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  • Okay, I'm going to show you

    我又要來告訴你們 Okay, I'm going to show you

  • again something about our diets.

    一些有關我們飲食的事。 again something about our diets.

  • And I would like to know what the audience is.

    我想先知道現場聽衆有哪些人 And I would like to know what the audience is.

  • And so who of you ever ate insects?

    曾有人吃過昆蟲嗎? And so who of you ever ate insects?

  • That's quite a lot.

    還真不少。 That's quite a lot.

  • (Laughter)

    (笑聲) (Laughter)

  • But still, you're not representing

    然而,在場的各位 But still, you're not representing

  • the overall population of the Earth.

    並不代表全球人口的實況 the overall population of the Earth.

  • (Laughter)

    (笑聲) (Laughter)

  • Because there's 80 percent out there that really eats insects.

    因爲,實際上全球百分之八十的人吃昆蟲 Because there's 80 percent out there that really eats insects.

  • But this is quite good.

    而這樣是很好的。 But this is quite good.

  • Why not eat insects? Well first, what are insects?

    何不食昆蟲?首先我們要定義,什麽是昆蟲? Why not eat insects? Well first, what are insects?

  • Insects are animals that walk around on six legs.

    昆蟲是有六隻腳的動物 Insects are animals that walk around on six legs.

  • And here you see just a selection.

    這裡你可以看到一些種類 And here you see just a selection.

  • There's six million species of insects on this planet,

    全球有六百萬種的昆蟲 There's six million species of insects on this planet,

  • six million species.

    六百萬種。 six million species.

  • There's a few hundreds of mammals --

    哺乳類只有幾百種 There's a few hundreds of mammals --

  • six million species of insects.

    而昆蟲有六百萬種。 six million species of insects.

  • In fact, if we count all the individual organisms,

    而且,如果我們把所有生物個體算進來 In fact, if we count all the individual organisms,

  • we would come at much larger numbers.

    我們得到的不只這個數字。 we would come at much larger numbers.

  • In fact, of all animals on Earth,

    事實上,地球上的動物 In fact, of all animals on Earth,

  • of all animal species,

    所有的種類都算進去 of all animal species,

  • 80 percent walks on six legs.

    百分之八十都是六隻腳的動物。 80 percent walks on six legs.

  • But if we would count all the individuals,

    如果我們把所有的生物個體都算進來 But if we would count all the individuals,

  • and take an average weight of them,

    再取所有的平均重量 and take an average weight of them,

  • it would amount to something like 200 to 2,000 kg.

    你我每個人會對應到 it would amount to something like 200 to 2,000 kg.

  • for each of you and me on Earth.

    大概200到2000公斤重的昆蟲。 for each of you and me on Earth.

  • That means that in terms of biomass

    這表示,就生物質量來説 That means that in terms of biomass

  • insects are more abundant than we are.

    昆蟲佔的比重比我們人類還大很多。 insects are more abundant than we are.

  • And we're not on a planet of men,

    我們住的不是人的星球 And we're not on a planet of men,

  • but we're on a planet of insects.

    而是昆蟲的星球。 but we're on a planet of insects.

  • Insects are not only there in nature,

    昆蟲不只存在自然裏 Insects are not only there in nature,

  • but they also are involved in our economy,

    也跟我們的經濟息息相關 but they also are involved in our economy,

  • usually without us knowing.

    這點大部分的我們都不知道。 usually without us knowing.

  • There was an estimation,

    根據幾年前 There was an estimation,

  • a conservative estimation, a couple of years ago

    一項保守的估算說 a conservative estimation, a couple of years ago

  • that the U.S. economy

    昆蟲給美國經濟 that the U.S. economy

  • benefited by 57 billion

    每年帶來 benefited by 57 billion

  • dollars per year.

    570億美金的效益。 dollars per year.

  • It's a number -- very large --

    對美國的經濟來説 It's a number -- very large --

  • a contribution to the economy of the United States for free.

    這是一個十分大,但免費的貢獻。 a contribution to the economy of the United States for free.

  • And so I looked up what the economy was paying

    我也順便查了 And so I looked up what the economy was paying

  • for the war in Iraq

    同一年 for the war in Iraq

  • in the same year.

    花在伊拉克戰爭的費用 in the same year.

  • It was 80 billion U.S. dollars.

    是800億美金。 It was 80 billion U.S. dollars.

  • Well we know that that

    我們都知道 Well we know that that

  • was not a cheap war.

    伊拉克戰爭並不便宜。 was not a cheap war.

  • So insects, just for free,

    但是昆蟲,免費地 So insects, just for free,

  • contribute to the economy of the United States

    為美國的經濟帶來 contribute to the economy of the United States

  • with about the same order of magnitude

    相當於伊戰規模的效益 with about the same order of magnitude

  • just for free, without everyone knowing.

