Thank you for taking 10 for CNN10.

謝謝你們花 10 分鐘收看 CNN10。

Your objective explanation of world events.

用客觀的角度來解釋世界大事。

It's been a challenge to report on one of the biggest events of the year because it affects people so differently and because the responses to it have been so different.

報導今年最重大的事件之一是項挑戰，因為它對人們的影響截然不同，且人們對它的反應也相差甚遠。

More than 1.6 million deaths worldwide have been linked to coronavirus, but estimates suggest that tens of millions have caught the disease but had no symptoms.

全世界有 160 多萬人的死亡都與新冠肺炎有關，但估計有數千萬人感染了這種疾病，卻沒有任何症狀。

Lockdowns, mask requirements and efforts to keep people farther apart have aimed to slow the spread of the disease, but it does continue to spread even in areas with strict guidelines in place.

封城、戴口罩的規定和拉開人與人之間距離的措施是為了減緩疾病的傳播，但即使在有嚴格管制的地區，疾病也依然繼續蔓延。

Those guidelines and restrictions are constantly in flux.

這些規定和限制不斷在變化。

Indoor dining at New York City's restaurants was just shut down again, but these places have been allowed to stay open in other parts of the state.

紐約市餐廳室內用餐再次禁止了，但在該州的其他地區這些餐廳卻被允許繼續營業。

Restaurants, gyms, museums and movie theaters are all closed in California.

在加州，餐廳、健身房、博物館和電影院的都已關閉。

But these businesses are all open in Texas, though people are required to wear masks.

但在德州，這些行業仍繼續營業，不過人們必須戴上口罩。

And in some states the restrictions vary by county, with more rules in place where infections are higher.

而在某些州，各縣的限制措施也不盡相同，在感染率較高的地方有較多的規定。

These different scenarios are playing out across the world.

這些不同的情況在世界各地上演。

It's anything but a one-size-fits-all approach to the pandemic.

面對這種大流行病，沒有一種適用在所有情況的方法。

I'm Kristie Lu Stout in Hong Kong.

我是 Kristie Lu Stout，駐於香港 。

Nearly a third of Japanese residents, some 32% want the Olympic Games canceled, according to a poll by the public broadcaster NHK.

根據當地公共廣播公司 NHK 的消息指出，將近三分之一的日本居民，約 32% 的人希望取消奧運會。

An additional 31% would like to see the games postponed again.

另外 31% 的人希望比賽再次延後。

That is a steep drop from the 40% show of support for the games back in October before third wave of infection kicked in.

這與在十月，第三波感染爆發前支持奧運會 40% 的人數相比大幅下降。

On Monday, Japan's Ministry of Health said 588 patients are in critical condition due to COVID-19.

週一，日本衛生部表示，有 588 名患者因為新冠肺炎處於病危狀態。

That is the highest number of patients in intensive care since the pandemic began.

這是自疫情開始以來，加護病房患者數量最多的一次。

I'm Jim Bittermann in France, where COVID lockdown restrictions are being relaxed just a bit.

我是 Jim Bittermann，駐於法國，這裡新冠肺炎的封鎖限制有稍微放寬一點。

From today onward, travel around the country is no longer limited and people no longer need to fill out a declaration explaining why they are out and about during the day.

從今天開始，全國各地的旅遊都不再受限，人們也不再需要填寫一份聲明來解釋他們為什麼要出門。

However, a tighter curfew is now in place, which does limit movement with some exceptions.

不過，現在實行了更嚴格的宵禁，這的確限制了人民的行動，但也有例外。

After eight at night and before six in the morning, theaters, museums, restaurants, bars will all remain closed until at least January 20th that because average infection rates in the country still remain higher than health authorities would like.

晚上八點後和早上六點前，劇院、博物館、餐廳、酒吧至少到 1 月 20 日都將維持關閉，因為該國的平均感染率仍然高於衛生局的期望。

I'm Salma Abdelaziz in London, where the government says a new variant of coronavirus may be to blame for its faster spread in parts of England.

