EVERYBODY.

每個人。

MY NEXT GUEST IS AN AUTHOR, JOURNALIST, AND OPINION

我的下一位客人是一位作家、記者和評論家。

COLUMNIST AT THE "NEW YORK TIMES."

"紐約時報 "的專欄作家。

PLEASE WELCOME CHARLES BLOW!

請歡迎查理斯-布勞！

CHARLES, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR BEING HERE.

查理斯，謝謝你來這裡。

>> I'M HAPPY TO BE HERE.

>> 我很高興來到這裡。

>> Stephen: NOW, AN OPINION COLUMNIST SOUNDS -- HEY, IT'S A

>> 史蒂芬: 現在，一個評論專欄作家發出了聲音 -- 嘿，這是一個。

GREAT OUTLET BUT IT ALSO SOUNDS LIKE A CHALLENGE.

偉大的outlET，但它也聽起來像一個挑戰。

THERE MUST BE TIMES WHEN YOU DON'T HAVE AN OPINION, WHERE

總有一些時候，當你沒有意見的時候，在哪裡？

YOU'RE, LIKE, AH, I GOT NOTHING.

你是，喜歡，啊，我什麼都沒有。

WHAT DO YOU WANT FROM ME?

你想從我這裡得到什麼？

>> I COULD WRITE THAT.

>> 我可以寫出來。

I COULD ACTUALLY SAY, I HAVE NOTHING, AND MAKE A COLUMN OUT

我真的可以說，我什麼都沒有，然後做一個專欄出來。

OF IT.

的。

I THINK I'VE DONE THAT ONCE OR TWICE.

我想我已經做了一次或兩次。

>> Stephen: WELL, YOU HAVE A LOT RIGHT NOW.

>> 斯蒂芬：好吧，你現在有很多東西。

YOU HAVE NO SHORTAGE OF OPINIONS RIGHT NOW, AND A LOT OF THEM ARE

你現在不缺意見，而且很多都是...

IN THE NEW BOOK, "THE DEVIL YOU KNOW."

在新書 "你所知道的惡魔 "中，

I'LL PUT IT RIGHT THERE SO WE GET THE BIG SHOT OF IT RIGHT

我把它放在這裡，讓我們得到它的大鏡頭。

OVER THERE.

在那裡。

AND IT'S A VERY SPECIFIC CALL TO ACTION.

這是一個非常具體的行動號召。

EXPLAIN TO THE PEOPLE WHAT YOU'RE PROPOSING HERE.

向人們解釋一下你在這裡提出的建議。

>> I'M SUGGESTING THAT PEOPLE REVERSE THE GREAT MIGRATION.

>> 我建議人們扭轉大遷徙的趨勢。

THE GREAT MIGRATION WAS THE OUTFLOW OF BLACK PEOPLE FROM THE

偉大的移民是黑人從美國湧出的。

RURAL SOUTH TO THE BIG CITIES OF THE NORTH AND WEST.

南部農村到北部和西部的大城市。

NEARLY HALF OF ALL BLACK PEOPLE LEFT THE SOUTH DURING THE GREAT

在大饑荒期間，幾乎有一半的黑人離開了南方。

MIGRATION.

移徙：

>> Stephen: THEY LEFT FOR OPPORTUNITY AND TO ESCAPE JIM

>> 史蒂芬：他們是為了機會和逃避吉姆而離開的。

CROW OF THE SOUTH.

南方之冠：

>> A PUSH AND PULL.

>> 一推一拉。

P PULL ALWAYS MORE ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY.

P拉永遠是更多的經濟機會。

A LOT OF YOUNG WHITE MEN HAD GONE TO FIGHT IN WORLD WAR I AND

很多年輕的白人男子都去參加了第一次世界大戰和

WORLD WAR II IN THE SECOND WAVE, AND FOR THE ABILITY TO BE PART

第二次世界大戰的第二次浪潮，併為有能力成為其中一員而努力

OF THEIR CIVIC ENVIRONMENT.

公民環境的影響。

THE PUSH WAS THAT, IN THE BEGINNING, THE COTTON CROP

一開始的時候，推送的是棉花作物。

FAILED BECAUSE OF THE BOWL WEEVIL INFESTATION, BUT, MORE

因碗狀病毒感染而失敗，但是，更多的是

IMPORTANTLY, THERE WAS WHITE TERROR.

最重要的是，有白色的恐怖活動。

THEY WERE BEING TERRORIZED OUT OF THE PLACE THEY HAD BEEN.