    卻沒有任何人知道。 just for free, without everyone knowing.

  • And not only in the States,

    而且不止在美國,在任何國家、 And not only in the States,

  • but in any country, in any economy.

    任何經濟體系裏都有這樣的效益 but in any country, in any economy.

  • What do they do?

    昆蟲們是怎麽辦到的? What do they do?

  • They remove dung, they pollinate our crops.

    昆蟲會分解糞便,幫農作物授粉 They remove dung, they pollinate our crops.

  • A third of all the fruits that we eat

    我們吃的水果 A third of all the fruits that we eat

  • are all a result

    有三分之一 are all a result

  • of insects taking care of the reproduction of plants.

    都是藉由昆蟲授粉而生産的。 of insects taking care of the reproduction of plants.

  • They control pests.

    昆蟲抑制害蟲的蔓延 They control pests.

  • And they're food for animals.

    也是動物的食物來源 And they're food for animals.

  • They're at the start of food chains.

    他們位於食物鏈的底層 They're at the start of food chains.

  • Small animals eat insects.

    小動物吃昆蟲 Small animals eat insects.

  • Even larger animals eat insects.

    大型的動物也吃昆蟲。 Even larger animals eat insects.

  • But the small animals that eat insects

    吃昆蟲的小動物 But the small animals that eat insects

  • are being eaten by larger animals,

    被大動物吃掉 are being eaten by larger animals,

  • still larger animals.

    又被更大的動物吃掉 still larger animals.

  • And at the end of the food chain, we are eating them as well.

    位於食物鏈末端的我們也吃昆蟲。 And at the end of the food chain, we are eating them as well.

  • There's quite a lot of people that are eating insects.

    有很多人吃昆蟲 There's quite a lot of people that are eating insects.

  • And here you see me

    這是我在中國 And here you see me

  • in a small, provincial town in China, Lijiang --

    一個人口兩百萬 in a small, provincial town in China, Lijiang --

  • about two million inhabitants.

    叫麗江的小城。 about two million inhabitants.

  • If you go out for dinner, like in a fish restaurant,

    你去吃晚餐,就像在海產店 If you go out for dinner, like in a fish restaurant,

  • where you can select which fish you want to eat,

    你挑選你要吃的魚 where you can select which fish you want to eat,

  • you can select which insects you would like to eat.

    在這裡你挑選你要吃的昆蟲。 you can select which insects you would like to eat.

  • And they prepare it in a wonderful way.

    廚師把昆蟲變成色香味俱全的菜。 And they prepare it in a wonderful way.

  • And here you see me enjoying a meal

    你看我在吃的昆蟲大餐有 And here you see me enjoying a meal

  • with caterpillars, locusts,

    毛毛蟲、蝗蟲 with caterpillars, locusts,

  • bee, [unclear] delicacies.

    蜜蜂等等。 bee, [unclear] delicacies.

  • And you can eat something new everyday.

    每天還有新菜色 And you can eat something new everyday.

  • There's more than 1,000 species of insects

    全球有超過1000種的昆蟲 There's more than 1,000 species of insects

  • that are being eaten all around the globe.

    被人類食用。 that are being eaten all around the globe.

  • That's quite a bit more

    跟我們吃的 That's quite a bit more

  • than just a few mammals that we're eating,

    像牛、豬、羊 than just a few mammals that we're eating,

  • like a cow or a pig

    區區幾種哺乳類比起來 like a cow or a pig

  • or a sheep.

    這是相當大的數量。 or a sheep.

  • More than 1,000 species --

    超過1000種 More than 1,000 species --

  • an enormous variety.

    這種類是很多的 an enormous variety.

  • And now you may think, okay,

    你可能會想 And now you may think, okay,

  • in this provincial town in China they're doing that, but not us.

    好吧,中國這個鄉下地方的人吃蟲,我們可不吃。 in this provincial town in China they're doing that, but not us.

  • Well we've seen already that quite some of you

    我們剛才看到了 Well we've seen already that quite some of you

  • already ate insects maybe occasionally.

    在場各位裏有些人偶爾可能吃昆蟲。 already ate insects maybe occasionally.

  • But I can tell you that everyone of you

    我可以跟你們說, But I can tell you that everyone of you

  • is eating insects, without any exception.

    所有的人都吃昆蟲,而且沒有例外。 is eating insects, without any exception.

  • You're eating at least

    每一年你至少 You're eating at least

  • 500 grams per year.

    吃進了五百公克 500 grams per year.

  • What are you eating?

    怎麽會呢? What are you eating?

