Name: 長達8年的史上最嚴重的堵車事件 (The 8-Year Long Worst Traffic Jam in History)
Uploaded: 2020-12-19T18:26:32.000Z
Duration: 9 min 21 s

基礎被動語態

this video is made possible by skill share.

這個視頻是由技能分享促成的。

Get unlimited access to over 25,000 classes for free for two months by signing up at S K a l dot Shh slash Real life Floor 28 Ever since the day of its opening way back in 18 69 the Suez Canal has proved to be one of the most vital passageways in the world for international trade.

在S K a l點Shh斜線真人28樓註冊，就可以無限次免費使用25000多門課程兩個月，自從18 69年開鑿那天起，蘇伊士運河就被證明是世界上最重要的國際貿易通道之一。

情態副詞

Prior to the canal's construction, a ship traveling from London to India would have to sail down all the way across the Atlantic Ocean before looping around Africa and then come all the way back up the Indian Ocean before finally arriving afterwards, a ship would only have to enter the Mediterranean, cut through the canal and enter the Red Sea before venturing across the Arabian Sea over to India, which saved the distance of 8900 kilometers over the old route around Africa.

在運河修建之前，從倫敦到印度的船隻要一路航行下來，穿過大西洋，然後繞過非洲，再一路從印度洋上來，最後才會到達，船隻只需要進入地中海，穿過運河切入紅海，然後再冒險穿過阿拉伯海到印度，這比以前繞過非洲的航線節省了8900公里的距離。

It completely and forever changed the rules of the planet and unlocked the ability for Europe and Asia to trade with one another at speeds never before thought possible.

它徹底地、永遠地改變了地球的規則，並解鎖了歐洲和亞洲以前所未有的速度相互貿易的能力。

But what if for whatever reason, the canal was destroyed or stopped working and trade ships were forced to go back to the old way of doing business around Africa.

但是，如果因為某種原因，運河被毀或停止運行，貿易船隻被迫回到環非洲的老路子上，怎麼辦？

The consequences for international trade would definitely be pretty catastrophic.

對國際貿易來說，後果肯定是相當災難性的。

But this exact situation has actually already happened once before, back in the 19 sixties, you see, Back then, Egypt didn't exactly get along very well with her next door neighbor, Israel.

但這種情況其實已經發生過一次了，早在1960年代，你看，當時埃及和隔壁鄰居以色列相處得並不好。

Tensions between the two countries have been rising for some time, and both sides were preparing themselves for war in this atmosphere of uncertainty.

兩國之間的緊張關係已經上升了一段時間，在這種不確定的氣氛中，雙方都在為戰爭做準備。

On the morning of June the 5th, 1967 this teen cargo ships entered the Suez Canal on the Mediterranean side to begin their 12 hour journey across to the other side in the Red Sea.

1967年6月5日上午，這艘少年貨輪進入地中海一側的蘇伊士運河，開始了他們12小時的旅程，在紅海中穿越到對岸。

Unknown to any of them at the time, though, was that their journey through wouldn't take 12 hours.

不過當時他們誰也不知道，他們的穿越之旅不會需要12個小時。

This was the worst traffic jam ever caused in human history, and this is the story of the men who suffered through it.

這是人類歷史上造成的最嚴重的交通堵塞，而這就是那些飽受折磨的人的故事。

Roughly halfway through their journey across the canal, war suddenly exploded.

大概在他們穿越運河的半路上，戰爭突然爆發了。

Theis Rae Lee's launched a surprise air attack against the Egyptians, and the area around the canal was suddenly full of planes, bombs, fire and death.

忒斯雷李氏對埃及人發動了突然的空襲，運河周圍頓時充滿了飛機、炸彈、火焰和死亡。

Within hours of the attack, the Egyptian government ordered the Suez Canal to be closed and forced the 15 ships inside to halt until further notice.

