like dermatology, plastic surgery, neurosurgery,  or something else highly sought after. The problem  

比如皮膚科、整形外科、神經外科，或者是其他很搶手的東西。問題是

is that you didn't quite nail your USMLE Step  1. But don't worry, all hope is not lost.

是你沒有完全搞定你的USMLE Step 1。但不要擔心，所有的希望並沒有失去。

Dr. Jubbal, MedSchoolInsiders.com.

朱波醫生，醫派內參網。

Residencies are overrun with applicants,  as we have too many freshly minted doctors  

住院醫師的申請者過多，因為我們有太多剛畢業的醫生。

graduating from medical school each year, but  not enough residency positions for all of them.

每年從醫學院畢業，但沒有足夠的住院醫師職位供他們全部畢業。

Confronted with over 100 applicants  for a single residency seat,  

面對100多個申請者的一個居住席位。

residency program directors need  a way to narrow down the list.  

住院項目主任需要一種縮小名單的方法。

For this reason, they use a "standardized  screening process", specific to each program,  

為此，他們採用 "標準化篩選流程"，具體到每個項目。

to reject approximately 50% of applicants.  This includes USMLE scores among other factors.

以拒絕大約50%的申請人。 其中包括USMLE成績等因素。

We often focus on USMLE scores as the end  all in terms of residency competitiveness.  

我們常常把USMLE成績作為住院醫師競爭力的終極目標。

But upon closer examination of the data, you'll  see there were a handful of students matching into  

但仔細查看數據後，你會發現有少數學生匹配到了

plastic surgery or dermatology or neurosurgery  with USMLE scores below 230. What gives?

整形外科或皮膚科或神經外科，USMLE成績低於230分。什麼給？

If you've ever wondered how to get inside  the mind of a residency program director  

如果你曾想知道如何瞭解住院醫師項目主任的心思，那麼你就會發現，你的心思是什麼？

to figure out what they care about,  you're in luck. Every two years,  

想知道他們關心什麼，你很幸運。每兩年一次

the NRMP surveys program directors from  all residencies and publishes the NRMP  

NRMP對所有駐地的項目主任進行調查，並公佈NRMP。

Program Director Survey, showing what factors  are most important in selecting applicants to  

項目主任調查，顯示在選擇申請人時哪些因素是最重要的。

interview. And this is a big deal – after all,  only 13% of applicants are offered an interview,  

面試。而這是一個大問題，畢竟只有13%的申請人獲得面試機會。

making it one of the most challenging  parts of the application process.

使其成為申請過程中最具挑戰性的部分之一。

USMLE Step 1 tops the list in the survey,  with 94% of programs citing it as important  

USMLE Step 1在調查中名列前茅，94%的項目認為它很重要。

with an average importance rating of 4.1. In  other words, they care about it quite a bit.  

的平均重要度為4.1。換句話說，他們相當在意。

In fact, approximately 2/3 of all  programs have a target score for Step 1.  

事實上，大約有2/3的計劃都有步驟1的目標分數。

This cutoff score varies based on the specialty.  On average, plastic surgery, orthopedic surgery,  

這個分界點根據專業不同而不同。 平均來說，整形外科、骨科。

and dermatology programs will have a cutoff much  higher, around 230 and sometimes even up to 240.  

和皮膚病學項目的截止日期會更高，230左右，有時甚至達到240。

On the other hand, programs like family medicine  and neurology have cutoffs closer to 200.

另一方面，像家庭醫學和神經病學等項目的截止日期接近200。

And if you really crush Step 1,  there are threshold scores above  

如果你真的粉碎了步驟1，有閾值分數以上的。

which you're almost guaranteed  an interview. For dermatology,  

其中你幾乎可以保證面試的機會。對於皮膚科。

that cutoff is on average 241, up to 251.  For plastic surgery, it's on average 248,  

該截止值平均為241，最高為251。 對於整形外科來說，平均是248。

up to 256 — the highest of any specialty.  For family medicine, it's 219, up to 223.

