Name: 冠狀病毒。印度是否缺乏適當的疫苗接種策略？| 新聞 (Coronavirus: Is India lacking a proper vaccination strategy? | DW News)
Uploaded: 2020-12-25T20:30:20.000Z
Duration: 9 min 24 s

India could begin coronavirus vaccinations for its people from January next year.

印度可能會從明年1月開始為其民眾接種冠狀病毒疫苗。

The government says it's hoping to inoculate around 300 million people by August.

政府表示，希望在8月前為約3億人接種疫苗。

情態副詞

That's roughly the population of the United States to be vaccinated within eight months.

這大概是美國八個月內要接種疫苗的人口。

India has yet to approve any vaccine, though there are at least three candidates in the fray and based on available guidance.

印度尚未準許任何疫苗，儘管至少有三種候選疫苗在競爭中，並根據現有的指導。

So far, elderly persons and frontline healthcare workers will be first in Cuba.

到目前為止，老年人和一線醫護人員將首先在古巴。

But whether that covers people such as a new path Choudhury featured in our next report is as yet unclear.

但這是否涵蓋了我們下一篇報告中介紹的新路徑Choudhury等人，目前還不清楚。

21 year old Anna Burke Choudhry has not taken a single day off leave from work in over five months.

21歲的安娜-伯克-喬德里已經5個多月沒有請過一天假了。

Now he says he loves what he does, but he had never thought it would put him on the front line off fighting a pandemic.

現在，他說他喜歡他的工作，但他從來沒有想過會把他放在前線與流行病作鬥爭。

One day for me and Bob is a lab technician working in a private pathology laboratory in Delhi.

有一天，我和鮑勃是一個實驗室的技術人員，在德里的一個私人病理實驗室工作。

His main job is to conduct rt PCR tests counted as the most reliable tests to determine whether someone is Corbett positive every day he with its houses of potentially infected people to collect their swab samples, and he understands that everyday.

他的主要工作是進行rt PCR測試算作最可靠的測試，以確定是否有人是Corbett陽性的每一天，他與它的潛在感染者的房子收集他們的拭子樣本，他明白，每天。

His work puts him at risk of getting infected himself.

他的工作讓他自己也有被感染的風險。

In the beginning, When I started doing this test, I used to be quite scared.

剛開始做這個測試的時候，我曾經很害怕。

The atmosphere was such to there was a lot of fear, but then slowly I got used to this.

氣氛是這樣的，以至於有很多的恐懼，但後來慢慢的我就習慣了這個。

If I let fear take over, how will I do my job?

如果我讓恐懼佔據了我的身體，我怎麼能做好我的工作？

The most important thing I have to take care off is that I should not get infected and if I am infected, I should not transmit to anyone.

最重要的是我要注意關，不能被感染，如果被感染了，也不能傳染給任何人。

That is why the whole process involves proper sanitization from start to finish.

所以整個過程從頭到尾都要進行適當的消毒。

And Bob is one of the thousands of frontline health workers in Delhi struggling to control the spread of the virus.

而鮑勃是德里數千名一線衛生工作者中的一員，他們正在努力控制病毒的傳播。

As India worth towards developing the corporate 19 vaccine, these health workers are likely to receive it on a priority basis as they are at a higher risk of contracting the virus due to regular exposure.

隨著印度對開發公司19疫苗的重視，這些衛生工作者有可能優先接受疫苗，因為他們由於經常接觸病毒，感染病毒的風險更高。

State governments are preparing lists off people across the country identifying the health workers who will be the first ones to get the does.

州政府正在準備名單，關閉全國各地的人確定衛生工作者誰將是第一個得到的做。

And Bob says he's not sure when he will get the vaccine as it may still take months to come.

而鮑勃表示，他不知道自己什麼時候能打上疫苗，因為可能還需要幾個月的時間。

So he has to ensure that he protects himself well at all times.

所以，他必須保證自己時刻保護好自己。

If technicians like me get the vaccine, we will be less worried while doing our job.

如果像我這樣的技術人員打了疫苗，我們在工作的時候就不會那麼擔心了。

It will also help us keep our families safe above understands the importance of his job.

這也會幫助我們保護家人的安全上面明白他工作的重要性。

He says he is motivated by his desire to do his bit to help deal with the pandemic.

他說，他的動機是希望儘自己的力量來幫助處理流行病。

I start my day at eight in the morning and the world goes until late.

我早上八點開始一天的工作，世界一直到很晚。

I don't even get the timeto have a sip of water on Sundays as I have back to back sample collections.

週日我連喝口水的時間都沒有，因為我有背靠背的樣品收集。

I have been suffering from dehydration for the past three months because of that.

