不總是得到認可。

For many historians, the origins of modern day country music begin with bluegrass.

對於許多歷史學家來說，現代鄉村音樂的起源始於藍草。

Bluegrass relies on the acoustic sounds of string instruments, and the banjo is a staple.

藍草樂隊依靠絃樂器的聲響，班卓琴是主打樂器。

The banjo is a West African instrument brought over in the 16 hundreds via the transatlantic slave trade.

班卓琴是16世紀通過跨大西洋奴隸貿易帶過來的一種西非樂器。

Theme instruments were originally made out of boards and have been popular in the region way before American slavery started.

主題樂器最初是用木板製作的，早在美國奴隸制開始之前就已經在該地區流行起來。

Other instruments, like the fiddle and tambourines, were also integral to bluegrass and also had links to Africa now, as enslaved Africans were forced into the Americas.

其他的樂器，比如小提琴和手鼓，也是藍草音樂不可或缺的一部分，也和現在的非洲有聯繫，因為被奴役的非洲人被迫進入美洲。

They continued to make these instruments.

But black influence didn't stop their way.

但黑人的影響並沒有阻止他們的路。

Work calls and chance became lyrics to these sounds and thes chance, also known as spirituals.

工作電話和機會成為這些聲音的歌詞，而這些機會，也被稱為靈歌。

Help to tell stories, keep the pace and secretly spread information.

幫助講故事、守節奏，祕密傳播資訊。

For example, the songs of the Underground Railroad had secret coded directions to help slaves escape to the north.

例如，地下鐵路的歌曲有祕密密碼訓示，幫助奴隸逃往北方。

Fast forward a few 100 years and take this lyrical storytelling element with this acoustic string sound, and you got the foundation of country music now, while these spirituals were essential toe a slaves, motivation, survival and possible freedom.

快速前進了幾百年，並採取這種抒情故事元素與這種聲學字符串的聲音，你得到了現在的鄉村音樂的基礎，而這些靈歌是必不可少的一個奴隸，動機，生存和可能的自由。

How did this music enter into mainstream white Southern culture?

這種音樂是如何進入南方白人主流文化的？

Black Base By the 18 hundreds, music created by black people became popular within mainstream white music and minstrel shows helped bring these songs to the spotlight.

黑人基地 到了18世紀，黑人創作的音樂在白人主流音樂中開始流行，而吟遊詩人的表演則幫助這些歌曲成為焦點。

You see, minstrel shows were like, oh G American Theater.

你看，吟遊詩人的表演就像，哦，G美國劇院。

They usually would consist of variety comedy shows, think SNL, but like super racist.

他們通常會包括綜藝喜劇節目，認為SNL，但像超級種族主義者。

Since black performers weren't allowed in white spaces, white performers would paint their faces black play the banjo, fiddle and other bluegrass instruments and performed satirical slave songs and dances.

由於黑人表演者不被允許進入白人空間，白人表演者會把自己的臉塗成黑色，演奏班卓琴、小提琴等藍草樂器，表演諷刺奴隸的歌舞。

They would do skits and speeches in exaggerated black Southern dialect.

他們會用誇張的南方黑人方言表演小品和演講。

So essentially they stripped African slaves of their tribal cultures, made it illegal for them to speak their native language, made a reading English punishable by lashing or worse, and then created a theatrical art form to make fun of them for the music and dialects they were forced to create for themselves.

所以基本上，他們剝奪了非洲奴隸的部落文化，讓他們說自己的母語是非法的，讓讀英語的人受到鞭打或更糟的懲罰，然後創造了一種戲劇藝術形式，以嘲笑他們被迫為自己創造的音樂和方言。

Yep, that that's about right, Michelle shows help solidify, Ah, lot of negative black stereotypes, and it was still seen in film all the way up to the mid 20th century.

是的，這是對的，米歇爾的節目有助於鞏固， 啊，很多負面的黑人刻板印象， 它仍然是在電影中看到所有的方式，直到20世紀中期。

But despite the overall harm the satirical genre did for the black community, black music was starting to be taken seriously by white people for the first time and mainly because it was introduced to them in this non threatening way.

但儘管諷刺體裁對黑人社區造成了整體上的傷害，黑人音樂還是第一次開始被白人重視，主要是因為它是以這種非威脅性的方式介紹給他們的。

Unfortunately, there was no credit or representation given to the black artists that helped create the music.