襲擊發生後幾小時內，埃及政府就下令關閉蘇伊士運河，並強迫運河內的15艘船隻停航，直到另行通知。

But after only six days of fighting, the Israelis had already won a decisive victory and conquered the entire Sinai Peninsula.

但僅僅經過6天的戰鬥，以色列人已經取得了決定性的勝利，征服了整個西奈半島。

The new border between Egypt and Israel was literally the Suez Canal itself.

埃及和以色列之間的新邊界實際上就是蘇伊士運河本身。

And unwilling to allow the Israelis to use it, the Egyptians decided instead to sabotage it to the point where nobody could use it.

而埃及人不願意讓以色列人使用它，而是決定將它破壞到無人可以使用的地步。

They sank ships on the north and south ends to block both entrances and exits, destroyed bridges and choked what was left with nearly a million minds to guarantee that any attempt to use the canal would be a suicide mission.

他們在南北兩端擊沉船隻，封鎖出入口，摧毀橋樑，用近百萬人的頭腦扼殺剩下的東西，以保證任何試圖使用運河的行為都是自殺式的任務。

And so the 15 neutral cargo ships that had entered on the fifth of June found themselves in their terrible predicament, trapped between the Egyptian army on the western side, the Israeli army on the eastern side and no hope of exit either the North or the south.

是以，6月5日進入的15艘中立貨船發現自己陷入了可怕的困境，被困在西邊的埃及軍隊和東邊的以色列軍隊之間，無論是北邊還是南邊都沒有出口的希望。

14 of the ships anchored down in great bitter lake near the south exit, and the crews had no other choice than to be patient and wait it out for the next eight years.

14艘船停泊在南出口附近的大苦湖中，船員們除了耐心等待，在接下來的8年時間裡沒有其他選擇。

All ships were once again forced to take the old route between Europe and Asia by going around Africa, which was both longer and much more expensive.

所有的船隻再次被迫走歐洲和亞洲之間的老路，繞行非洲，既耗時較長，費用也高得多。

And as a consequence, the costs of goods around the world was driven up.

並是以帶動了全世界商品成本的上升。

Trading arrangements were thrown into absolute chaos, particularly nations located in Southeast Asia or East Africa.

貿易安排陷入絕對混亂，尤其是位於東南亞或東非的國家。

With the canal open, ships could just travel a relatively short, direct distance between Port Sudan and Naples, right across Egypt.

運河開通後，船隻只需在蘇丹港和那不勒斯之間走一段比較短的直達距離，就能穿過埃及。

But with a canal being closed, trade ships would then have to travel the excessively long distance all the way down the Red Sea Indian Ocean, the southern tip of Africa, up all the way across the Atlantic through the Strait of Gibraltar and then across the Mediterranean before finally making its way into port and then repeat the entire process, going back home again.

但隨著運河的關閉，貿易船隻就必須沿著紅海印度洋、非洲南端，一路穿越大西洋，通過直布羅陀海峽，再穿越地中海，最後才能進港，然後重複整個過程，再回國。

While the outside world was struggling with new logistical challenges like that one, the 15 ships and their crews left behind in the canal were struggling with their own as well.

當外界正在為新的後勤挑戰而苦苦掙扎時，運河中留下的15艘船和他們的船員也在為自己的挑戰而努力。

Of the 14 trapped in great bitter lake, there were four British to West German to Swedish to polish one French, one Bulgarian, one Czechoslovak and one American.

在大苦湖被困的14人中，有4名英國人到西德人到瑞典人到波蘭人1名法國人，1名保加利亞人，1名捷克斯洛伐克人，1名美國人。

When it became clear, after months and months of being stranded in the no man's land between two hostile armies that they may be there for a while, the crews and companies of all 14 decided to group all the ships together into three groups.