因為這個原因，我已經有三個月的脫水症了。

But then, if you don't work, where will the reports and the data come from?

但這樣一來，如果你不工作，報告和數據從哪裡來？

And if the patients won't get the report, how will the treatment start?

而如果患者拿不到報告，又如何開始治療呢？

While an above and his family hope there will be a vaccine soon, he says he knows he may be carrying out these tests for a long time to come.

雖然上面的一個和他的家人希望儘快有一個疫苗，他說他知道他可能會在未來很長一段時間內進行這些測試。

He's a researcher in bioethics and global health policy and has been following India's vaccine development plans closely.

他是生物倫理學和全球衛生政策的研究者，一直密切關注印度的疫苗發展計劃。

Dr Man Welcome Now the Indian government says vaccinations could begin as early as January next year, but India is yet to approve off a vaccine.

人博士歡迎現在印度政府表示，疫苗接種最早可以在明年1月開始，但印度還沒有準許關閉疫苗。

So I think there are already plans companies have put in applications, but they have been told that they need to come back with more data.

所以我認為已經有公司提出了申請的計劃，但他們被告知需要回來提供更多的數據。

It's likely that this will be an ongoing process.

The fact that many other regulators and countries have started approving vaccines will be a factor.

事實上，許多其他監管機構和國家已經開始準許疫苗，這將是一個因素。

But it's also the case that you know, vaccines like Pfizer and Madonna and more difficult to integrate.

但也是這樣，你知道，像輝瑞和麥當勞這樣的疫苗，更難整合。

Given the logistical challenges and cost that you know vaccines which are easier to use.

鑑於後勤方面的挑戰和成本，你知道疫苗哪種好用。

Between 2 to 8 degrees storage will have higher preference.

在2到8度之間存放會有較高的優惠。

But we'll have to wait and see for the regulator to make the final decision, and then they will be rolled out.

但我們要等監管部門做出最終決定，然後就會推出。

At least this far, the government has said that health care and frontline workers will be among the first to be vaccinated now.

至少到目前為止，政府已經表示，醫護人員和一線工作人員將是現在首批接種的對象。

Does that include people who work outside of hospitals as well, such as in diagnostic labs or funeral homes, for example?

這是否也包括在醫院外工作的人，比如在診斷實驗室或殯儀館工作的人？

Yes, that I would tend to think that that would be an interpretation.

是的，我傾向於認為這將是一種解釋。

A lot of this has left a to the state of provincial level to decide.

這其中有很多是留給省一級的國家來決定的。

Broad guidelines have been given about health workers being first and then frontline workers and all of these individuals, given the risk attached off transmission, especially by virtue off the work that they do certainly qualify.

已經給出了廣泛的指導方針，首先是衛生工作者，然後是一線工作者和所有這些人，因為他們有傳播的風險，特別是他們的工作肯定符合條件。

And I think it will be certainly the case that they will be included on disses upto also the states to ensure when they do the registration for a spot of the privatization exercise.

我認為，在各州進行私有化登記時，肯定會將其納入私有化的範圍。

Ah, crucial question, though, is that once a vaccine does become available once it has been approved by the Indian government, will people have to go through the government and through government vaccination centers, or will they be able to get themselves vaccinated privately as well?

啊，不過關鍵的問題是，一旦印度政府準許了疫苗，一旦真的有了疫苗，人們是要通過政府，通過政府的疫苗接種中心，還是也可以私下裡給自己打疫苗？

Yeah, so the company seemed to be certainly interested in the private market.

是啊，所以公司似乎肯定對私人市場感興趣。

As you know, we have a mixed health system in India.

大家都知道，印度有一個混合的衛生系統。

We also have huge middle class and upper class, which would be interested in buying vaccines if they were to be available for sale.

我們還有龐大的中產階級和上流社會，如果有疫苗出售，他們會有興趣購買。

I think though the question is going to be one off equity if you have a privatization exercise in the government sector, and you have to go through that channel on Wait for your turn.

我覺得雖然問題要一關股權，如果你在政府部門有一個私有化的工作，你要通過這個管道在等你。

Can you actually skip that Q by going to a private market and getting a vaccine?

其實去私人市場打疫苗就可以跳過這個Q嗎？

And I think that's an equity issue which the government will have to think through before allowing for private sale.

而且我認為這是一個股權問題，政府在允許私人出售之前必須考慮清楚。

Uh, there might also be the case that there might be some vaccines which are only available in the private market because they're not something which can be integrated into the government program, given costs and logistics concerns.

