Name: 你信以為真的7個大腦迷思 (7 Myths About The Brain You Thought Were True)
Uploaded: 2020-12-26T21:01:10.000Z
Duration: 2 min 44 s

The brain is amazing and complex but our lack of understanding has led to a great variety of myths throughout the years, like "bigger is better".

大腦充滿驚奇而又複雜，但我們對它的無知導致人們多年來對大腦存有各種迷思，像是認為腦袋「越大越好」。

情態助動詞 B1

While this may be true for some other organs, you only need to look at a sperm whale's brain, which is nearly 6 times larger than a human's, to see this myth fall apart.

雖然某些器官的確是越大越好，但你只要看看抹香鯨那比人類大上 6 倍的腦袋，這迷思便不攻自破。

程度副詞

Yes, they're certainly intelligent animals, but their cognitive skills pale in comparison to our own.

抹香鯨的確是很聰明的動物，但與人類相比，牠們的認知能力相形見絀。

Had a fun night out? Don't worry, alcohol doesn't actually kill your brain cells.

昨天徹夜狂歡嗎？別擔心，酒精不會真的「殺死」你的腦細胞。

Although it does cause damage and creates problems conveying messages between neurons, the damage is mostly reversible.

酒精的確會造成傷害，並且使神經元間的訊息傳遞產生問題，但這些傷害幾乎都是可以復原的。

Similarly, drugs don't actually create holes in your brain.

同樣地，毒品也不會在你腦裡腐蝕出洞。

Though some can permanently change your brains functionality and structure, the only thing that can put a hole in your brain is physical trauma.

雖然有些毒品會永久改變你大腦的功能性和結構，但唯一可以讓腦袋開花的只有生理創傷。

Good thing you have 100 billion brain cells...or not.

好消息是你擁有 1 千億個腦細胞...吧。

Surprisingly, it wasn't until 2009 that scientists discovered the true number to be closer to 86 billion.

令人驚訝的是，直到 2009 年科學家才發現真正的數量更接近 860 億。

Sure it may seem like a small difference, but those 14 billion neurons are equal to the size of an entire baboon brain.

這數字看起來只有些微的差異，但那 140 億個神經元相當於狒狒的整個腦袋。

To further put those numbers in perspective, consider that 1 million seconds is 12 days, while 1 billion seconds is 31 years, so that 14 billion neuron difference may not be so small after all.

更準確一點來說，試想 1 百萬秒相當於 12 天，10 億秒就是 31 年，以此相比，相差 140 億個神經元就不是小差異了。

Regardless, we can't use them all, right?

不過，反正我們不會用到全部，對吧？

Most movies and sci-fi books have us believe that humans can only use around 10% of our brain which is absolute nonsense.

大部分的電影和科幻小說都告訴我們，人類只能使用大腦的 10 %左右...這簡直是無稽之談。

Thanks to modern brain scanning technology, we know that we use the whole thing...all the time!

多虧了現代的大腦掃描技術，我們發現我們時時刻刻都在使用整個大腦。

Not necessarily all at once; when you're walking, for instance, the parts of the brain associated with movement are more active than other areas.

不過不見得都在同一時間使用；舉例來說，當你在走路時，腦中跟運動有關的部分會更加活躍。

However, there is no part of the brain that simply doesn't do anything.

然而，大腦中沒有一個部分是無用的。

It represents 3% of the bodies weight and uses 20% of its energy.

大腦佔了身體總重的 3 %，消耗了 20 %的身體能量。

But we generally use one side more than the other, right?

但我們通常都會比較偏重使用某半腦，對吧？

Nope! while you may have been convinced that if you're more logical or analytical, you're more "left brained", and if you're more creative or intuitive you're "right brained", it's simply not true.

才不！雖然你可能會相信比較擅長邏輯分析的人是「左腦人」，而比較有創意或直覺派的人則是「右腦人」，但這完全是錯的。

While different sides of the brain are indeed used for specific functions, for example, language uses the left hemisphere while the right hemisphere helps to read emotion, studies on thousands of individuals have found no evidence of a left or right dominance in individuals.

雖然兩半腦確實有特定的功能，像是左半腦負責語言而右半腦負責解讀情緒，但是以數千人為對象的研究顯示，沒有一個個體有顯著的左右腦優勢差異。

In other words, you use both sides equally.

換言之，你很平均地在使用兩個半腦。

And you don't actually have 5 senses like you were always told, in fact, you have a lot more, like nociception which is the sense of pain, or proprioception, the sense of how our bodies are positioned.

而你其實並非擁有五種感官，事實上，你擁有更多，像是「痛覺」是對於疼痛的感知、「本體感覺」則是感覺身體的姿勢與定位。

Not to mention sense of balance, temperature and passing of time.

更不用說你還具有「平衡感知」、「溫度感知」以及「時間感知」。

Scientists at GE's Global Research Centers are collaborating with top researchers and institutions to uncover new insights about the brain's functionality.

GE 全球研究中心的科學家正與頂尖研究人員和機構合作，嘗試揭露更多有關大腦功能的真相。

If you're interested in debunking more myths or understanding more about the brain, you can follow their progress at GE Reports, as they work together to crack the brain's greatest mysteries.

若你有興趣想破除更多迷思或深入了解大腦，你可以在他們合作解開大腦秘辛時，追蹤一下 GE 的研究進度。

Special thanks to GE for supporting this episode of AsapSCIENCE!

特別感謝 GE 贊助本集的 AsapSCIENCE。

And subscribe for more weekly science videos!

記得訂閱頻道，觀賞每週的科學影片！