遺憾的是，對於幫助創作音樂的黑人藝術家，並沒有給予肯定或代表。

Another precursor to modern day country music and a lot of other genres, was the Blues, which got its start in the 18 sixties as minstrel shows were starting to come down from their peak.

另一個現代鄉村音樂和許多其他流派的前身是藍調，它開始於1860年代，因為吟遊詩人的表演開始從他們的高峰期下來。

The sad, sultry minor tones within the slave spirituals made its way into the genre.

奴隸靈歌內的憂傷、悶騷的小調，使其成為流派。

Thes spirituals, call and response based lyrics were a way to create more unity and inclusion within the music experience and that carried over into blues as well.

靈歌、呼喚和迴應的歌詞是創造更多團結和包容的音樂體驗的一種方式，這一點也延續到了藍調中。

Now there are tons and tons of black blues artists, but many of them didn't get white mainstream acceptance until the following century, and even then they weren't given the same performance privileges as their white counterparts.

現在有大量的黑人藍調藝術家，但他們中的許多人直到下個世紀才被白人主流接受，即使如此，他們也沒有得到和白人同行一樣的表演特權。

And this inequality was the same in many other genres that were developing during the 20th century.

而這種不平等在20世紀發展的許多其他流派中也是如此。

Like jazz, rock and yeah, country, there has been and continue to be black country artists.

就像爵士樂、搖滾樂和對的鄉村音樂一樣，已經有並將繼續有黑人鄉村藝術家。

Country music is a blend of many different cultures and genres, but history doesn't always reflect this.

鄉村音樂融合了許多不同的文化和流派，但歷史並不總是反映這一點。

Things get a little messy once you learn that these iconic white artists actually got their trade from other black artists.

一旦你瞭解到這些標誌性的白人藝術家實際上是從其他黑人藝術家那裡得到他們的行業，事情就會變得有點混亂。

漢克-威廉姆斯是由魯弗斯-T指導的。

Johnny Cash was taught from an early age by Gus Cannon, and black guitar player Lesley Riddle was known as one of the pioneers of the finger picking guitar style favored by Maybelle Carter.

約翰尼-卡什早年曾受教於格斯-坎農，黑人吉他手萊斯利-裡德爾被稱為梅布爾-卡特所喜愛的指彈吉他風格的先驅之一。

And while legal segregation has been outlawed in the United States since the 19 sixties, Americans still have trouble giving black artists credit within the country.

而美國從1960年代開始就已經取締了法律上的種族隔離，但美國人在國內仍然難以給予黑人藝術家以榮譽。

John we owe moving into the eighties nineties and two thousands black country artists weren't charting, and country music had been seen socially as a white genre, and internalized prejudice within music management didn't really help.

約翰，我們欠移動 進入80年代90年代和兩千 黑人鄉村藝術家沒有圖表， 和鄉村音樂一直被視為社會 作為一個白色的流派，和內部化的偏見 在音樂管理並沒有真正的幫助。

In 1998 General manager of Curb Records Dennis Hannon insisted that quote for country music to be more well rounded.

1998年，Curb唱片公司總經理丹尼斯-漢農堅持認為，引用鄉村音樂要更加完善。

We would like to see more African American artists.

我們希望看到更多的非洲裔美國藝術家。

But he also said, if it is harder for African American artists to break into the industry, it's more of a lifestyle issue.

但他也表示，如果非裔美國藝術家更難進入這個行業，那更多的是生活方式的問題。

Likewise, in 2000 and six, Tammy Genovese of the Country Music Association rejected a reporter's suggestion that the industry had not attempted to gain black fans, telling the Guardian quote, The black communities.

同樣，在2000年和6年，鄉村音樂協會的Tammy Genovese拒絕了記者關於該行業沒有試圖獲得黑人粉絲的建議，告訴衛報報價，黑人社區。

Lifestyle is different from what we communicate with country music.

生活方式與我們用鄉村音樂傳達的內容不同。

Black people have their own types of music that they listen thio be that jazz, hip hop or whatever country singers in Nashville form to create the Black Country Music Association in the mid 19 nineties in hopes of giving black artists and avenue into the genre country singer Cleve Francis was one of the founders and described the national country music industry as one based solely unquote permission.

黑人有他們自己的音樂類型，他們聽thio是，爵士樂，嘻哈或任何國家歌手在納什維爾形成創建黑人鄉村音樂協會在中期19九十年代，希望給黑人藝術家和管道進入流派鄉村歌手克萊夫弗朗西斯是創始人之一，並描述了國家鄉村音樂產業作為一個完全基於unquote權限。

When it came to the black artists there, Francis himself had suffered from racism in the industry, especially at the hands of those who were supposed to be in charge of marketing and managing his career.