  • Tomato soup, peanut butter,

    番茄湯、花生醬 Tomato soup, peanut butter,

  • chocolate, noodles --

    巧克力、麵條等 chocolate, noodles --

  • any processed food that you're eating

    所有處理過的食品 any processed food that you're eating

  • contains insects,

    都包含昆蟲 contains insects,

  • because insects are here all around us,

    因爲昆蟲無所不在 because insects are here all around us,

  • and when they're out there in nature

    在大自然裏、在我們的左右、 and when they're out there in nature

  • they're also in our crops.

    在穀物裏。 they're also in our crops.

  • Some fruits get some insect damage.

    有些水果受到蟲咬 Some fruits get some insect damage.

  • Those are the fruits, if they're tomato,

    像是番茄、 Those are the fruits, if they're tomato,

  • that go to the tomato soup.

    就被加工做成湯 that go to the tomato soup.

  • If they don't have any damage, they go to the grocery.

    沒被蟲咬的水果才會拿到市場來賣 If they don't have any damage, they go to the grocery.

  • And that's your view of a tomato.

    這是你印象中的漂亮的番茄。 And that's your view of a tomato.

  • But there's tomatoes that end up in a soup.

    但是也有很多番茄直接被做成湯 But there's tomatoes that end up in a soup.

  • And as long as they meet

    食品裏可能出現各式各樣的東西 And as long as they meet

  • the requirements of the food agency,

    只要能符合 the requirements of the food agency,

  • there can be all kinds of things in there,

    食品管理單位的規定 there can be all kinds of things in there,

  • no problem.

    就沒有問題。 no problem.

  • In fact, why would we put these balls in the soup,

    事實上,番茄湯裡何必再放肉? In fact, why would we put these balls in the soup,

  • there's meat in there anyway?

    裡面早就有(蟲)肉了 there's meat in there anyway?

  • (Laughter)

    (笑聲) (Laughter)

  • In fact, all our processed foods

    所有處理過的食品 In fact, all our processed foods

  • contain more proteins

    所含的蛋白質的量 contain more proteins

  • than we would be aware of.

    都比我們認爲的還多。 than we would be aware of.

  • So anything is a protein source already.

    所以基本上所有的食品都含蛋白質。 So anything is a protein source already.

  • Now you may say,

    現在你可能會說 Now you may say,

  • "Okay, so we're eating 500 grams just by accident."

    “好吧,這500克是我們不小心吃進去的。” "Okay, so we're eating 500 grams just by accident."

  • We're even doing this on purpose

    事實上,在很多食品裏 We're even doing this on purpose

  • in a lot of food items that we have.

    我們也會故意加蟲進去。 in a lot of food items that we have.

  • I have only two items

    我這裡有兩樣 I have only two items

  • here on the slide --

    在投影片上 here on the slide --

  • pink cookies or surimi sticks

    粉紅色餅乾和蟹肉棒 pink cookies or surimi sticks

  • or, if you like, Campari.

    或是,Campari烈酒 or, if you like, Campari.

  • A lot of our food products that are of a red color

    很多我們吃的紅色的東西 A lot of our food products that are of a red color

  • are dyed with a natural dye.

    是用天然紅色染料染的。 are dyed with a natural dye.

  • The surimi sticks

    蟹肉棒 The surimi sticks

  • is crab meat, or is being sold as crab meat,

    是蟹肉,或是仿蟹肉 is crab meat, or is being sold as crab meat,

  • is white fish

    實際是白魚肉 is white fish

  • that's being dyed with cochineal.

    用胭脂蟲酸染色的。 that's being dyed with cochineal.

  • Cochineal is a product

    胭脂蟲酸是 Cochineal is a product

  • of an insect that lives off the cacti.

    是寄生在仙人掌上的蟲作的染料。 of an insect that lives off the cacti.

  • It's being produced in large amounts,

    胭脂蟲酸是量產的產物 It's being produced in large amounts,

  • 150 to 180 metric tons per year,

    年產量為150到180公噸 150 to 180 metric tons per year,

  • in the Canary Islands in Peru,

    主要產在祕魯的加那利群島 in the Canary Islands in Peru,

  • and it's big business.

    是一項重要的產業。 and it's big business.

  • One gram of cochineal

    每一克胭脂蟲酸 One gram of cochineal

  • costs about 30 euros.

    要價30歐元 costs about 30 euros.

  • One gram of gold

    黃金一公克 One gram of gold

  • is 30 euros.

    也是30歐元 is 30 euros.

  • So it's a very precious thing

    所以我們使用的這個食物染料 So it's a very precious thing

  • that we're using to dye our foods.

    是非常珍貴的。 that we're using to dye our foods.

  • Now the situation in the world is going to change,

    對你我和這個地球而言 Now the situation in the world is going to change,

  • for you and me, for everyone on this Earth.

