I'm Tom. Joining me this week is Catherine. Hi Catherine.

我是湯姆這周和我一起的是凱瑟琳嗨，凱瑟琳。

Hello Tom and hello everybody.

湯姆你好，大家好。

Yes, today's story is about travel restrictions

是的，今天的故事是關於旅行限制的

that the UK government has recently brought into force.

英國政府最近實施的。

Don't forget – if you want to test yourself on the language from today's episode,

不要忘了--如果你想測試一下自己的語文，從今天的節目。

we have a quiz on bbclearningenglish.com.

我們有一個測驗在bbclearningenglish.com。

Now, let's take a listen to this BBC Radio 4 news report:

現在，讓我們來聽聽英國廣播公司第四臺的新聞報道。

Yes. So, the UK government is forbidding entry to the UK

是的，所以，英國政府禁止進入英國。

except if you have been able to provide evidence of a negative Covid test

除非你能提供Covid測試陰性的證據。

before you start your journey. They are doing this in an attempt

在你開始你的旅程之前。他們這樣做是為了

to restrict the movement of new variants of coronavirus.

以限制冠狀病毒新變種的移動。

And we have three words and expressions we can use to talk about this story, right?

而我們有三個詞和表達方式可以用來談論這個故事，對吧？

Yes. We have: 'corridors', 'bid' and 'axed'.

是的，我們有：我們有。"走廊"，"投標 "和 "斧頭"。

'Corridors', 'bid' and 'axed'.

'廊'、'標'、'斧'。

Let's take a look. Catherine, can we have your first headline please?

讓我們來看看凱瑟琳，我們可以有你的第一個標題，好嗎？

Certainly. We are here in the UK for our first headline with Sky News – the headline:

當然，我們在英國的第一個頭條是天空新聞。我們現在在英國為大家帶來天空新聞的第一個頭條--頭條。

'Corridors' – narrow routes.

'走廊'--窄路。

Catherine, what can you tell us about 'corridors'?

凱瑟琳，關於 "走廊 "你能告訴我們什麼？

'Corridors' is a plural noun, Tom,

'走廊'是個複數名詞，湯姆。

and the spelling is: C-O-R-R-I-D-O-R-S – 'corridors'. Now..

而拼寫是：C-O-R-R-I-D-O-R-S - "走廊"。現在...

'Corridors' – narrow routes – now, I thought 'corridors' were something in your house.

'走廊'--窄路--現在，我以為'走廊'是你家的東西。

You're quite right. Most people have a 'corridor' in their house or apartment.

你說的很對。大多數人的房子或公寓裡都有一條 "走廊"。

It is a narrow kind of hallway; it's just a space that leads to rooms.

這是一種狹窄的走廊，它只是一個通向房間的空間。

So, usually long and narrow with lots of doors.

所以，通常長而窄，門多。

Its only purpose is to take you from one part of your house to another part.

它的唯一目的是把你從房子的一個部分帶到另一個部分。

So, it is another kind of narrow route – a literal one. What is a 'travel corridor' though?

所以，這也是另一種窄路--字面意思。不過，什麼是'旅行走廊'呢？

Well, a 'travel corridor' is also a route.

嗯，'旅行走廊'也是一條路線。

In this case, a 'travel corridor' – at the moment – is an agreement

在這種情況下，"旅行走廊"--此刻--是一種協議。

between two countries to allow travel between those countries.

兩國之間，允許這些國家之間的旅行。

We have a lot of places we're not allowed to travel to at the moment

我們現在有很多地方是不允許去的。

because of coronavirus, but if two countries agree –

因為冠狀病毒，但如果兩個國家同意-----。

yes, you can travel from this country... our country to your country –

是的，你可以從這個國家... ... 我們的國家到你的國家 -

that's known as a 'travel corridor'. It's a narrow route between two countries.

這就是所謂的 "旅行走廊"。這是兩條國家之間的狹窄路線。

So, what the headline is saying is that these travel corridors,

所以，頭條的意思是，這些出行通道。

these narrow routes between countries, are going to close now, right?

這些國家間的狹窄路線，現在要關閉了吧？

Exactly that, yes.

正是如此，是的。

OK. So, travel through travel corridors is restricted,

好吧所以，通過旅行走廊的旅行受到限制。

but we are not restricted from travelling onto our next section...!