當涉及到那裡的黑人藝術家時，弗朗西斯本人也遭受了該行業的種族主義，特別是在那些應該負責營銷和管理他的職業生涯的人手中。

Despite these attempts, that inclusion, the genre today still faces hardships when it comes to representation.

儘管有這些嘗試，但這種包容，今天的流派在代表性方面仍然面臨困難。

Atlanta rapper Little Nas X Shattered Records with his debut hit, Old Town Road, in 2019.

亞特蘭大說唱歌手Little Nas X Shattered Records將在2019年推出他的首支主打歌《Old Town Road》。

From the topic to the tiny tone it waas as his producer described a country rap song.

從話題到微小的語氣都是waas，因為他的製作人描述了一首鄉村說唱歌曲。

I got the horses in the bag or stock is attached at his Maddie Black Got the Bushes, Black Man, and at first Billboard agreed.

我得到了馬在袋子裡或股票是附在他的麥迪黑得到了灌木叢，黑色的人，並在最初的廣告牌同意。

He was ranked on the Billboard country charts before Billboard decided to retract his ranking and exclude him from the category, Billboard told Rolling Stone quote.

在Billboard決定收回他的排名並將他排除在該類別之外之前，他被排在Billboard鄉村排行榜上，Billboard告訴滾石報價。

While Old Town Road incorporate references to country and cowboy imagery, it does not embracing the elements of today's country music to chart in its current version.

雖然《老城之路》融入了鄉村和牛仔的意象，但它並沒有接受當今鄉村音樂的元素，在目前的版本中進行榜單。

This was definitely not the first time a hip hop artist attempted to enter into country and was rejected.

這絕對不是第一次有嘻哈歌手嘗試進入鄉村，卻被拒絕。

Nelly and Tim McGraw, both Southern artists, made over and over in 2000 and four because its own it over and over.

耐莉和蒂姆-麥格羅，都是南方的藝術家，在2000年做了一遍又一遍，四是因為它自己的一遍又一遍。

It made not even a blip on the country charts Beyonce's Daddy Lessons on Lemonade with a textbook country Bob with his head held high.

它在鄉村榜單上連個小插曲都沒有碧昂絲的《爸爸教訓檸檬水》，還有一個教科書式的鄉村鮑勃昂首挺胸。

The songs, dramatic storytelling and use of traditional country instrumentals fit well into the genre, which led her to performing the song at the 2016 C.

歌曲、戲劇性的故事和傳統鄉村樂器的使用都很適合這種風格，是以她在2016年的C。

But country fans were pissed, according to the AP, Beyonce also tried to submit the record for a country Grammy, and submission was rejected.

但鄉村歌迷很生氣，據美聯社報道，碧昂絲也曾試圖將這張唱片提交給鄉村格萊美，提交被拒絕。

But this sort of exclusion doesn't stop at hip hop or R and B artists attempting to enter into the country space.

但這種排斥並沒有停止在嘻哈或R和B藝術家試圖進入鄉村空間。

Mickey Guidon arising black female country artists has commented both on the racism that faces black country artists and also the industry sexism.

Mickey Guidon產生的黑人女鄉村藝術家對黑人鄉村藝術家面臨的種族主義和行業性別歧視都發表了評論。

Do you think we live in the land of the free?

你認為我們生活在自由的土地上嗎？

You should try three that like she said, quote, I don't even realize how crazy what I'm doing is it really is hard for women to get played on country radio, period.

你應該嘗試三個，就像她說的那樣，報價，我甚至沒有意識到我正在做的事情有多瘋狂，這對女性來說真的很難在鄉村電臺上播放，期間。

我是否面臨額外的障礙，絕對是。

From the slave trade to Beyonce, black people have been shaping and contributing to country music since the start.

從奴隸貿易到碧昂絲，黑人自始至終都在塑造和貢獻著鄉村音樂。

And while the United States has made some progress in black representation in some genres of music and entertainment, it's important that history provides the holistic depiction off all of our contributions because black history is American history.

雖然美國在某些音樂和娛樂領域的黑人代表權方面取得了一些進展，但重要的是，歷史要全面描述我們的所有貢獻，因為黑人歷史就是美國曆史。

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美國黑人如何塑造了今天的鄉村音樂？ (How Black People In America Shaped Today's Country Music)

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