    現在世界的局勢將會改變。 for you and me, for everyone on this Earth.

  • The human population is growing very rapidly

    這世界的人口正在急速增加 The human population is growing very rapidly

  • and is growing exponentially.

    成指數爆炸性地增加 and is growing exponentially.

  • Where at the moment we have

    現在全球大約 Where at the moment we have

  • something between six and seven billion people,

    有60到70億的人口 something between six and seven billion people,

  • it will grow to about nine billion

    到2050年 it will grow to about nine billion

  • in 2050.

    會增加到90億。 in 2050.

  • That means that we have a lot more mouths to feed.

    這表示會有更多張嘴嗷嗷待哺。 That means that we have a lot more mouths to feed.

  • And this is something that worries more and more people.

    越來越多人開始為這個為這個問題擔心。 And this is something that worries more and more people.

  • There was an FAO conference last October

    聯合國糧農組織去年十月 There was an FAO conference last October

  • that was completely devoted to this.

    開了一個會專門來討論這個問題。 that was completely devoted to this.

  • How are we going to feed this world?

    如何能產生足夠的食物? How are we going to feed this world?

  • And if you look at the figures up there,

    你如果看看這些數字 And if you look at the figures up there,

  • it says that we have a third more mouths to feed,

    說世界人口將增加33% it says that we have a third more mouths to feed,

  • but we need agricultural production increase

    但是農業產出必須增加70% but we need agricultural production increase

  • of 70 percent.

    才能餵飽所有人。 of 70 percent.

  • And that's especially because this world population

    這是因爲, And that's especially because this world population

  • in increasing,

    雖然人口在增加 in increasing,

  • and it's increasing, not only in numbers,

    但增加的不只是量 and it's increasing, not only in numbers,

  • but we're also getting wealthier,

    我們也越來越有錢 but we're also getting wealthier,

  • and anyone that gets wealthier starts to eat more

    有錢的人除了吃得更多 and anyone that gets wealthier starts to eat more

  • and also starts to eat more meat.

    也吃更多的肉。 and also starts to eat more meat.

  • And meat, in fact, is something

    而肉,事實上 And meat, in fact, is something

  • that costs a lot

    要耗費 that costs a lot

  • of our agricultural production.

    更多的農業產能。 of our agricultural production.

  • Our diet consists for some part of animal proteins,

    我們的飲食的一部分是動物性蛋白 Our diet consists for some part of animal proteins,

  • and at the moment, most of us here

    而這些動物性蛋白我們大部分 and at the moment, most of us here

  • get it from livestock,

    是從畜牧牲畜、 get it from livestock,

  • from fish, from game.

    從魚、家禽那裏得來, from fish, from game.

  • And we eat quite a lot of it.

    我們吃的動物性蛋白還不少。 And we eat quite a lot of it.

  • In the Developed World it's on average

    在已開發國家裏 In the Developed World it's on average

  • 80 kg. per person per year,

    平均每人每年吃80公斤的肉 80 kg. per person per year,

  • which goes up to 120

    而在美國 which goes up to 120

  • in the United States

    更是高達120公斤 in the United States

  • and a bit lower in some other countries,

    在一些國家雖然吃得少一些 and a bit lower in some other countries,

  • but on average 80 kg.

    但是平均 but on average 80 kg.

  • per person per year.

    每人每年80公斤。 per person per year.

  • In the Developing World it's much lower.

    在開發中國家就少很多 In the Developing World it's much lower.

  • It's 25 kg. per person per year.

    每人每年25公斤 It's 25 kg. per person per year.

  • But it's increasing enormously.

    但急速增長中。 But it's increasing enormously.

  • In China in the last 20 years,

    在中國過去20年裏 In China in the last 20 years,

  • it increased from 20 to 50,

    消耗的肉從20增加到50公斤 it increased from 20 to 50,

  • and it's still increasing.

    還在持續增加中。 and it's still increasing.

  • So if a third of the world population

    所以,如果世界三分之一的人口 So if a third of the world population

  • is going to increase its meat consumption

    消耗的肉量將會 is going to increase its meat consumption

  • from 25 to 80 on average,

    從25增加到80公斤 from 25 to 80 on average,

  • and a third of the world population

    另外,三分之一的世界人口 and a third of the world population

  • is living in China and in India,

    住在中國和印度 is living in China and in India,

  • we're having an enormous demand on meat.

    那麽我們對肉將會有很大量的需求。 we're having an enormous demand on meat.

  • And of course, we are not there to say,

    當然,我們不能說 And of course, we are not there to say,

  • it's only for us, it's not for them.

    只有我們能吃肉,這三分之一的人不能吃肉。 it's only for us, it's not for them.

  • They have the same share that we have.

    他們跟我們有一樣的權利。 They have the same share that we have.