但我們並沒有被限制進入下一個環節...!

So let's... so let's have a look at that slide please:

所以讓我們... 所以讓我們看看那張幻燈片，請。

OK. We have another programme about travelling within certain boundaries, don't we?

好吧，我們還有一個關於在一定範圍內旅行的節目，不是嗎？我們還有一個關於在一定範圍內旅行的節目，不是嗎？

Yes. This one's all about microadventures:

是的，這個是關於微型冒險的。

small adventures that you've always wanted to have.

小冒險，你一直想有。

And you can find out more by just clicking the link.

而你只要點擊鏈接就可以瞭解更多。

Clicking the link. Perfect.

點擊鏈接。完美的。

OK. Catherine, can we have a look at your second headline please?

好吧，我知道了凱瑟琳，我們可以看一下你的第二個標題嗎？

And we're still in the UK with The Sun – the headline:

而我們還是在英國的《太陽報》--頭條。

'Bid' – attempt to achieve.

'投標'--企圖實現。

Catherine, what can you tell us about 'bid'?

凱瑟琳，你能告訴我們什麼是 "競標 "嗎？

'Bid' is a noun in this headline, although it can also be used as a verb.

'投標'在這個標題中是一個名詞，不過也可以用作動詞。

Its spelling, whether it's a noun or a verb, is the same.

它的拼寫，無論是名詞還是動詞，都是一樣的。

Simple three-letter word: B-I-D – 'bid'.

簡單的三個字母單詞：B-I-D--"投標"。

So, what... so, this 'bid' belongs to the PM – what's a 'PM' in the headline?

所以，什麼......所以，這個'競標'是屬於總理的--標題裡的'總理'是什麼？

Oh yes, 'PM' means 'prime minister'.

哦，對了，'PM'就是'總理'的意思。

At the moment the British prime minister is Boris Johnson.

目前，英國首相是鮑里斯-約翰遜。

So what's the... what's the sort of...

那麼什麼是... 什麼是那種...

what's the article going to talk about from the headline?

從標題看，文章要談什麼？

Well, what we're talking about here in this article is the prime minister's attempt

好吧，我們在這篇文章中談論的是首相的企圖。

to close the travel corridors and the headline's saying that this might be quite difficult.

關閉旅遊通道，而頭條的說法是，這可能相當困難。

So, the use of the word 'bid' is talking about an effort:

所以，用 "競 "字是在說一種努力。

an attempt, something he's trying to do.

一種嘗試，他想做的事情。

So, would we use this word 'bid' as, sort of, a synonym for 'attempt'

那麼，我們是否可以用 "競標 "這個詞作為 "嘗試 "的同義詞呢？

in kind of normal, day-to-day life?

在一種正常的，日常的生活？

Not so much. You wouldn't say, 'I'm going to make a bid to make a chicken curry tonight.'

沒那麼多。你不會說："我今晚要去競標做咖喱雞。

You would say, 'I'm going to try...'

你會說，"我要試試...

Or a 'bid' to go down the shops...!

或者是'競標'下店...!

Yeah, exactly that. So, it's used much more in kind of –

是的，正是這樣。所以，它的使用更多的是在那種 -

when we're talking about organisations, important individuals –

當我們談論組織，重要的個人 -

kind of attempts to do major, important, significant things.

種嘗試做重大、重要、重大的事情。

And I think it probably comes up in headlines a lot, as you say,

我想，正如你所說，它可能經常出現在頭條新聞中。

because it's very short: there's only three letters.

因為它很短：只有三個字母。

One of those words our newspapers absolutely love.

其中一個詞我們的報紙絕對喜歡。

Yeah. Are there any collocations or like, you know,

是的，有什麼聯繫嗎？是否有任何搭配或喜歡，你知道，

regular verbs that we use with this noun 'bid'?

常規動詞，我們用這個名詞'競價'？

Well, you 'make a bid' is a really... a really strong way of saying it.

嗯，你 "出價 "是一個非常... 一個非常強烈的說法。

You can 'make a bid to do' something or you can 'make a bid for' something.

你可以 "出價做 "某件事，也可以 "出價做 "某件事。

Kind of like 'make an effort' to do something, right? Similar structure.

有點像'努力'去做某件事，對吧？類似的結構。

And there's a... one of my favourite fixed expressions with 'bid'.

