Try me Welcome toe watch Mojo.

試試我 歡迎觀看魔王。

And today we're counting down our picks for the top 10 mind blowing facts about chess in this position.

而今天我們就來細數一下，在這個位置上，我們所挑選的十大震撼人心的象棋事實。

King has no safe squares to move, but it's hoped that mental exercise, like chess, will checkmate the onset of Alzheimer's disease.

國王沒有安全的方塊可以移動，但希望像國際象棋一樣進行心理鍛鍊，可以制衡老年痴呆症的發生。

Enough chances.

足夠的機會。

Let's play for this list.

讓我們來玩這個名單。

We'll be looking at the most fascinating fax about the game of chess.

我們要看的是關於國際象棋遊戲最迷人的傳真。

How close are you to becoming a grand master?

你離成為大宗師還有多遠？

Let us know.

讓我們知道。

In the comments below Number 10, the pieces look like they do for a reason.

在10號下面的評論中，這些作品看起來像是有原因的。

Many people the world over will recognize the general.

世界上很多人都會認識到一般。

The variable physical design of chess pieces, pawns, air, usually little nubby things.

棋子、棋子、空氣，通常是小不點的物理設計。

Nights are horse heads.

夜晚是馬頭。

Bishops have a rounded headgear, rooks are castle towers, and the king and queen have their respective crowns.

主教有圓形的頭飾，羅克是城堡塔，國王和王后有各自的王冠。

Like I said, the queen ain't no bitch.

就像我說的，女王不是婊子。

She got all the moves.

她有所有的動作。

According to various explanations, the reason these pieces don't represent actual people is due to certain traditions of Islam.

根據各種解釋，這些作品之所以不代表實際的人，是因為伊斯蘭教的某些傳統。

Since those beliefs didn't allow for representations of people, the designs were altered to make them appear mawr vague and universal.

由於這些信仰不允許表現人，所以設計被改變，使其顯得模糊和普遍。

When chess finally reached Western Europe around the ninth century, the pieces remained unchanged.

當國際象棋終於在九世紀左右傳到西歐時，棋子仍未改變。

Number nine, it might help with memory function.

第九條，它可能有助於記憶功能。

Alzheimer's is one of the worst diseases that a human being can suffer from.

老年痴呆症是人類最嚴重的疾病之一。

I use this yellow yellow thingy to market, so I don't have to read the same line over and over and over and over again.

我用這個黃黃的薄薄的東西來營銷，這樣我就不用一遍又一遍的看同一句話，一遍又一遍的看。

Luckily, there are ways to mitigate it like playing chess.

幸運的是，有一些方法可以緩解，比如下棋。

Lots of scientific research has been undertaken regarding the relationship between chess and memory function.

關於國際象棋與記憶功能的關係，已經進行了大量的科學研究。

In 2003, the New England Journal of Medicine and the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science found that chess and other similar brain activities helped delay the onset of Alzheimer's.

2003年，《新英格蘭醫學雜誌》和《美國國家科學院院刊》發現，國際象棋和其他類似的大腦活動有助於延緩阿爾茨海默症的發生。

Learning the game of chess or playing the game of chess has at least shown that over the age of 75 that it may in fact delay the progression of such a thing.

學棋或下棋至少已經表明，75歲以上的老人，其實可能會延緩這樣的事情的發展。

Stanford University's Professor Abraham Borghi's also recommends exercising the brain to prevent dementia illness, and that there may come a day quote when doctors recommend a game of chess along with physical exercise and a healthy diet.

斯坦福大學的亞伯拉罕-博爾吉教授的也建議鍛鍊大腦，以預防老年痴呆症疾病，可能會有一天報價，當醫生建議一局棋，以及身體鍛鍊和健康的飲食。

Research has shown that the memory can begin to fade from the age of 20 but it's hoped that mental exercise like chess will checkmate the onset of Alzheimer's disease.

研究表明，記憶力從20歲開始就會開始消退，但希望通過象棋這樣的心理鍛鍊來制衡老年痴呆症的發生。

Number eight Queen Isabella changed the game.

八號女王伊莎貝拉改變了遊戲規則。

Like all games, the rules of chess are fluid and ever changing.

像所有的遊戲一樣，國際象棋的規則也是變化無常的。

The rules we know today weren't standardized until the 19th century, and the game had changed numerous times before that before the late 14 hundreds.