他們被恐嚇出他們曾經去過的地方。

>> Stephen: WHAT IS YOUR PROPOSED FLIP OF THE PUSH AND

>> 斯蒂芬：你建議的推陳出新是什麼？

THE PULL?

拉？

IS IT A NEW SOUTH IN OBVIOUSLY, MUCH HAS CHANGED IN THE SOUTH

這是一個新的南方，在顯然，許多改變在南方。

SINCE THE START OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS ERA.

自民權時代開始以來：

GEORGIA JUST HAD ITS FIRST BLACK SENATOR, BASICALLY THE REPUBLIC

格魯吉亞剛剛有了第一個黑人参議員，基本上是共和國的。

WAS JUST SAVED BY BLACK VOTERS, ESPECIALLY JIM CLYBURN IN

剛剛被黑人選民，特別是吉姆-克萊伯恩拯救了。

SOUTH CAROLINA JOE BIDEN IS THE GUY.

南卡羅來納州的喬-比登就是那個人。

WHAT DO YOU THINK ABOUT THE NEW SOUTH WOULD BE MOST BENEFICIAL

你認為新南區有什麼好處？

TO BL BLACK AMERICANS?

黑人美國人？

>> IT'S ABOUT THE SAME.

>> 都是一樣的。

HALF OF THE LIST IS IN THE SOUTH, WHERE BLACK AMERICA IS

名單的一半在南方，美國黑人在那裡。

THRIVING.

茁壯成長。

THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTE LOOKS AT WHERE MIDDLE INCOME IS

布洛克斯研究所研究中等收入在哪裡？

INCREASING, MUCH IS IN THE SOUTH.

增加，很多是在南方。

YOU LOOK WHERE BLACK-OWNED BUSINESSES ARE THRIVING, THE

你看看黑人擁有的企業在哪裡蓬勃發展？

NUMBER ONE IN THE COUNTRY IS IN THE SOUTHEAST.

全國排名第一的是在東南部。

THAT'S PART OF THE PULL.

這就是拉的一部分。

THE PUSH, JUST LIKE THE CRASH TO HAVE THE COTTON INDUSTRY, THE

推進，就像崩潰一樣，擁有棉紡行業，該。

PANDEMIC MAY WELL BE PART OF THE PUSH BECAUSE, YOU KNOW, IN THE

PANDEMIC可能是推動的一部分，因為，你知道，在...

SECOND QUARTER OF LAST YEAR WHEN WE BASICALLY SHUT DOWN THE

去年的第二季度，我們基本關閉了

ECONOMY OF AMERICA, THE PLACES HIT HARDEST, MANY OF THEM WERE

美國的經濟，受衝擊最嚴重的地方，其中許多是

THOSE PLACES IN THE NORTH AND WEST WHERE BLACK PEOPLE HAVE

北部和西部那些黑人曾經生活過的地方。

MIGRATED TO.

移民到：

THE BLACK UNEMPLOYMENT RATE IN CHICAGO IN THE SECOND QUARTER OF

黑人失業率在芝加哥第二季度的情況。

LAST YEAR WAS THREE TIMES THE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE OF BLACK

去年是黑人失業率的三倍。

PEOPLE IN ATLANTA.

人在亞特蘭大。

>> Stephen: YOU LIVE IN ATLANTA NOW.

>> 你現在住在亞特蘭大。

>> YES, I DO.

>> 是的，我願意。

>> Stephen: IT'S AN EXAMPLE OF HOW THE SOUTH IS CHANGING, HOW

>> 斯蒂芬：這是一個例子，說明南方如何變化，如何。

THERE'S DYNAMIC NEW ECONOMIES IN THE SOUTH.

南方有動態的新經濟。

WHERE ELSE IN THE SOUTH IS IT CHANGING?

南方哪裡有變化？

WHERE ARE THE BEING DRAWS RIGHT NOW?

現在的畫作在哪裡？

>> WELL ONE THING IMPORTANT TO REMEMBER IS THE FIRST TIME

>> 好了，有一件重要的事情要記住的是第一次

ATLANTA GOT A BLACK MAYOR WAS 1973, AND THAT WAS THE FIRST

亞特蘭大有一個黑人市長是1973年的事，那是第一次。

CITY IN ALL OF THE SOUTH TO HAVE A BLACK MAYOR, AND THEY DID IT

南方所有的城市都有黑人市長，而且他們做到了。

BECAUSE, IN 1970 WAS THE FIRST YEAR ATLANTA BECAME A MAJORITY

因為，1970年是亞特蘭大成為主要城市的第一年。

BLACK CITY.