還有一個... ...我最喜歡的固定表達方式之一的 "競價"。

Let's have it. What is it? You tell me!

讓我們擁有它。什麼東西？你告訴我！

To 'make a bid for freedom' – do you know this one?

要'爭取自由'--這個你知道嗎？

Very much so – I do. 'Try to escape': if you try to escape you 'make a bid for freedom'.

很有道理--我是這樣想的。'試圖逃跑'：如果你試圖逃跑，你就'爭取自由'。

Yes, my cat 'made a bid for freedom' the other day.

是的，前幾天我的貓咪 "爭取自由"。

She's not allowed out of the front door.

她不能從前門出去。

She saw me open it and she escaped as fast as she could, but I caught her.

她看到我打開了，她以最快的速度逃了出來，但我抓住了她。

Yeah. And probably if... probably if you were in an airport in the UK last weekend,

是啊，可能如果...可能如果... ... 可能如果你在一個機場 在英國上週末。

this one just finished, you would be 'making a bid for freedom' –

這個剛剛完成，你會是'爭取自由'-------。

you'd be trying to escape the UK before the travel corridors close.

你會在旅行通道關閉前試圖逃離英國。

Good example, yes.

好例子，是的。

Thank you very much. OK. Let's make a bid for freedom to get to our next section.

非常感謝你。好了，讓我們為自由而努力吧讓我們為自由競標，進入下一個環節。

So, there are all different kinds of 'bids'.

所以，有各種不同的 "標書"。

Catherine, you've selected a video from the archive, right?

凱瑟琳，你從檔案中選了一段視頻，對嗎？

Yes, this one is about various countries making 'bids' to host the upcoming Olympic Games.

是的，這個是關於各個國家 "申辦 "即將到來的奧運會。

And you can find out more by clicking the link.

而你可以通過點擊鏈接瞭解更多。

Catherine, can we have your third headline please?

凱瑟琳，能不能把你的第三個標題給我們？

Yes. We're at The Independent, still in the UK – the headline:

是的，我們在《獨立報》，還是在英國。我們在《獨立報》，還是在英國，頭條。

'Axed' – cut or reduced without warning.

'Axed'--在沒有警告的情況下削減或減少。

What can you tell us about the word 'axed', Catherine?

你能告訴我們關於 "斧頭 "這個詞嗎，凱瑟琳？

Yes. 'Axed' – A-X-E-D – lovely pronunciation: it's 'axed' with a 'ks-t' at the end.

是的。"Axed"--A-X-E-D--可愛的發音：它是 "axed"，末尾是 "ks-t"。

Give it a go, Tom! See how good you are.

來吧，湯姆！看看你有多厲害

'Axe.' 'Axe' – so the '-ed' is a 't' – so it's 'axed.'

'Axe'。'Axe'--所以'-ed'是個't'--所以是'axed'。

'Axed'. 'Axed'. That's a verb – the verb infinitive is: A-X-E – 'axe'.

"Axed"。"Axed"。那是個動詞--動詞不定式是。A -X -E - "斧頭"。

And 'axe' is also a noun: it refers to a piece – a tool actually –

而'斧頭'也是一個名詞：它指的是一件東西--實際上是一種工具。

that you can use for cutting things. Do you have an axe at home, Tom, at all?

你可以用它來切割東西湯姆，你家裡有斧頭嗎？

I don't here, Catherine, no – because I live in the middle of London

我不在這裡，凱瑟琳，不--因為我住在倫敦市中心

so we don't really need an 'axe', but at home in the countryside, yeah:

所以我們並不真的需要一把 "斧頭"，但在農村的家裡，是的。

my dad has an 'axe' – a tool for chopping wood normally.

我爸爸有一把 "斧頭"--平時砍柴的工具。

Chopping wood, yeah. So, it's a big... you get a sort of big, long handle

砍木頭，是的。 所以，這是一個大...所以，這是一個大... ... 你得到一種大的，長的手柄。

with a big, sharp piece of metal at one end

一頭大，尖銳的金屬片。

and then you grab this handle and you swing the 'axe' behind you

然後你抓住這個手柄，然後把 "斧頭 "揮向身後

and you bring it round really, kind of, aggressively.