我是 Salma Abdelaziz，駐於倫敦，政府稱一種新的新冠肺炎變體有可能是在英國部分地區快速傳播的罪魁禍首。

Now, I know this sounds scary, but experts agree this is nothing to worry about, and there is no evidence that this variant spreads faster, is more deadly or is immune to the vaccine.

好的，我知道這聽起來很可怕，但專家們一致認為這沒什麼好擔心的，也沒有證據證實這種變體的傳播速度更快、更致命或對疫苗有免疫力。

But there is a very real spike in coronavirus cases here in London.

但在倫敦，新冠肺炎的病例確實在增加。

That's why starting Wednesday, this city will move into England's highest-level coronavirus restrictions.

這就是為什麼，從週三開始，該城市將進入英國最高級別的新冠肺炎防疫限制。

That means new rules on people's social behaviors.

這意味著對人們的社交行為將會有新的規定。

I'm Paula Hancocks in Seoul with close to 900 new daily coronavirus cases here in South Korea, officials are seriously considering raising the social distancing measures to the highest level possible.

我是 Paula Hancocks，駐於首爾，每天新增新冠肺炎病例接近 900 例，韓國官方正在謹慎考慮將社交距離措施提高至最高等級。

The prime minister's saying today that they don't want to miss the window, but they also don't want to make a hasty decision knowing that this will have an impact on the economy.

今天總理表示，他們不想錯過這個機會，但他們也不想草率做決定，因為他們知道這會影響經濟。

Now also, hundreds off military personnel are being dispatched to different health centers around the greater Seoul area this week to try and help with the contact-tracing process.

此外，數百名軍方人員本週被派往大首爾地區不同的健康中心，去試著協助追蹤接觸的過程。

Big storm in the forecast for more than 13% of the US population.

氣象預報顯示，美國超過 13% 的人口將面臨大風暴。

We're talking about more than 45 million people concentrated in the Northeast.

我們說的是超過 4500 萬集中在東北地區的人們。

A weather system that moved off the Rocky Mountains on Tuesday was headed east toward cooler air, and forecasters said conditions were ripe for a powerful nor'easter that could stretch from Virginia to Massachusetts.

週二，天氣系統從洛基山脈移動到東邊，朝著冷空氣的方向前進，根據國家氣象局的說法，預報員說這情況是強大的東北風已經成熟，可能會從弗吉尼亞州延伸到馬薩諸塞州。

According to the National Weather Service this storm could carry wind gusts as high as 40 miles per hour and become the most impactful winter system in years.

根據國家氣象局的數據，這場風暴可能的風速高達 40英里/小時，並成為多年來影響最大的冬季季風。

According to the forecasting service AccuWeather, some cities in the region could see more snow over the next couple days than they did from every storm last winter combined.

根據 AccuWeather 的氣象預報服務（美國氣象預報媒體），此地區的一些城市在未來幾天可能會出現更多降雪，且降雪量會比去年冬天每次風暴的總量還要多。

There's a threat of several feet of snow and heavy ice in Connecticut, New Jersey and New York.

康乃狄克州、新澤西州和紐約都要面對好幾英尺的積雪和嚴重結冰的威脅。

That could cause widespread power outages at a time when people will need to run the heat.

屆時人們需要暖氣供應時，可能會導致大面積停電。

Blizzard conditions are possible along the coast.

沿海地區可能會有暴風雪。

Meteorologists told people in these areas to have their snow shovels ready and plan to stay off the roads.

氣象專家告訴這些地區的人們，要準備好雪鏟，且計畫遠離馬路。

10-second trivia!

十秒問答！

Which of these objects was once known as "NASA's $1.5 billion blunder"?