當在兩支敵對軍隊之間的無人區滯留了幾個月後，發現他們可能會在那裡停留一段時間後，所有14艘船的船員和連隊決定將所有的船集中在一起，抽成三組。

They sent most of the sailors home and left behind a small skeleton crew of 10 men behind for each of the three groups to provide maintenance duties on the ships in the hopes that one day they'd be able to successfully leave.

他們將大部分水手送回了家，並留下了一個10人的小骨幹團隊，讓三組人分別在船上提供維護工作，希望有一天他們能夠成功離開。

Obviously, nobody wanted to waste away their lives forever on the ships.

顯然，沒有人願意在船上永遠浪費生命。

So the companies began rotating these 10 man skeleton crews out with a new, fresh 10 man team every six months.

於是，各公司開始將這些10人的骨幹隊伍輪換出來，每半年換一個新的、新鮮的10人隊伍。

And despite coming from opposite sides of the Cold War, the crews of all 14 ships grew to become friends with one another over their six months long deployments.

儘管來自冷戰的對立面，但在長達6個月的部署中，所有14艘船的船員都逐漸成為了彼此的朋友。

Bonded together by the sheer ridiculousness of their situation, church services were hosted every Sunday on the German ship.

他們因處境的荒謬而結合在一起，每個星期天都在德國船上舉行教堂儀式。

Movie nights were regularly hosted by the Bulgarians.

保加利亞人定期舉辦電影之夜。

The Swedes hosted pool parties the French grew community garden, and the British hosted football games on their larger deck and lifeboat races across the canal.

瑞典人舉辦桌球派對，法國人種植社區花園，英國人在他們較大的甲板上舉辦足球比賽，救生艇比賽橫跨運河。

They even celebrated their own bitter Lake Olympics in 1968 to compete with the real World Olympics.

他們甚至在1968年慶祝了自己的苦湖奧運會，以與真正的世界奧運會競爭。

With the polls winning the most events, raiding parties from both Egypt and Israel would occasionally sneak through them to gather intelligence on the other side.

由於民調獲勝的事件最多，埃及和以色列兩國的突擊隊偶爾會偷襲他們，收集對方的情報。

And over the years, the sand from the desert covered all of the ships in a deep, thick layer, giving the whole fleet its nickname, the Yellow Fleets.

而多年來，沙漠裡的沙子把所有的船隻都覆蓋了一層很深很厚的沙子，讓整個艦隊有了一個外號，叫黃色艦隊。

Six years under their isolation in 1973 and all out war exploded around them again.

1973年，在他們孤立無援的情況下，6年時間，全面戰爭又在他們身邊爆發。

This time it was Egypt who launched a surprise attack against Israel.

這次是埃及對以色列發動了突然襲擊。

Combined with Syria in the north, the Egyptian army stormed across the canal and pushed deep into the Sinai before they were halted by the Israelis, who then counter attacked and pushed the Egyptians all the way back to the canal again.

加上北面的敘利亞，埃及軍隊衝過運河，向西奈半島深處推進，然後被以色列人阻擊，以色列人反擊，又把埃及人一路逼回運河。

In all of the chaos, a stray Israeli rockets hit and sunk the stranded American ship.

在所有的混亂中，以色列的一枚流彈擊中並擊沉了擱淺的美國船隻。

A week of heavy fighting across the canal, with heavy casualties on both sides, was finally concluded with a ceasefire agreement that paved the way for a final peace between the two sides.

運河兩岸激戰一週，雙方傷亡慘重，最終達成停火協議，為雙方最終和平鋪平了道路。

Egypt and Israel both began withdrawing their troops from the canal border afterwards.

之後埃及和以色列都開始從運河邊界撤軍。

But after six long years of conflict and stand still, the Suez Canal was a stagnant huddle full of sunken ships, equipment, artillery and minds.

但在經歷了長達6年的衝突和僵持之後，蘇伊士運河成了一個停滯不前的圍城，滿是沉船、設備、火炮和頭腦。

It took Egypt two years to clean the canal out of all of the debris left over from the conflict.