  • Now to start with, I should say

    說起來,第一點我覺得 Now to start with, I should say

  • that we are eating way too much meat

    在歐美國家裏 that we are eating way too much meat

  • in the Western world.

    我們吃太多肉了。 in the Western world.

  • We could do with much, much less --

    事實上我們可以少吃一點的 We could do with much, much less --

  • and I know, I've been a vegetarian for a long time.

    這點我很清楚,因爲我吃素很久了 and I know, I've been a vegetarian for a long time.

  • And you can easily do without anything.

    我知道肉可以不吃 And you can easily do without anything.

  • You'll get proteins in any kind of food anyway.

    從很多食物你都可以獲取蛋白質。 You'll get proteins in any kind of food anyway.

  • But then there's a lot of problems

    再者,肉的生産過程裏 But then there's a lot of problems

  • that come with meat production,

    有很多問題 that come with meat production,

  • and we're being faced with that more and more often.

    而這些問題的出現也越來越頻繁。 and we're being faced with that more and more often.

  • The first problem that we're facing is human health.

    首當其衝的問題就是人體的健康。 The first problem that we're facing is human health.

  • Pigs are quite like us.

    豬跟人很像 Pigs are quite like us.

  • They're even models in medicine.

    不單做人類藥劑試驗的對象 They're even models in medicine.

  • And we can even transplant organs from a pig to a human.

    也還可以移植器官給人類。 And we can even transplant organs from a pig to a human.

  • That means that pigs also share diseases with us.

    這表示說豬也和人有很多共同的疾病 That means that pigs also share diseases with us.

  • And a pig disease,

    豬的疾病 And a pig disease,

  • a pig virus, and a human virus

    一株豬的病毒,和人的病毒 a pig virus, and a human virus

  • can both proliferate.

    都是會增殖的。 can both proliferate.

  • And because of their kind of reproduction,

    因爲兩種病毒的複製 And because of their kind of reproduction,

  • they can combine and produce a new virus.

    可以交叉而產生一株新的病毒 they can combine and produce a new virus.

  • This has happened in The Netherlands in the 1990's

    這在1990年代在荷蘭爆發的傳統豬瘟裏 This has happened in The Netherlands in the 1990's

  • during the classical swine fever outbreak.

    就發現這樣的事。 during the classical swine fever outbreak.

  • You get a new disease that can be deadly.

    而這種新的病是會致命的。 You get a new disease that can be deadly.

  • We eat insects -- they're so distantly related from us,

    因爲昆蟲和我們之間物種差異十分大 We eat insects -- they're so distantly related from us,

  • that this doesn't happen.

    這種事是不會發生的。 that this doesn't happen.

  • So that's one point for insects.

    所以在這方面,昆蟲獲得一分。 So that's one point for insects.

  • (Laughter)

    (笑聲) (Laughter)

  • And there's the conversion factor.

    另外還有生産報酬率的因素 And there's the conversion factor.

  • You take 10 kg. of feed,

    10公斤的飼料 You take 10 kg. of feed,

  • you can get one kg. of beef,

    可以養出一公斤的牛肉 you can get one kg. of beef,

  • but you can get nine kg. of locust meat.

    但是蝗蟲肉可以養出9公斤 but you can get nine kg. of locust meat.

  • So if you would be an entrepreneur,

    如果你是老闆 So if you would be an entrepreneur,

  • what would you do?

    你要養那一種? what would you do?

  • With 10 kg. of input,

    同樣是10公斤的飼料 With 10 kg. of input,

  • you can get either one or nine kg. of output.

    你可以得到1或9公斤的產出。 you can get either one or nine kg. of output.

  • So far we're taking

    目前我們還都是選擇 So far we're taking

  • the one, or up to five kg. of output.

    1公斤,最多到5公斤的產出 the one, or up to five kg. of output.

  • We're not taking the bonus yet.

    紅利都還放在那邊沒人拿呢, We're not taking the bonus yet.

  • We're not taking the nine kg. of output yet.

    我們都還沒去拿這9公斤的產出, We're not taking the nine kg. of output yet.

  • So that's two points for insects.

    所以到這裡昆蟲得兩分 So that's two points for insects.

  • (Laughter)

    (笑聲) (Laughter)

  • And there's the environment.

    再來有環境的考量 And there's the environment.

  • If we take 10 kg. of food --

    如果我們用10公斤的飼料 If we take 10 kg. of food --

  • (Laughter)

    (笑聲) (Laughter)

  • and it results in one kilogram of beef,

    來產出1公斤的牛肉 and it results in one kilogram of beef,

  • the other nine kg. are waste,

    那麽有9公斤是排泄掉了 the other nine kg. are waste,

  • and a lot of that is manure.