呃，也有可能是這樣的情況，有可能是一些疫苗，只能在私人市場上買到，因為考慮到成本和物流問題，它們不能被納入政府計劃。

But I guess we'll have to wait for again permissions to come through from the regulator and then companies to decide and governments to allow for that based on what the government is saying currently.

但我想，我們還得等監管部門的再次許可通過，然後由企業來決定，政府根據政府目前的說法來允許。

Doctor Bon the government wants to vaccinate roughly 300 million people by August next year.

邦醫生政府希望在明年8月前為大約3億人接種疫苗。

I'm wondering if that means that from September 2021 roughly the pandemic will be manageable or even over in India.

我在想，這是否意味著從2021年9月開始，印度的大流行將是可控的，甚至是結束的。

Yeah, well, one would hope so, but I guess we all know from prior experience over the last many months that you know the vaccine and the pandemic is a bit unpredictable.

是啊，人們希望如此，但我想我們都知道，從之前的經驗，在過去的許多個月，你知道疫苗和流行病是有點不可預測。

vaccination is one important component of the response, but it's also going to be ah, factor off.

疫苗接種是一個重要的組成部分的反應，但它也將是啊，因素關。

If we're seeing a second wave of any kind, what is the kind of distribution off our vaccine on also, if there is any kind of mutation which is a cause for concern, etcetera.

如果我們看到的是第二波任何一種，什麼是什麼樣的分佈關閉我們的疫苗上也，如果有什麼類型的突變，這是一個令人擔憂的，等等。

So it's likely that the vaccination will be an active part of the response.

所以，接種疫苗很可能是積極應對的一部分。

And going into the next few months, hopefully that will help ever.

而進入接下來的幾個月，希望能幫助曾經。

You know, any kind of a resurgence of the disease.

你知道，任何一種疾病的復發。

Over the last few weeks, we have seen a decline in the number of cases, which is an encouraging trend, and it's important for us to keep, you know, working toe ensure that that continues.

在過去的幾周裡，我們已經看到了案件數量的下降，這是一個令人鼓舞的趨勢，重要的是我們要保持，你知道，工作，以確保這種情況繼續下去。

Now there's every indication that it's going to be two shots off a vaccine that is going to be required, and we're talking about 300 million people to be vaccinated in eight months are enough.

現在有種種跡象表明，這將是兩鍼關閉的疫苗是需要的，我們說的是3億人在8個月內接種疫苗是足夠的。

Yes, So the government has announced that they are planning toe a least organized for that number of those is Andi.

是的，所以政府已經宣佈，他們計劃對那些數量最少的組織是安迪。

You know, they have to find the finances for that.

你知道，他們必須找到資金的。

We will also probably find out a little bit more in the forthcoming budget around how that financing is being organized.

在即將公佈的預算中，我們可能還會發現更多關於如何組織這種融資的資訊。

But it seems to be the case, at least for that 300 million population that they have announced that the government is going to take an active role in finding the funds to pay for those vaccines and then also ensuring that those are administered, including in remote locations across India.

但似乎是這樣的，至少對於那3億人口來說，他們已經宣佈，政府將積極尋找資金來支付這些疫苗，然後也確保這些疫苗的管理，包括在印度的偏遠地區。

Will these new vaccines, whichever they may be?

這些新的疫苗，不管是哪一種，都會?

Will they be effective against new strains of the virus, such as the ones that are evident in the UK and South Africa?

它們對新的病毒株，如在英國和南非明顯的病毒株是否有效？

I mean, I think that's a concern, but so far, the indication is that the vaccine should hopefully be able to cover these trains.

我的意思是，我認為這是一個問題，但到目前為止，跡象表明，疫苗應該有希望能夠覆蓋這些列車。

We also have a natural experiment happening in the UK because you have obviously these new strains and also vaccines already either in clinical trials, are already being administered at mass scale.

我們在英國也發生了一個自然的實驗，因為你們顯然有這些新的菌株，也有疫苗已經在臨床試驗中，已經在大規模地使用。

So if there is a concern, it should come through in the UK in terms of our experiences there over the next few weeks, and that should flag issues around efficacy and straight coverage.

是以，如果有一個關注，它應該在英國通過我們在那裡的經驗，在未來幾周，這應該標誌著圍繞功效和直接覆蓋的問題。

But that is also something that India will have to keep a close watch on through genomic surveillance through public health efforts to ensure that we are keeping track on those who are vaccinated and looking out for safety and efficacy.

但這也是印度必須通過公共衛生努力，通過基因組監測密切關注的事情，以確保我們正在跟蹤那些接種疫苗的人，並尋找安全和功效。

 An inbound Thank you so much for speaking to us. 