下列物體中的哪一個曾經被稱為「NASA 十五億美元的失誤」？

Hubble Space Telescope, International Space Station, Mir Space station or Mars Opportunity Rover?

哈伯太空望遠鏡、國際空間站、和平號空間站，還是火星機遇號探測器。

A problem with Hubble's Mirror initially caused it to take blurry photos, but that was fixed three years after Hubble launched.

哈伯望遠鏡最初出現一個問題，導致它拍出的照片都模糊不清，但在哈伯發射三年後，這個問題已解決了。

[The Hubble Space Telescope turned 30 this year.]

[哈伯太空望遠鏡今年滿三十歲了。]

[So NASA and its partners are releasing never-before-seen images from its career.]

[所以美國太空總署和他的夥伴們發佈從未見過的圖像。]

[More than 50 images of 30 celestial objects debuted in the release.]

[ 30 個天體超過 50 張圖像首次亮相。]

[The objects are part of a collection known to amateur astronomers as the Caldwell Catalog.]

[對業餘太空人來說，這些天體是科德韋爾深空天體表集合的一部分。]

[The images had been used for research over the years, but were never released to the public.]

[這些圖像過去幾年一直被用來做研究，但從未公諸於世。]

[The Hubble Telescope was launched in April of 1990 and has been upgraded over the years.]

[哈伯太空望遠鏡在 1990 年四月發射，且這些年來都有被升級。]

[It continues to make groundbreaking discoveries.]

[它持續有突破性的發現。]

Companies around the world are working with a mineral called perovskite to make solar panels more effective.

世界各地的公司都在使用一種叫做鈣鈦礦的礦物，讓太陽能電板可以更有效運用。

Solar power is a renewable form of energy, at least in places with plenty of sunlight, and it can reduce the cost of electricity.

太陽能是一種可再生能源，至少是在陽光充足的地方，且它可以降低電力成本。

But it does have its downsides.

但它確實有缺點。

The process of making solar panels creates both air pollution and waste.

太陽能電板的製作過程中，既導致空氣汙染，也造成了浪費。

Disposing used solar panels can put more toxic waste into the environment.

處置使用過的太陽能電板會將更多有毒廢物排放到環境中。

And while they're being used, the panels themselves take up a lot of space.

而它們在使用的同時，電板本身也佔了很大的空間。

But perovskite may be able to help with that last problem because it could make solar panels more efficient.

但鈣鈦礦也許能夠幫助解決最後一個問題，因為它可以使太陽能電板更加高效。

It's relatively inexpensive, though there are concerns about its cost when it's made on a larger scale.

它的價格相對較低，不過當規模較大時，人們也會擔心它的成本。

Still, some scientists say perovskite could significantly improve solar energy.

不過，一些科學家表示，鈣鈦礦可以大幅改善太陽能。

Solar panels, they're increasingly used to meet our energy needs, but there's a problem with the way silicon panels are made--their hugely inefficient.

太陽能電板，它們不斷地被利用來滿足我們的能源需求，但有一個問題是硅電板的製造方式讓它的效率極低。

That's because they only convert about 22% of the sun's rays into electricity.

這是因為它們只能將約 22% 的太陽光轉化為電能。

But scientists from the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom have made a discovery that's set to transform the industry.

但英國牛津大學的科學家們卻有了一個能改變此行業的發現。

Thanks to an obscure mineral called perovskite.

這要歸功於一種鮮為人知的礦物—鈣鈦礦。

This is silicon.

這就是硅。

It takes about seven tons of this material to make a million watts of solar cells.

製造一百萬瓦的太陽能電池大約需要七噸這種原料。

This is the perovskite material completely synthesized from Earth-abundant elements.

這個鈣鈦礦完全是由地球上豐富的元素這是組成的。

It only takes 35 kilograms of this material to make the same million watts of solar cells.

只需要 35 公斤的這種原料，就可以製造出同樣一百萬瓦的太陽能電池。

Seven tons, 35 kilograms.