我們今天所知道的規則直到19世紀才被標準化，而在此之前，在14世紀末之前，遊戲已經改變了無數次。

The male queen equivalent could only move one or two squares at a time, much like the King, that is, until Isabella, the first of Castell E, cannot ignore the verdict of my council.

相當於男王后每次只能移動一到兩個格子，和國王差不多，也就是說，直到卡斯特爾E的第一人伊莎貝拉，不能無視我議會的裁決。

Surely you can do anything you want.

當然，你可以做任何你想做的事情。

How little, you know, ruling over Spain with her husband, King Ferdinand, The second, Isabella became the first queen of Spain and helped finance Christopher Columbus's fateful voyage to the New World.

你知道的不多，與她的丈夫費迪南王一起統治西班牙，第二位，伊莎貝拉成為西班牙第一任王后，並幫助資助克里斯托弗-哥倫布前往新大陸的致命航行。

According to chess historian Hobart Festival, Queen Isabella's power and influence altered the rules of chess, turning the mail piece into a female queen and allowing it to move any distance in any direction.

根據國際象棋歷史學家霍巴特節的說法，伊莎貝拉女王的權力和影響改變了國際象棋的規則，將郵遞棋子變成了女皇，並允許它向任何方向移動任何距離。

Number seven checkmate has a cool origin story.

七號棋友有一個很酷的起源故事。

Checkmate.

將軍

The terminology of chess may sound different to our modern years.

國際象棋的術語，聽起來可能和我們現代人不一樣。

What the heck do check and checkmate even mean?

檢查和勾選到底是什麼意思？

While the earliest forms of chess ended on Lee after the king was physically captured.

雖然最早的國際象棋形式是在國王被實際俘虜後，結束在李。

After a couple of 100 years, the Persians changed the ending to a checkmate, which is when the king is cornered by the opponent's pieces.

過了幾百年，波斯人把結局改成了勾兌，也就是國王被對方的棋子逼到了牆角。

The word checkmate is sourced from numerous Persian and Arabic phrases.

棋友這個詞來源於許多波斯語和阿拉伯語短語。

It may derive from the Persian phrase Shab mocked, meaning the king is helpless.

它可能來源於波斯語中的Shab mocked，意思是國王無奈。

Do you see it now, or should we finish this on the board?

你現在看到了嗎，還是我們應該在板上完成這個？

It may also derive from Arabic with Sheikh, meaning monarch and Mott, meaning dead or helpless.

它也可能來源於阿拉伯語，Sheikh是君主的意思，Mott是死亡或無助的意思。

Therefore, sheep Mott translates to the monarch is dead or helpless.

是以，羊莫特譯為君主已死或無奈。

Bishop to Bishop eight.

主教到主教八。

Discovered, check And incidentally, Mate number six fool's mate can end you quickly.

被發現的，檢查 而且順便說一句，六號笨蛋伴侶可以迅速結束你。

Chasse is a very complex game.

Chasse是一個非常複雜的遊戲。

When played at the highest level.

當發揮最高水準。

A game can take numerous hours to finish.

一款遊戲可能需要無數個小時才能完成。

It's been five folks.

已經有五個人了

Perhaps we should.

也許我們應該。

The journal.

該雜誌。

It's also possible, although exceedingly unlikely, for the black player to checkmate the white in just two moves.

黑棋也有可能，雖然可能性極小，但黑棋在短短兩步棋中就能將白棋吃掉。

This infamous trap is called the Fool's Mate.

這個臭名昭著的陷阱叫做 "愚公移山"。

It's performed by moving the e pawn, so the Queen Congar O to H four.

它是通過移動e卒來進行的，所以皇后聰爾O到H四。

However, this is only possible if the white player moves their pawns toe F three or four and G four, opening up a devastating line of attack and allowing the Black Queen to trap the white king.

然而，這隻有在白棋將棋子移到F三或四，G四的情況下才有可能，打開一條毀滅性的攻擊線，讓黑後困住白王。

In this position, the king has no safe squares to move.

在這個位置上，國王沒有安全的位置可以移動。

There are no pieces that could interpose or block the queen from checking the king, and there actually are no pieces that can capture the checking piece or capture the queen.

沒有任何棋子可以插手或阻擋王后制衡國王，實際上也沒有任何棋子可以捕捉制衡棋子或捕捉王后。

It's presumably so named because the white player has to be a fool to allow it to happen.