埃及花了兩年時間才將運河中所有衝突遺留的垃圾清理乾淨。

But then finally, on June the 5th, 1975 eight years to the day after they first entered the canal, the day finally came for the Yellow Fleet to say goodbye to the canal once and for all, into the friends they made along the way, the Suez Canal was finally reopened.

但後來終於，在1975年6月5日，距離他們第一次進入運河的日子已經過去了8年，這一天終於到來，黃色艦隊徹底告別了運河，走進了他們一路結交的朋友，蘇伊士運河終於重新開放了。

But the only ships that were capable of leaving after such a long time doing nothing, where the two West German ships, which both made it back home to their port in Hamburg, greeted by over 30,000 cheering Spectators after their journey of eight years, three months and five days after first leaving Egypt and Israel, meanwhile, began to normalize the relationship afterwards, with Israel returning the entire Sinai back to Egypt and Egypt, becoming the first Arab state to officially recognize the state of Israel.

但唯有這兩艘西德的船隻，在這麼長的時間裡什麼都不做，在那裡，這兩艘西德的船隻，都回到了漢堡的港口，在第一次離開埃及後，經過8年3個月零5天的旅程，迎接他們的是超過3萬名歡呼的觀眾，與此同時，以色列在之後也開始了關係的正常化，以色列將整個西奈半島還給了埃及和埃及，成為第一個正式承認以色列國的阿拉伯國家。

Peace was finally restored, and after sitting in the same place, going nowhere for eight years, the deadlock was broken, and the longest traffic jam in human history finally came to a close.

終於恢復了和平，在原地坐了八年，毫無進展後，打破了僵局，人類歷史上最長的堵車事件終於結束了。

Now, in a similar vein, anyone who's been at the top of anything knows that staying there requires continuous improvement and dramatic changes in life.

現在，在類似的情況下，任何人都知道，在任何事情的頂部，保持在那裡需要不斷改進和生活的戲劇性變化。

Circumstances can happen suddenly after eight years of doing nothing.

境遇會在8年什麼都不做的情況下突然發生。

That means that no matter if you're at the beginning of your career or your already at the top, you should know that you should be constantly improving yourself.

這就意味著，不管你是在職業生涯的初期，還是你已經處於巔峰，你都應該知道，你應該不斷地提升自己。

Part of the way that I make sure that I'm always doing that is by using skill share.

我確保我一直在做的部分方法是通過使用技能共享。

Their courses are simply a great way to quickly and easily learn new skills.

他們的課程簡直是快速、輕鬆學習新技能的好方法。

For example, for anyone who wants to make their own YouTube videos or movies, whether it be for fun school or for work, I'd highly recommend the skill share original from Vimeo called D I Y filming, creating pro video with tools you already own learn with Vimeo.

例如，對於任何想要製作自己的YouTube視頻或電影的人來說，不管是為了好玩的學校還是為了工作，我都會強烈推薦來自Vimeo的技能分享原創，叫做D I Y filming，用你已經擁有的工具創建專業視頻，用Vimeo學習。

Filming videos may seem like a pretty simple thing, but I promise you that there are so many nuances to it that they can really make the difference between a great video that find success and a poor video that doesn't.

拍攝視頻可能看起來像一個非常簡單的事情，但我向你保證，有這麼多的細微差別，他們真的可以使一個偉大的視頻，找到成功和一個可憐的視頻，不之間的差異。

This is just one of the more than 25,000 classes that you can take with skill share, all of which you can access for free for two months by signing up at S K L s H slash Real life floor 28.

這只是技能分享的25000多門課程中的一門，只要在S K L s H斜線真人28樓報名，都可以免費使用兩個月。

And then after that, their annual pricing works out to less than $10 per month.

再之後，他們的年定價每月不到10元。

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長達8年的史上最嚴重的堵車事件 (The 8-Year Long Worst Traffic Jam in History)

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