七噸，35 公斤。

Working with perovskite in Oxford PV'S labs scientists found they could convert 28% of the sun's rays into electricity if they placed the layer of the mineral over a silicon cell.

在牛津 PV 的實驗室裡研究鈣鈦礦的科學家們發現，如果他們將礦物質層放在硅電池上，就可以將 28% 的太陽光轉化為電能。

In time, they believe they can double the current efficiency rate of silicon panels, eventually converting to 40% of the sun's rays into electricity.

他們相信，他們可以及時將目前硅電板的效率提高一倍，最終能將 40% 的太陽光轉化為電能。

But perovskites have other exciting advantages too, see their lightweight, transparent and very flexible.

但鈣鈦礦還有其他令人興奮的優點，它們輕巧、透明、且彈性非常好。

Imagine then seeing it wrapped around and incorporated into entire buildings.

想象一下，看到它圍繞起整個建築物，並融入其中的樣子。

That's the ambition of Warsaw-based Saule Technologies.

這就是總部位於華沙的 Saule 科技公司的野心。

They've started printing it using an inkjet printer.

他們已經開始用噴墨印表機影印了。

It can be printed so it's very cheap.

它可以被影印，所以是非常便宜的。

We can use perovskite cells on the facets of the building, on the roofs of the buildings, on the roofs of the cars, on the electronic devices, small electronic devices.

我們可以在建築物外的表面、建築物的屋頂、車頂、電子設備、小型電子設備上使用鈣鈦礦。

We can use it on the sails.

我們可以把它運用在帆上。

We can use it in the boats, tents, unlimited applications.

我們可以在船上、帳篷中使用，他可以不受限制的運用在各種地方。

When you envision a robot, you probably don't think of this.

當你設想一個機器人時，你可能不會想到這個。

The TechCrunch online newspaper compared it to a lemon peel, but it is a type of robot, a soft one that works underwater and it can fold and walk and even carry stuff.

TechCrunch 線上新聞報導把它比喻成一塊檸檬皮，但它是一種在水下工作的軟性機器人，它可以摺疊和行走，甚至也可以搬運東西。

It moves by the power of light and magnetic fields, and the researchers at Northwestern University who developed it hope it could one day be used in medicine.

它是通過光和磁場的能量來移動的，西北大學研發它的研究人員希望有天它能運用於醫學。

What type?

什麼類型？

The hydro-nano prototype.

Hydro-nano （水力驅動-奈米） 原型機。

What branch could be a step towards better podiatry?

哪一個分支可以邁向更好的足病學？

Maybe you could see it in ophthalmology or orthodontics, if it has teeth.

也許你可以在眼科學中看到它，或如果它有牙齒的話，也許可以齒顎矯正科看到它。

Dermatology could give it some skin in the game.

皮膚科讓他它可以承受一些切膚之痛。

I mean, who knows what pathology it'll take.

我的意思是，沒人知道它會需要什麼樣的病理學 （pun/俏皮話: path 道路）。

Whatever field it goes into, it's gotta be a magnetic one.

無論它進入什麼領域，一定會是有磁性的。

North Sanpete High School gets today's shoutout.

今天我們向 North Sanpete 中學致敬。

It is in Mount Pleasant, Utah.

它在猶他州的 Mount Pleasant。

Sounds like a pleasant place.

聽起來是個不錯的地方。

How do we pick the schools we mention?

我們是如何選擇我們提到的學校呢？

Our Web producer chooses from the comments of our most recent show at youtube.com/CNN10.

我們的網頁製作人會從我們在 youtube.com/CNN10 最新一集節目的留言中挑選出來。

So please subscribe to the channel and leave a comment there.

所以請大家訂閱我們的頻道，並留個言。

With two shows left to go in 2020 ...

2020 年還剩最後兩集節目...

I'm Carl Azuz for CNN.

我是 CNN 的 Carl Azuz。