高達256--是所有專科中最高的。 對於家庭醫學來說，是219，高達223。

But wait a minute - USMLE  Step 1 is becoming pass/fail,  

但是，等一下--USMLE Step 1正在變成pass/fail。

therefore will this even matter?  As I've [discussed on my personal  

是以，這甚至會有問題嗎？ 正如我[在我的個人網站上討論過的

channel](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LrJ5i9afqP8),  this will largely shift the importance  

管道](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LrJ5i9afqP8)，這將在很大程度上轉移重要性

in applicant selection to other  factors, like Step 2CK. And besides,  

在申請人的選擇中，要考慮其他因素，如步驟2CK。此外。

this video isn't about telling you why crushing  USMLE is important. You already know that. We want  

這個視頻並不是要告訴你為什麼粉碎USMLE很重要。你已經知道了。我們希望

to know how else you can stand out and still match  into that competitive specialty without a 260.

要知道，在沒有260的情況下，你還能如何脫穎而出，還能匹配到那個競爭激烈的專業。

If you take a step back, you'll find that the  most important factors in screening applicants  

如果你退一步講，你會發現篩選申請人最重要的因素是什麼？

for interviews are largely high-level broader  assessments. The top 5 most important factors are

為面試主要是高層次的廣泛評估。最重要的5個因素是

1. USMLE Step 1/COMLEX Level 1 score 2. Letters of recommendation in the specialty 

1.USMLE Step 1/COMLEX 1級成績 2.專業的推薦信

3. Medical Student Performance  Evaluation (MSPE/Dean's Letter) 

3.醫學生成績評價（MSPE/院長函）。

4. USMLE Step 2CK/COMLEX Level 2CE score 5. Personal Statement

4.USMLE Step 2CK/COMLEX Level 2CE成績 5.個人陳述

Again, these are primarily summative  assessments. Your board exam scores  

同樣，這些主要是終結性評估。您的董事會考試成績

are proxies in assessing your mastery of  preclinical and clinical content. Your MSPE,  

是評估您對臨床前和臨床內容掌握程度的代理指標。你的MSPE。

or Dean's letter, summarizes your performance  as a student. At the end of the letter,  

或院長的信，總結你作為學生的表現。在信的最後。

they often use one of 4 keywords to indicate  the class quartile in which the student ranked,  

他們經常使用4個關鍵詞中的一個來表示該學生在班級中的排名四分位數。

even at supposed unranked programs. The letters of  recommendation from physicians in that specialty  

甚至在所謂的無等級的項目。該專業的醫生的推薦信。

summarize the opinions of experienced attendings  who have worked closely with you. Are you a good  

總結與你密切合作的有經驗的服務員的意見。你是一個好

"fit" for this field? And your personal  statement reflects your story and motives.

"適合 "這個領域？而你的個人陳述反映了你的故事和動機。

Without understanding the perspectives and  priorities of residency program directors,  

如果不瞭解住院醫師項目主任的觀點和重點。

most medical students poorly  allocate their time and energy,  

大多數醫學生的時間和精力分配不當。

placing too much emphasis on things that don't  matter, and too little on areas with a higher ROI.

把太多的重點放在不重要的事情上，而對投資回報率較高的領域強調得太少。

Understand that applying to residency is a  different beast than applying to medical school,  

要明白，申請住院醫師和申請醫學院是不同的野獸。

and what matters to medical schools isn't  necessarily the same as what matters to  

而醫學院的重要性不一定是相同的，什麼是重要的醫學院

residency programs. Let's take extracurriculars  for example. When applying to medical school,  

住校生項目。我們以課外活動為例。在申請醫學院的時候。

the depth of your extracurriculars are important  — do you have clinical exposure? How about  

你的課外活動的深度很重要--你有臨床經驗嗎？怎樣

volunteering and leadership experience? Medical  schools want to know you're well rounded, that  

志願服務和上司經驗？醫學院想知道你是一個全面的人，而且

you understand what medicine is about, and that  you're going into the field for the right reasons.