之所以如此命名，大概是因為白棋手必須是個傻子，才會允許這種情況發生。

Number five, there are over 1000 different openings.

第五，有超過1000種不同的開口。

It's no secret that Chest takes a very long time to master, owing to its complexity.

胸部》由於其複雜性，需要非常長的時間才能掌握，這已經不是什麼祕密。

That isn't very surprising when one considers that there are over 1000 different opening variations alone.

如果考慮到光是不同的開局變化就有1000多種，那就不是很奇怪了。

In fact, the Oxford Companion to Chest lists an unbelievable 1327 different openings and variants.

事實上，《牛津胸牌指南》列出了令人難以置信的1327種不同的開局和變體。

Originally published in 1984 by the Oxford University Press, the Oxford Companion to Chess was written by chess masters historians and researchers David Vincent Hooper and Ken Wild.

牛津國際象棋指南》最初於1984年由牛津大學出版社出版，由國際象棋大師歷史學家和研究者大衛-文森特-胡珀和肯-維爾德撰寫。

Some of the more well known openings include Open Game, the Bishops Opening The King and Queen's Gambit and Petrov's Defense, just to name five of the 1327 Show Me Not Now, Let's play again.

比較著名的開局包括公開賽、主教開局 國王和王后的賭博和彼得羅夫的防禦，這只是1327年給我看的五種開局，我們再來玩玩。

Number four Chess began in India.

四號棋始於印度。

Chess is a very old game, and it has its roots in the Gupta empire.

國際象棋是一種非常古老的遊戲，它的根源在於古普塔帝國。

Chess was invented in India somewhere around 600 a.

國際象棋是在印度大約600年左右發明的。

D.

D.

A gigantic chessboard was constructed in fact, for secret, which was the capital a long time ago.

建造了一個巨大的棋盤，其實是為了祕密，這是很久以前的資本。

Gupta was an ancient Indian empire that covered much of the Indian subcontinent from the third to sixth centuries.

古普塔是一個古印度帝國，從三世紀到六世紀覆蓋了印度次大陸的大部分地區。

It was during this rain sometime around the sixth century that chess was created in northwest India with its spread to sustain it Persia, it acquired its current name and terminology.

正是在這場雨中大約六世紀的某個時候，國際象棋在印度西北部創建了其傳播，以維持它的波斯，它獲得了它現在的名稱和術語。

Chess derived from SHAR, meaning king and checkmate from Sharm Ott or the King is helpless.

國際象棋源於SHAR，意為國王和棋手，來自沙姆奧特或國王無奈。

It was known as chattering gah, and its rules have been lost to history.

它被稱為喋喋不休的嘎，它的規則已經被歷史所遺忘。

What we do know is that chattering gah means four divisions and said divisions were composed of the infantry, cavalry, elephants and chariot tree way also know that it was played on an eight by eight checkerboard known as an Ashtabula.

我們知道的是喋喋不休嘎意味著四個師和所述師是由步兵、騎兵、大象和戰車樹方式也知道它是在一個八乘八的棋盤上播放稱為阿什塔布拉。

Number three.

第三個。

There are billions of potential play combinations.

有數十億種潛在的玩法組合。

This ain't checkers.

這不是跳棋。

You want my king, you've got to come get my king.

你想要我的王，你就得來接我的王。

All these other pieces of just the means to do it.

其他的這些件只是手段。

If you thought 1000 different openings was difficult in complex, then you haven't heard anything yet.

如果你認為1000種不同的開局在複雜的情況下很難，那麼你還沒有聽到什麼。

Chess can go any number of ways.

國際象棋可以有多種方式。

Roughly 300 billion ways, to be exact.

確切地說，大概有3000億種方式。

And that's just in the first four moves.

而這只是在前四步。

Yes, the different play combinations are so staggering that there are an estimated 319 billion different combinations and positions in the first four moves of chess alone.

是的，不同的玩法組合非常驚人，僅國際象棋的前四步，估計就有3190億種不同的組合和位置。

But what play never play the board.

但什麼玩法從不打板子。

Always the man you gotta play the man playing the board.

始終是你要玩的人在打板子。

Play me.

玩我吧

I'm your opponent.

我是你的對手。

You have to beat me, not the board beat me.

你要打我，不是板子打我。

But that's not all.

但這還不是全部。

In theory, the longest possible chess match would last 5949 moves, we say in theory, because that would take an astoundingly long time to complete.