    其中大部分變成糞便排出 and a lot of that is manure.

  • If you produce insects, you have less manure

    如果你改養昆蟲,每公斤飼料投入 If you produce insects, you have less manure

  • per kg. of meat that you produce.

    所產生的糞便量是比較少的 per kg. of meat that you produce.

  • So less waste.

    產生的排泄物較少。 So less waste.

  • Furthermore, per kg. of manure,

    再者,就每一公斤的糞便 Furthermore, per kg. of manure,

  • you have much, much less ammonia

    產生的氨氣 you have much, much less ammonia

  • and fewer greenhouse gases

    和溫室氣體而言, and fewer greenhouse gases

  • when you have insect manure

    昆蟲糞便在這方面 when you have insect manure

  • than when you have cow manure.

    比起牛糞又少了很多。 than when you have cow manure.

  • So you have less waste,

    所以總體的排泄物較少 So you have less waste,

  • and the waste that you have is not as environmental malign

    而且就對環境的為害上來說 and the waste that you have is not as environmental malign

  • as it is with cow dung.

    昆蟲糞比牛糞還要不嚴重 as it is with cow dung.

  • So that's three points for insects.

    昆蟲現在積分為三分 So that's three points for insects.

  • (Laughter)

    (笑聲) (Laughter)

  • Now there's a big "if" of course,

    當然,目前有一個大問號 Now there's a big "if" of course,

  • and it is if insects produce meat

    那就是,昆蟲所做的肉的品質 and it is if insects produce meat

  • that is of good quality.

    是好的嗎? that is of good quality.

  • Well there have been all kinds of analysese

    經過各種試驗和分析 Well there have been all kinds of analysese

  • and in terms of protein, or fat, or vitamins,

    就蛋白質、油脂、和維他命的含量 and in terms of protein, or fat, or vitamins,

  • it's very good.

    結果是另人滿意的。 it's very good.

  • In fact, it's comparable

    事實上,昆蟲作的肉跟我們現在吃的肉 In fact, it's comparable

  • to anything we eat as meat at the moment.

    品質比起來是不相上下的 to anything we eat as meat at the moment.

  • And even in terms of calories, it is very good.

    甚至於在熱量的提供上,是十分好的。 And even in terms of calories, it is very good.

  • One kg. of grasshoppers

    一公斤的蚱蜢 One kg. of grasshoppers

  • has the same amount of calories

    所含的熱量相當於 has the same amount of calories

  • as 10 hot dogs, or six Big Macs.

    十條熱狗或六個大麥克堡。 as 10 hot dogs, or six Big Macs.

  • So that's four points for insects.

    昆蟲得到第四分 So that's four points for insects.

  • (Laughter)

    (笑聲) (Laughter)

  • I can go on,

    我可以一直說下去 I can go on,

  • and I could make many more points for insects,

    舉出更多昆蟲的優點 and I could make many more points for insects,

  • but time doesn't allow this.

    但是時間有限 but time doesn't allow this.

  • So the question is, why not eat insects?

    問題的重點在於,何不食昆蟲? So the question is, why not eat insects?

  • I gave you at least four arguments in favor.

    我可以提出四個賣點。 I gave you at least four arguments in favor.

  • We'll have to.

    我們大家 We'll have to.

  • Even if you don't like it,

    即使你不喜歡 Even if you don't like it,

  • you'll have to get used to this.

    也要去習慣這些事。 you'll have to get used to this.

  • Because at the moment,

    在目前 Because at the moment,

  • 70 percent of all our agricultural land

    70%的農地 70 percent of all our agricultural land

  • is being used to produce livestock.

    被用來生産牲畜。 is being used to produce livestock.

  • That's not only the land

    這包含的不只是 That's not only the land

  • where the livestock is walking and feeding,

    放、養動物需要的土地 where the livestock is walking and feeding,

  • but it's also other areas

    更包含了 but it's also other areas

  • where the feed is being produced and being transported.

    種植飼料所用的土地。 where the feed is being produced and being transported.

  • We can increase it a bit

    如果再開發一點熱帶雨林的話 We can increase it a bit

  • at the expense of rainforests,

    我們可以把蓄養動物的面積再增加一點 at the expense of rainforests,

  • but there's a limitation very soon.

    但很快也會到達極限的。 but there's a limitation very soon.

  • And if you remember that we need to increase

    你如果還記得我們剛講的 And if you remember that we need to increase

  • agricultural production by 70 percent,

    農業產出量還需要增加70% agricultural production by 70 percent,

  • we're not going to make it that way.

    這樣做是不會成功的。 we're not going to make it that way.

  • We could much better

    比較好的方法是 We could much better

  • from meat, from beef,

    把肉、牛肉的消耗量 from meat, from beef,

  • to insects.