你明白什麼是醫學， 你進入該領域的原因是正確的。

But when you're applying to residency, you're  already well on your way to becoming a doctor.  

但當你在申請住院醫師時，你已經在成為醫生的路上走得很順利了。

Now the priority is seeing if you'll be a good  fit for that specialty and residency program.  

現在的首要任務是看你是否適合那個專業和住院醫師項目。

It's not a priority to them  if you were part of X or Y  

如果你是X或Y的一部分，這並不是他們的優先事項

student group. In fact, extracurriculars and  volunteering ranked at #19 in the survey.

學生群體。事實上，課外活動和志願服務在調查中排名第19位。

I'm not saying to avoid interesting organizations,  

我不是說要避開有趣的組織。

as they can offer value outside of your residency  application. In fact, being a co-founder of the  

因為他們可以提供你的居留申請之外的價值。事實上，作為聯合創始人的

Future of Medicine student group at my medical  school got the gears turning in my head,  

醫學院的 "未來醫學 "學生小組讓我腦海中的齒輪轉動起來。

resulting in me founding the Blue LINC biomedical  incubator that resulted in me falling in love with  

導致我創辦了Blue LINC生物醫藥孵化器，導致我愛上了。

entrepreneurship and innovation. And that  led me to starting Med School Insiders and  

創業和創新。而這也導致我創辦了醫學院內參和

Memm. But none of my residency interviewers  cared about the Future of Medicine group.

Memm.但我的住院醫師面試官沒有一個關心未來醫學組。

Similarly, many students obsess  about their preclinical grades.  

同樣，很多學生也會糾結於臨床前的成績。

Ask your school if the MSPE or dean's letter  is reflective of your preclinical grades.  

詢問你的學校，MSPE或院長的信是否能反映你的臨床前成績。

If so, strive to be in the top quartile. And  if your school has AOA, an honors society that  

如果是這樣，就爭取進入前四分之一。如果你的學校有AOA，一個榮譽社團，那就是

is based on ranking, try to meet the cutoff. But  if the letter doesn't reflect preclinical grades  

是根據排名來的，儘量滿足截止日期。但如果信中沒有反映出臨床前的成績

or you don't have an AOA chapter at  your school, focus on just passing  

或者你的學校沒有AOA分會，只需把精力放在通過

and spending extra time preparing for USMLE  or building your research publication list.

並花額外的時間準備USMLE或建立你的研究出版列表。

As a medical student, time is of the essence,  and it's imperative to be mindful of the  

作為一名醫學生，時間是最寶貴的，一定要注意到

opportunity cost of any given activity. Don't  be a robot, and don't forget to live your life.  

任何特定活動的機會成本。不要做機器人，不要忘記生活。

At the same time, understand that  time spent with a student club  

同時，要明白與學生社團相處的時間

means less time on other goals that will move  the needle on your residency application.

意味著更少的時間在其他目標上，這將推動你的住院醫師申請。

You already know it's important to do  your best on USMLE Step 1, Step 2CK,  

你已經知道在USMLE Step 1、Step 2CK上做到最好很重要。

and your clinical rotations. But how  did those students with sub 230 scores  

和你的臨床輪轉。但那些230分以下的學生是怎麼做到的？

match into plastics, derm, and neurosurgery?  

匹配到整形、皮膚和神經外科？

It comes down to three areas that can override  score cutoffs and compensate for deficiencies.