從理論上講，最長的棋賽將持續5949步，我們說是理論上的，因為這需要驚人的時間來完成。

So move.

所以移動。

Okay, that's a good move.

好吧，這是一個很好的舉措。

I can't believe it.

我真不敢相信

I'm losing to a rug.

我輸給了一塊地毯。

The longest chest match in history took place in Belgrade in 1989 and lasted just 269 moves that game alone took just over 20 hours to complete number two.

歷史上最長的胸部比賽於1989年在貝爾格萊德舉行，僅持續269步那場比賽就花了20多個小時才完成第二場。

The Shannon number will blow your mind.

香農號會讓你大吃一驚。

And if you thought that was crazy, just wait until you hear the Shannon number.

如果你覺得這很瘋狂，就等著聽香農的歌吧。

If there are over 300 billion different combinations in the first four moves, then just how many unique total combinations can there be?

如果前四步有超過3000億種不同的組合，那麼到底能有多少種獨特的總組合？

The answer is almost literally unimaginable.

答案几乎是難以想象的。

The Shannon number, devised by mathematician Claude Shannon, places the conservative lower bound of chess at 10 to the power of 120 unique variations.

香農數是由數學家克勞德-香農設計的，將國際象棋的保守下限放在10到120獨特變化的冪上。

That's more than the number of atoms in the observable universe, which is estimated at 10 to the power of 80.

這比可觀測宇宙中的原子數量還要多，估計是10的80次方。

Does that even make sense?

這有意義嗎？

With that?

用這個？

Said the 10 to the power of 120 Number takes into account ridiculous moves that no sensible player would make when accounting for sensible games.

說的是10到120的冪數，在核算理智的遊戲時，考慮到了任何一個理智的玩家都不會做出的荒唐舉動。

The number is closer to 10 to the power of 40.

這個數字接近於10的40次方。

Not that that is any less staggering.

並不是說這一點就不驚人了。

It looks like you're right, marries on thank you for a very enjoyable game.

看來你是對的，娶上謝謝你，這是一個非常愉快的遊戲。

Thank you.

謝謝你了

Before we unveil our topic, here are a few honorable mentions.

在揭曉我們的主題之前，這裡有幾項值得一提的榮譽。

The second book ever printed in English, was about chess.

有史以來第二本用英文印刷的書，是關於國際象棋的。

The etymology of rookie may come from the RUC.

新手的詞源可能來自於RUC。

The first modern board was created in Europe in the 11th century.

現代棋盤最早產生於11世紀的歐洲。

Before we continue, be sure to subscribe to our channel and ring the bell to get notified about our latest videos.

在我們繼續之前，一定要訂閱我們的頻道，並按鈴獲得我們最新的視頻通知。

You have the option to be notified for occasional videos or all of them.

您可以選擇通知您不定期的視頻或所有的視頻。

If you're on your phone, make sure you go into your settings and switch on notifications.

如果你在手機上，請確保你進入設置並打開通知。

Number one.

第一。

The folding board may have been for stealth folding chessboards air quite common today, the board's fold perfectly down the middle, and the pieces are typically held within the folded halves.

摺疊棋盤可能是為了隱身摺疊棋盤空氣相當普遍的今天，棋盤的摺疊完美地從中間，和棋子通常是在摺疊的一半內舉行。

This allows for easy carrying and storage, and it's also great for hiding the chess set from prying eyes.

這樣可以方便攜帶和存放，而且還可以把棋具藏起來，不讓人偷看。

Legend has it that the folding chessboard was invented back in the early 12th century in a time when chess was forbidden in the church.

傳說，摺疊棋盤早在12世紀初就被髮明瞭，當時教會是禁止下棋的。

Ah, chess loving priest supposedly defied the rules and created a secret chessboard that could fold in half and be stored on a shelf where it would look like to nondescript books.

啊，愛下棋的神父據說不顧規則，創造了一個祕密棋盤，可以折成兩半，存放在架子上，看起來就像不顯眼的書。

The idea, obviously caught on because people have been making folding chess sets for the last 900 years, do you agree with our picks?

這個想法，顯然是被抓住了，因為在過去的900年裡，人們一直在製作摺疊棋具，你同意我們的選擇嗎？

Check out this other recent clip from Watch Mojo and be sure to subscribe and ring the bell to be notified about our latest videos.

看看這個其他最近的剪輯從Watch Mojo，並一定要訂閱和按鈴通知我們最新的視頻。