黑城.

NOW THERE ARE 1200 MAJORITY BLACK CITIES IN AMERICA, 90% OF

現在，美國有1200個黑人佔多數的城市，其中90%的城市都是黑人。

THEM ARE IN THE SOUTH.

他們是在南方。

ALMOST EVERY MAJOR CITY IN THE SOUTH NOW HAS A BLACK MAYOR, AND

南部的大部分城市現在都有黑人市長，而且。

THESE ARE YOUNG PEOPLE, DYNAMIC PEOPLE.

這些都是年輕人，動態的人。

THE WHOLE CULTURE OF POLITICS IN THE SOUTH IS CHANGING.

整個南方的政治文化正在發生變化。

THE NEXT STEP IS TO TAKE THAT FROM A MUNICIPAL LEVEL TO A

下一步是將其從市級層面提升到省級層面。

STATE LEVEL, AND THAT IS WHAT GEORGIA PROMISES US BECAUSE THIS

州一級，這就是喬治亞州向我們承諾的，因為這

IS A STATEWIDE ELECTION ON THE PRESIDENTIAL LEVEL AND THE

全州選舉是否在總統一級進行？

SENATE LEVEL AND, IN BOTH THOSE CASES, BLACK PEOPLE WERE THE

在這兩起案件中，黑人都成為了 "黑衣人"。

MAJORITY OF THE COALITION THAT WOULD FLIP THE STATE FOR JOE

大多數聯盟會為了喬伊而翻轉州政府。

BIDEN, AND BLACK PEOPLE WERE THE MAJORITY OF THE COALITION THAT

比登和黑人是聯盟中的大多數，他們是：

SENT THOSE TWO SENATORS TO CONGRESS, AND IT WAS THE FIRST

把這兩位參議員送進了國會，這是第一次。

TIME IN AMERICAN HISTORY THAT BLACK PEOPLE HAVE BEEN A

美國曆史上黑人成為 "黑奴 "的時間。

MAJORITY OF A COALITION TO SEND SENATORS TO CONGRESS.

多數聯盟將參議員送到國會。

>> Stephen: WHAT DOES THE RESEARCH SUGGEST THE POLITICS IN

>> 斯蒂芬: 研究報告對中國的政治有什麼建議？

AMERICA TO BE LIKE IN THE GREAT MIGRATION HADN'T HAPPENED, IF WE

美國要像在大移民沒有發生，如果我們。

STILL -- IF ALL THOSE BLACK PEOPLE HAD STAYED THERE

仍然 - 如果所有這些黑人都留在了那裡

THROUGHOUT THE 20th CENTURY?

貫穿20世紀的?

>> SO IF THEY HAD STAYED, AND IF YOU HAD STILL GOTTEN THE CIVIL

>> 所以，如果他們留下來，如果你還能得到公民的認可，那就可以了。

RIGHTS ACT AND THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT, THEY COULD CONTROL UP TO 14

《權利法》和《選舉權法》的規定，他們可以控制多達14個國家。

AMERICAN SENATORS.

美國參議員：

THEY COULD CONTROL MORE ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTES THAN

他們可以控制更多的選舉學院投票比

CALIFORNIA AND NEW YORK STATE COMBINED.

加利福尼亞州和紐約州合併。

YOU WOULD NOT HAVE HAD -- IF THEY VOTE ALL OF THAT THE SAME

如果他們都投了同樣的票，你就不會有... ...

WAY THEY VOTE TODAY, YOU WOULD NOT HAVE HAD A REPUBLICAN

以他們今天的投票方式，你就不會有共和黨了

PRESIDENT IN THE LAST 50 YEARS.

過去50年中的總統：

THE ENTIRE SUPREME COURT WOULD LOOK DIFFERENT.

整個最高法院都會顯得不同。

HILLARY CLINTON WOULD HAVE WON IN 2016, EVEN IF SHE HAD LOST

希拉里-克林頓即使輸了，也會在2016年獲勝。

EVERY SINGLE ONE OF THE MIDWESTERN STATES.

中西部各州的每一個人。

>> Stephen: WE HAVE TO TAKE A QUICK BREAK, BUT WHEN WE RETURN

>> 我們必須快速休息一下，但是當我們回來的時候。

I WILL ASK CHARLES WHAT IT WAS THE LIKE TO TAKE HIS OWN ADVICE

我會問查理斯，接受自己的建議是什麼感覺？

AND MOVE BACK SOUTH.

然後向南移動。