歸根結底，有三個方面可以凌駕於分數切入點，彌補不足。

First, it's a matter of who you know, and who is  in your corner. It's no surprise that students  

首先，這是你認識誰，誰在你身邊的問題。這並不奇怪，學生

pursuing a competitive specialty have the highest  odds of matching into their home program. It's  

追求有競爭力的專業，有最高的機率匹配到自己的母校項目。它的

simple human psychology and risk assessment —  you'll have a higher degree of direct interaction  

簡單的人類心理學和風險評估--你會有更高程度的直接互動。

with faculty and your program director,  including the opportunity to rotate there.  

與教師和你的項目主任，包括輪流在那裡的機會。

Assuming you exhibit strong performance and  impress them through clinical rotations,  

假設你表現出強大的性能，並通過臨床輪轉給他們留下深刻印象。

research, and perhaps supporting them  on their side projects or initiatives,  

研究，或許還可以支持他們的副業項目或舉措。

chances are they'll take a strong  liking to you. Comparing two candidates,  

他們有可能會對你產生強烈的好感。比較兩個候選人。

they'll favor the one who they know  personally and has a proven track record.

他們會傾向於一個誰，他們知道個人和有一個成熟的記錄。

You can still do this with faculty  at other programs, too. This is most  

你也仍然可以和其他項目的教員一起做。這是最

traditionally done through away rotations.  In 2020, that's going to be less common,  

傳統上通過客場輪換來完成。 在2020年，這種情況將不常見。

but you can still make connections outside the  formal rotation setting. For example, say you find  

但你仍然可以在正式的輪換設置之外建立聯繫。比如說，你發現

a faculty's clinical interests from their website  and reach out to them to assist with case reports  

從教師的網站上了解他們的臨床興趣，並與他們聯繫，協助他們撰寫病例報告。

or research articles remotely. If you're part of  a national organization committee, this is another  

或遠程研究文章。如果你是一個國家組織委員會的成員，這是另一個。

worthwhile opportunity to interact with faculty  committee members and build a relationship.

值得與院系委員會成員交流和建立關係的機會。

Beyond that, having faculty in your corner who are  willing to bat for your at application time can  

除此之外，在申請時，有願意為你打抱不平的教員可以

massively influence your outcomes, particularly  if you're applying to a smaller specialty where  

大大影響你的結果，特別是如果你申請的是一個較小的專業，在那裡

most faculty more or less know one another.  When you apply, they'll reach out to their  

大多數教員或多或少都認識對方。 當你申請的時候，他們會主動聯繫他們的。

contacts in residency programs to specifically  vouch for you and help you secure an interview.

住院醫師項目的聯繫人專門為你擔保，幫助你獲得面試機會。

These faculty advocates are most impactful when  they have significant direct contact with you.  

當這些教務倡導者與你有重要的直接接觸時，他們的影響最大。

After all, it's much more meaningful when a  faculty member has worked with you closely on  

畢竟，當一位教師與你密切合作時，它的意義就更大了。

research for 18 months and can speak to your  amazing skills and how any program would be  

研究18個月，可以說你的驚人技能和任何程序都會如何

lucky to have you. This isn't something you  can simply figure out at the last minute.  

幸運的是有你。這不是你能簡單地在最後一刻才想出來的。

Rather, you'll need to begin working  on this earlier during medical school.  

相反，你需要在醫學院期間更早地開始工作。

A great place to start is simply pursuing  research projects or interest groups in your  

一個很好的開始是簡單地追求你的研究項目或興趣小組。

particular specialty to find a faculty mentor.  You can also ask medical students and residents  

特定的專業來尋找教師導師。 您也可以詢問醫學生和住院醫師

who may offer more insight as to which faculty  members would be more receptive and helpful.

他們可能會更深入地瞭解哪些教員更容易接受和幫助。

Next, it should be no surprise that being prolific  with research can transform your application.  

接下來，多產研究可以改變你的應用，這一點也不奇怪。

Looking at the NRMP official match data, you'll  find that for many competitive specialties,  

從NRMP官方比賽數據來看，你會發現，對於很多競技類專業。

there is a large difference in the total number  

總數相差很大

of research items between those  who matched and those who didn't.