    用昆蟲來取代。 to insects.

  • And then 80 percent of the world

    再説世界80%的人口 And then 80 percent of the world

  • already eats insects,

    已經在吃蟲了 already eats insects,

  • so we are just a minority --

    事實上,我們這些 so we are just a minority --

  • in a country like the U.K., the USA,

    在英國、美國、荷蘭 in a country like the U.K., the USA,

  • The Netherlands, anywhere.

    不吃蟲的人才是少數。 The Netherlands, anywhere.

  • On the left-hand side, you see a market in Laos

    在左邊,你看到這是在寮國的市場 On the left-hand side, you see a market in Laos

  • where they have abundantly present

    有大量的昆蟲 where they have abundantly present

  • all kinds of insects that you choose for dinner for the night.

    可以讓你選擇來做晚餐, all kinds of insects that you choose for dinner for the night.

  • On the right-hand side you see a grasshopper.

    在右邊是一隻蚱蜢 On the right-hand side you see a grasshopper.

  • So people there are eating them,

    那裏人們吃蚱蜢 So people there are eating them,

  • not because they're hungry,

    不是因爲沒東西吃 not because they're hungry,

  • but because they think it's a delicacy.

    而是因爲他們覺得蚱蜢是美食。 but because they think it's a delicacy.

  • It's just very good food.

    蚱蜢是好東西。 It's just very good food.

  • You can vary enormously.

    你可以吃很多 You can vary enormously.

  • It has many benefits.

    對身體很有助益 It has many benefits.

  • In fact, we have delicacy

    事實上,很多我們所謂的美食 In fact, we have delicacy

  • that's very much like this grasshopper:

    跟蚱蜢很像 that's very much like this grasshopper:

  • shrimps, a delicacy

    像蝦子,美食之一 shrimps, a delicacy

  • being sold at a high price.

    售價高得不得了 being sold at a high price.

  • Who wouldn't like to eat a shrimp?

    誰不愛吃蝦? Who wouldn't like to eat a shrimp?

  • There are a few people who don't like shrimp,

    不愛吃蝦的人是少數吧 There are a few people who don't like shrimp,

  • but shrimp, or crabs,

    但是蝦子、螃蟹、 but shrimp, or crabs,

  • or crayfish,

    小龍蝦 or crayfish,

  • are very closely related.

    基本上都是同一類的。 are very closely related.

  • They are delicacies.

    這都是美食。 They are delicacies.

  • In fact, a locust is a shrimp of the land,

    事實上,蝗蟲是陸上的蝦子 In fact, a locust is a shrimp of the land,

  • and it would make very good into our diet.

    也很適合我們食用 and it would make very good into our diet.

  • So why are we not eating insects yet?

    那爲什麽我們還不吃昆蟲呢? So why are we not eating insects yet?

  • Well that's just a matter of mindset.

    這歸咎到我們的心態問題 Well that's just a matter of mindset.

  • We're not used to it,

    我們還不習慣 We're not used to it,

  • and we see insects as these organisms that are very different from us.

    我們把昆蟲當成跟我們很不一樣的生物 and we see insects as these organisms that are very different from us.

  • That's why we're changing the perception of insects.

    所以我們要改變我們對昆蟲的認知 That's why we're changing the perception of insects.

  • And I'm working very hard with my colleague, Arnold van Huis,

    我跟我的同事Arnold van Huis在努力 And I'm working very hard with my colleague, Arnold van Huis,

  • in telling people what insects are,

    告訴人們昆蟲是什麽 in telling people what insects are,

  • what magnificent things they are,

    昆蟲是多美妙的東西 what magnificent things they are,

  • what magnificent jobs they do in nature.

    對大自然的貢獻有多大。 what magnificent jobs they do in nature.

  • And in fact, without insects,

    事實上,沒有了昆蟲 And in fact, without insects,

  • we would not be here in this room.

    我們今天也不可能在這裡 we would not be here in this room.

  • Because if the insects die out,

    因爲沒有了昆蟲 Because if the insects die out,

  • we will soon die out as well.

    我們也不能生存。 we will soon die out as well.

  • If we die out, the insects will continue very happily.

    我們要是滅亡了,昆蟲還會繼續快樂地存活下去。 If we die out, the insects will continue very happily.

  • (Laughter)

    (笑聲) (Laughter)

  • So we have to get used to the idea of eating insects.

    所以我們最好接受吃昆蟲的想法。 So we have to get used to the idea of eating insects.

  • And someone might think, well they're not yet available.

    有人會說,就算敢吃也還買不到 And someone might think, well they're not yet available.

  • Well they are.

    這是錯的 Well they are.