你把它圓真的， 樣的，咄咄逼人。

You hit a tree or a piece of wood with the metal at the end

你用末端的金屬敲擊一棵樹或一塊木頭。

and it breaks into pieces: it's a very, very dramatic action.

而且它碎成了碎片：這是一個非常非常戲劇化的動作。

It's a strong powerful tool: a weapon, often – an axe can be a weapon.

是一種強而有力的工具：武器，往往--斧頭也能成為武器。

So, this – to 'axe' something – means to cut it dramatically.

所以，這個--"斧頭 "的意思是大幅度地砍掉一些東西。

Not just trees: you probably don't 'axe' a tree – you 'cut a tree down' with an axe –

不僅僅是樹：你可能不會 "斧頭 "一棵樹--你用斧頭 "砍樹"--。

but if you 'axe' a service, or if you 'axe' jobs, or in this case if you 'axe' a travel corridor,

但是，如果你 "砍 "了一項服務，或者你 "砍 "了工作，或者在這種情況下，如果你 "砍 "了一條旅行走廊。

you stop it dramatically or you reduce it greatly,

你急劇停止或大大減少它。

and it has a big, big impact and usually with very little warning.

而且它的影響很大很大，通常很少有預警。

That is an excellent explanation there, Catherine.

這是一個很好的解釋，凱瑟琳。

I can hear you getting very, sort of, into the dramatic spirit of axing things...

我可以聽到你變得非常，有點， 進入戲劇性的精神 斧頭的東西... ...

I'm passionate about axes, Tom!

我熱衷於斧頭，湯姆！

But yeah, if you look at the headline as well – if you look at the page –

但是，是的，如果你看一下標題以及--如果你看一下頁面--。

you know, it's a black background, it's all capitals:

你知道，這是一個黑色的背景， 它是所有的大寫字母。

this is... this word 'axe' really makes a statement.

這是... ... 這個詞'斧頭'真的讓一個聲明。

It does, yes. And another... that's another reason why newspapers love it.

是的，是的。還有一個... 這也是報紙喜歡它的另一個原因。

It's a short word and it's a dramatic word; it's much better than 'cut' or 'stop'.

這個詞很短，而且很有戲劇性，它比'切'、'停'要好得多。

And do we have any sort of expressions or wider uses of 'axe'?

我們有什麼表達方式或更廣泛地使用'斧頭'嗎？

Yes. We can say if you 'take an axe to something', you cut it;  you stop it,

是的，我們可以說我們可以說，如果你 "拿斧頭砍東西"，你就砍它，你就阻止它。

you know, violently, dramatically, without warning.

你知道，猛烈地， 戲劇性地，沒有警告。

So, you could have said that the UK government has 'taken an axe to travel corridors.'

所以，你可以說，英國政府對出行通道 "動了斧頭"。

And we could use it for other figurative things as well, right?

而且我們還可以用它來做其他形象化的東西，對吧？

So, we could say, 'Hopefully they're not going to take an axe to News Review,

所以，我們可以說，'希望他們不會對《新聞評論》開刀。

or any of our programmes.'

'或我們的任何方案。

I hope not! I hope not! I'll have nothing to do on Mondays!

我希望不要！我希望不要！週一我就沒事可做了！

Hopefully, we will be here with you for some time.

希望我們能在這裡陪你一段時間。

OK. Thank you Catherine. Let's get a look at that slide please:

好的，謝謝你，凱瑟琳謝謝你凱瑟琳。讓我們看看那張幻燈片，請。

OK. Catherine, can you recap today's vocabulary please?

好的凱瑟琳，你可以回顧一下今天的詞彙嗎？

Yes. We had: 'corridors' – narrow routes.

是的，我們有：我們有。"走廊" -- 狹窄的路線。

We had: 'bid' – attempt to achieve.

我們有。"投標"--試圖實現。

And we had: 'axed' – cut or reduced without warning.

我們有。"斧頭"--無預警地削減或減少。

Don't forget – if you want to test yourself on the language that we presented today,

不要忘記--如果你想測試一下自己今天所介紹的語言。

there is a quiz at bbclearningenglish.com

在bbclearningenglish.com有一個測驗。

and of course we are all over social media as well.

當然，我們也在社交媒體上。

That's it from us for today, so goodbye...

今天就到這裡吧，再見... ...

Goodbye!

再見！

...and see you next time.

...下次見