匹配者和不匹配者之間的研究項目。

Research is attractive because it  demonstrates initiative, work ethic,  

研究之所以有吸引力，是因為它能體現出主動性、工作熱情。

curiosity, and the pursuit of knowledge. Perhaps  more importantly, it helps programs look good  

好奇心，以及對知識的追求。也許更重要的是，它能幫助程序看起來很好。

when their residents and faculty publish  frequently, and it helps them secure funding.

當他們的住院醫師和教師頻繁發表文章時，這有助於他們獲得資金。

Standing out in research is often  a key differentiating factor.  

在研究中脫穎而出往往是一個關鍵的差異化因素。

I have 65 publications and abstracts primarily  in plastic surgery, and at every institution,  

我有65篇論文和摘要，主要是在整形外科，而且在各個機構都有。

interviewers loved talking about how I was  able to be prolific with research at such an  

面試官很喜歡談論我為什麼能在這樣的環境下多產研究。

unusual level. Some even told me they were  excited to have a future resident like me  

不尋常的水準。有的人甚至告訴我，他們很高興能有一個像我這樣的未來的居民

to help them push through various  projects they've been working on.

來幫助他們推進他們一直在做的各種項目。

Ever since [the video on my personal  channel explaining my research  

自從[在我的個人頻道上播放了解釋我的研究的視頻後。

experience](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H9aMenyBdkk),  I've had a large number of students asking  

經驗](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H9aMenyBdkk)，我有大量的學生問過

for specifics on how they can do the same. There's  a great deal of complexity and nuance to it,  

以瞭解他們如何做到這一點的具體細節。這裡面有很大的複雜性和細微差別。

much more than a single video can encompass, so  I'm considering making a course. To gauge interest  

遠遠超過一個視頻所能包含的內容，所以我正在考慮製作一個課程。為了衡量興趣

and see if it's worthwhile, drop a comment below  if you'd like me to work on a research course.

並看看是否值得，如果你想讓我做一個研究課程，請在下面留言。

Lastly, a highly compelling ERAS application and  personal statement can make a huge impact on your  

最後，一份極具說服力的ERAS申請和個人陳述會對你的申請產生巨大影響。

competitiveness. But this is much easier said than  done. Many applicants write a personal statement  

競爭力。但這說起來容易做起來難。很多申請人在寫個人陳述時

or have other components of their ERAS application  that holds them back in some way. Others write an  

或者他們的ERAS應用中有其他組件在某種程度上阻礙了他們。其他人則編寫了一個

application that doesn't hurt or help them much.  And only a small minority are able to craft an  

應用，對他們沒有什麼傷害和幫助。 而只有少數人能夠精心製作一個

ERAS application and personal statement that  truly serves as an asset to improve their chances.

ERAS申請和個人陳述，真正起到提高自己機會的作用。

Your application should make the reader want  to meet you, while also highlighting the  

你的申請應該讓讀者想見見你，同時也要突出你的

aspects of your application that would  make you a great fit at their program.  

你的申請中，有哪些方面會讓你很適合他們的項目。

Depending on your experiences and the program's  priorities, this can be anything from specific  

根據你的經驗和項目的優先級，這可以是任何東西，從具體的?

research interests to advocacy work,  and anything between. We have some  

從研究興趣到宣傳工作，以及兩者之間的任何事情。我們有一些

example personal statements on the Med School  Insiders website that show a range of essays.  

醫學院內參網站上的個人陳述範例，展示了一系列的文章。

One was so strong that the applicant was  told their essay was the main reason they  

其中有一個很強，申請者被告知他們的論文是他們的主要原因。

were offered an interview at MGH and a few other  elite programs, despite having weaker USMLE scores  

儘管USMLE成績較弱，但還是獲得了MGH和其他幾個精英項目的面試機會。

and minimal research. You can sign up at the  link in the description to receive your free  

和最小的研究。您可以通過描述中的鏈接註冊，以獲得您的免費的

copies of those essays, including commentary  explaining the essays' strengths and weaknesses.