  • There are entrepreneurs in The Netherlands that produce them,

    在荷蘭現在有人在量產 There are entrepreneurs in The Netherlands that produce them,

  • and one of them is here in the audience,

    她今天也在台下 and one of them is here in the audience,

  • Marian Peeters, who's in the picture.

    Marian Peeters 是相片中的這個人 Marian Peeters, who's in the picture.

  • I predict that later this year, you'll get them in the supermarkets --

    我預計今年年底,你就可以在超級市場買到 I predict that later this year, you'll get them in the supermarkets --

  • not visible, but as animal protein

    不是一隻一隻的買,而是以動物蛋白的方式 not visible, but as animal protein

  • in the food.

    出現在食品裏。 in the food.

  • And maybe by 2020,

    很可能在2020年以前 And maybe by 2020,

  • you'll buy them just knowing that this is an insect that you're going to eat.

    你也會清楚地知道和接受去吃昆蟲產品 you'll buy them just knowing that this is an insect that you're going to eat.

  • And they're being made in the most wonderful ways.

    昆蟲加工品也會出現在各種美妙的東西裏 And they're being made in the most wonderful ways.

  • A Dutch chocolate maker.

    這是一個荷蘭巧克力師傅 A Dutch chocolate maker.

  • (Music)

    (音樂) (Music)

  • (Applause)

    (掌聲) (Applause)

  • So there's even a lot of design to it.

    還能弄成很多設計和裝飾 So there's even a lot of design to it.

  • (Laughter)

    (笑聲) (Laughter)

  • Well in the Netherlands, we have an innovative minister of agriculture,

    在荷蘭我們有很會創新的農業部長 Well in the Netherlands, we have an innovative minister of agriculture,

  • and she puts the insects on the menu

    她指示部裏的員工餐廳 and she puts the insects on the menu

  • in her restaurant in her ministry.

    提供昆蟲類的菜 in her restaurant in her ministry.

  • And when she got all the ministers of agriculture of the E.U.

    最近她還把歐盟各國的農業部長 And when she got all the ministers of agriculture of the E.U.

  • over to The Hague recently,

    請到(荷蘭)海牙來 over to The Hague recently,

  • she went to a high-class restaurant,

    他們一起去一間高級餐廳 she went to a high-class restaurant,

  • and they ate insects all together.

    一起享用了昆蟲餐。 and they ate insects all together.

  • It's not something that is a hobby of mine.

    這不只是我個人的小嗜好 It's not something that is a hobby of mine.

  • It's really taken off the ground.

    而是真正要成爲一股流行。 It's really taken off the ground.

  • So why not eat insects?

    所以,何不食昆蟲? So why not eat insects?

  • You should try it yourself.

    你該親自試試。 You should try it yourself.

  • A couple of years ago, we had 1,750 people all together

    幾年前,我們找了1750人 A couple of years ago, we had 1,750 people all together

  • in a square in Wageningen town,

    一起在Wageningen市的廣場 in a square in Wageningen town,

  • and they ate insects at the same moment,

    大家一起品嘗昆蟲 and they ate insects at the same moment,

  • and this was still big, big news.

    這在當時還是條大新聞。 and this was still big, big news.

  • I think soon it will not be big news anymore when we all eat insects,

    我想,如果大家都吃昆蟲的話,這就不會再是大新聞了 I think soon it will not be big news anymore when we all eat insects,

  • because it's just a normal way of doing.

    因爲這就變得平凡無奇了 because it's just a normal way of doing.

  • So you can try it yourself today,

    所以今天你可以自己試一試 So you can try it yourself today,

  • and I would say enjoy.

    我會祝你用餐愉快。 and I would say enjoy.

  • And I'm going to show to Bruno some first tries,

    我讓Bruno先來試一試 And I'm going to show to Bruno some first tries,

  • and he can have the first bite.

    他可以當第一個試吃的 and he can have the first bite.

  • (Applause)

    (掌聲) (Applause)

  • Bruno Giussani: Look at them first. Look at them first.

    Bruno Giussani:先看看,先看看 Bruno Giussani: Look at them first. Look at them first.

  • Marcel Dicke: It's all protein.

    Marcel Dicke:這都是蛋白質 Marcel Dicke: It's all protein.

  • BG: That's exactly the same [one]you saw in the video actually.

    BG:這跟你在影片裏看到的一模一樣 BG: That's exactly the same [one]you saw in the video actually.

  • And it looks delicious.

    看起來也挺好吃的 And it looks delicious.

  • They just make it [with] nuts or something.

    裡面還加了堅果什麽的 They just make it [with] nuts or something.

  • MD: Thank you.

    MD:謝謝大家 MD: Thank you.

  • (Applause)

    (掌聲) (Applause)

Okay, I'm going to show you

我又要來告訴你們 Okay, I'm going to show you

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