這些文章的副本，包括解釋這些文章優缺點的評論；

Getting into your dream specialty can be  overwhelming - I was there not too long ago.  

進入夢想中的專業可能會讓人不知所措--不久前我也是這樣。

But by intelligently approaching your application  and prioritizing your energy and efforts based on  

但是，通過智能地處理您的應用，並根據您的精力和努力的優先級來確定

relative yield, you should be able to better  position yourself for a successful match.  

相對收益率，你應該可以更好地定位自己的成功匹配。

Keep in mind your stage in training too. In  your preclinical years, focus on optimizing  

也要記住你的訓練階段。在臨床前的幾年裡，專注於優化

for USMLE Step 1 performance and dip your toes  into research. In your third and fourth year,  

為USMLE Step 1的表現，並涉足研究。在你的第三年和第四年。

prioritize clerkship grades, because those matter,  and set yourself up for success on Step 2CK.

優先考慮文書成績，因為這些很重要，併為自己在步驟2CK上的成功做好準備。

If you need help with any step of the  process, from USMLE and shelf tutoring  

如果您需要任何步驟的幫助，從USMLE和架上輔導。

to optimizing your research to fine tuning  your personal statement or interview skills,  

到優化你的研究，再到微調你的個人陳述或面試技巧。

visit us on MedSchoolInsiders.com. Our Insiders  are superstars in their respective fields,  

訪問我們的MedSchoolInsiders.com。我們的內部人士是各自領域的超級明星。

representing almost every specialty, from  plastic surgery and neurosurgery to derm, ortho,  

幾乎代表了所有的專業，從整形外科、神經外科到皮膚科、骨科。

anesthesia, radiology, psych, and much more. When  building out our services, we found a common issue  

麻醉科、放射科、心理科等等。在構建服務體系時，我們發現了一個共同的問題

plaguing other companies in the industry – lack  of consistency and expertise. One student may  

困擾行業內其他公司的問題--缺乏一致性和專業性。一個學生可能

get assigned a great advisor or tutor, and the  next may get unlucky. That's simply not fair.  

被分配到一個很好的顧問或導師，而下一個可能會變得不幸運。這簡直是不公平的。

Just as I obsess about my personal systems,  we obsessed over creating the best tutoring  

就像我執著於我的個人系統一樣，我們也執著於創造最好的輔導。

and advising experience for aspiring future  doctors. We've shaken things up, innovating  

併為有志於未來的醫生提供諮詢經驗。我們已經動搖了，創新了

with systems that offer a consistently  elevated and high quality experience,  

用系統提供持續提升的高品質體驗。

with results that speak for themselves. And unlike  others, we have the experience and expertise to  

結果不言而喻。與其他公司不同的是，我們擁有豐富的經驗和專業技術，可以做到

back up our claims. These are the same systems  that helped me score in the high 260's on USMLE,  

支持我們的主張。這些都是幫助我在USMLE上取得260分高分的系統。

secure 65 research publications, match into  plastic surgery in Southern California,  

確保65篇研究論文，匹配到南加州的整形外科。

while also starting multiple profitable  companies. We'll teach you the methods and  

同時還可以創辦多家盈利的公司。我們將教你方法和

help you achieve your version of success.  Visit MedSchoolInsiders.com to learn more.

幫助你實現你的成功版本。 訪問MedSchoolInsiders.com瞭解更多。

If you enjoyed this video, check out my video  on securing 65 research items or this video  

如果您喜歡這個視頻，請查看我的視頻，確保65個研究項目或這個視頻。

comparing medical school and residency.  Much love, and I'll see you guys there.

比較醫學院和住院醫師。 很多愛，我們那裡見。